“Tachikawa Ki-94”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

Tachikawa Ki-94

释义

Design and development
First Ki-94 Second Ki-94
Specifications (Ki-94-II (estimated performance))
See also
References
Notes Bibliography
External links

name = Ki-94

image =

caption =

}}{{Infobox Aircraft Type

type = Fighter

national origin = Japan

manufacturer = Tachikawa Aircraft Company Ltd

designer =

first flight =

introduction =

retired =

status = Prototype

primary user =

more users =

produced =

number built = 2

program cost =

unit cost =

developed from =

variants with their own articles = }

The term Tachikawa Ki-94 refers to two designs of the Tachikawa Hikoki K.K. aircraft factory.

Design and development

First Ki-94

The first was a twin-boom monoplane with two {{convert|1,641|kW|hp|abbr=on}} Mitsubishi Ha211 18-cylinder engines, driving two 4-blade propellers in a push-pull configuration. The very heavy armament that should have been mounted on the aircraft (two 37 mm/1.46 in and two 30 mm/1.18 in cannons,^[1] should have been enough to make short work of most US heavy bombers of the era. Notwithstanding the outstanding prospective performance, which however was judged as "unduly optimistic" by the technical department of the Japanese Army Air Force, this design was judged too complex by the technical department and the design was discarded.

Second Ki-94

The second Ki-94 design, made by a team under Tatsuo Hasegawa, chief designer of the aircraft and responsible for the used airfoil, was a more conventional single-seat, piston-engine monoplane fighter, developed for the Imperial Japanese Army Air Force along the same requirements as the Nakajima Ki-87, which had been the Army's fall-back design for the original Ki-94.^[1] Intended to counter B-29 raids, it was optimized for high-altitude interception with a pressurized cockpit and heavy armament.

This design was approved by the Koku Hombu, and the aircraft was designated Ki-94-II (the scrapped earlier Ki-94 design was named the Ki-94-I). An order was placed for one static test airframe, three prototypes, and eighteen pre-production aircraft. Only 2 prototypes were built in the event; the first was equipped with a single {{convert |1,895|kW|hp|abbr=on}} Nakajima Ha219 [Ha-44] engine, driving a 4-blade propeller because the 6-blade one was not ready.^[3] The second prototype was to be fitted with a 6-blade propeller. The war's end however stopped the construction of the second prototype and also found the first prototype still being readied for its maiden flight, the Ki-94-II never taking to the air.

Specifications (Ki-94-II (estimated performance))

{{aircraft specifications
|plane or copter?=plane
|jet or prop?=prop
|ref=Famous Aircraft of the World, first series, no.76: Japanese Army Experimental Fighters (1);^[2] Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War^[3]
|crew=1
|capacity=
|length main= 12 m
|length alt= 39 ft 4 in
|span main= 14 m
|span alt= 45 ft 11 in
|height main= 4.65 m
|height alt= 15 ft 3 in
|area main= 28 m²
|area alt= 301 sq ft
|airfoil= Tatsuo Hasegawa airfoil
|empty weight main= 4,637 kg
|empty weight alt= 10,337 lb
|loaded weight main= 6.450 kg
|loaded weight alt= 14.220 lb
|useful load main=
|useful load alt=
|max takeoff weight main=
|max takeoff weight alt=
|more general=
|engine (prop)= Nakajima Ha219 [Ha-44-12]
|type of prop= 18-cylinder air-cooled radial engine
|number of props= 1
|power main= 1,835 kW
|power alt= 2,461 hp
|power original=
|max speed main= 712 km/h
|max speed alt= 385 kn, 443 mph
|cruise speed main= 440 km/h
|cruise speed alt= 237 kn, 273 mph
|stall speed main=
|stall speed alt=
|never exceed speed main=
|never exceed speed alt=
|range main= 2,100 km
|range alt= 1,305 mi
|ceiling main= 14,680 m
|ceiling alt= 48,170 ft
|climb rate main=
|climb rate alt=
|loading main= 230.4 kg/m²
|loading alt= 47.2 lb/(sq ft)
|thrust/weight=
|power/mass main= 0.28 kW/kg
|power/mass alt= 0.17 hp/lb
|more performance=*Climb to 5,000 m (16,400 ft): 5 min 9 s;

Climb to 10,000 m (32,800 ft): 17 min 38 s;
Climb to 13,000 m (42,640 ft): 21 min 3 s

|guns= 2 × 30 mm (1.18 in) Ho-155 cannons and 2 × 20 mm Ho-5 cannons in wings,
|bombs= 2 × 250 kg (551 lb) bombs
|avionics=
}}

References

Notes

1. ^¹{{Harvnb|Francillon| 1979| p= 265}}.
2. ^{{Harvnb|FAOW|1976|p=67.}}
3. ^¹{{Harvnb|Francillon|1979|p=267.}}

Bibliography

{{Citation | last = Francillon | first = René J, Ph.D | title = Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War | place = London | publisher = Putnam & Co | edition = 2 | year = 1979 | ISBN = 0-370-30251-6}}. First edition from 1970 {{ISBN|0-370-00033-1}}.
{{Citation | last = Green | first = William | title = War Planes of the Second World War | volume = 3. Fighters | place = London | publisher = Macdonald | origyear = 1961 | edition = 7th impr | year = 1973 | ISBN = 0-356-01447-9}}.
{{Citation | title = Famous Aircraft of the World | series = 1st | number = 76 | volume = 1. Japanese Army Experimental Fighters | place = Japan | publisher = Bunrin-Do Co |date=August 1976}}.

External links

Webpage devoted to Tatsuo Hasegawa

5 : Japanese fighter aircraft 1940–1949|Japanese experimental aircraft 1940–1949|Twin-engined push-pull aircraft|Tachikawa aircraft|Twin-engined piston aircraft

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