“Taekwondo at the Summer Olympics”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Taekwondo at the Summer Olympics made its first appearance as a demonstration sport at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea. The opening ceremony featured a mass demonstration of taekwondo with hundreds of adults and children performing moves in unison. Taekwondo was again a demonstration sport at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain.^[1] Taekwondo became a full medal sport at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia, and has been a sport in the Olympic games since then.

History

Background

The quest to bring taekwondo to the Olympics began in 1974 when taekwondo was admitted into the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU).^[2] One of the AAU's primary roles is to establish standards for various sports nationwide. The World Taekwondo Federation's technical standards were adopted by the AAU Taekwondo group.

In 1975, taekwondo became an affiliate of the General Association of International Sports Federations (GAISF).^[2] The GAISF promotes cooperation among various international sports federations and works closely with the Olympics movement. Five years later, in 1980, the WTF was granted recognition by the IOC.^[2] The following year, taekwondo was one of the primary events in the World Games,^[2] an international competition specifically for non-Olympic events. In 1982, taekwondo was designated an official demonstration sport for the 1988 Olympic Games in Seoul, Korea, and for the 1992 Olympic Games in Barcelona, Spain.^[2]

In 1986 and 1987, taekwondo was included in the following international sporting events: World Cup (1986), Asian Games (1986), All-Africa Games (1986), and the Pan American Games (1987).^[2] In 1994, the IOC adopted taekwondo as an official Olympic sport for the 2000 Olympic Games in Sydney, Australia.^[2]

Olympic competition format

For Olympic competition, there will be a single elimination tournament for each of the weight categories. The winner of the tournament final will receive the gold medal, and the loser will receive the silver medal while a Repechage competition will occur for the bronze medal contest.

Up until the 2012 Summer Olympics, a National Olympic Committee could only send a maximum of two men and two women competitors, without regard whether it is the host nation.^[4] This restriction has been lifted for the 2016 Summer Olympics, so each National Olympic Committee may now qualify one athlete per weight category.^[5]^[6]

Events

Event

Men

Women

Flyweight

−58 kg

−49 kg

Featherweight

−68 kg

−57 kg

Middleweight

−80 kg

−67 kg

Heavyweight

+80 kg

+67 kg

Medal table

Number of athletes by nation

2012= 2| total=4}

total=3}

2004= 2|2008= 1|2012= 2| total=4}

total=1}

2004= 4|2008= 4|2012= 2|2016= 4| total=5}

2004= 2| total=2}

2008= 1|2012= 2|2016= 4| total=4}

total=1}

2016= 3| total=2}

total=1}

2008= 1| total=2}

total=1}

2004= 3|2008= 3|2012= 2|2016= 4| total=5}

2016= 1| total=2}

2004= 2|2008= 3|2012= 3|2016= 1| total=5}

total=1}

2012= 2|2016= 1| total=3}

2012= 1|2016= 1| total=3}

2004= 2|2008= 4|2012= 3|2016= 4| total=5}

2004= 4|2008= 4|2012= 3|2016= 3| total=5}

2004= 3|2008= 2|2012= 1|2016= 2| total=5}

2008= 1|2012= 1| total=3}

2004= 2|2008= 2|2012= 2|2016= 3| total=5}

2004= 2|2008= 3|2012= 3|2016= 1| total=5}

total=1}

2004= 2| total=2}

2008= 1|2012= 1|2016= 3| total=4}

total=1}

2004= 4|2008= 1|2012= 4|2016= 3| total=5}

2004= 1|2012= 1|2016= 1| total=4}

2004= 4|2008= 2|2012= 2|2016= 4| total=5}

2012= 1|2016= 1| total=3}

2008= 4|2012= 2|2016= 3| total=4}

2004= 4|2008= 3|2012= 4|2016= 4| total=5}

2004= 4|2008= 3|2012= 1| total=4}

total=1}

2004= 3|2012= 1| total=3}

total=1}

2016= 1| total=2}

total=1}

2004= 2| total=2}

2004= 2|2008= 3|2012= 3|2016= 4| total=5}

total=1}

2008= 1|2016= 1| total=3}

2004= 3|2008= 3|2012= 2| total=4}

2004= 1|2008= 2|2012= 1|2016= 3| total=5}

total=1}

2004= 1|2008= 1|2012= 2|2016= 1| total=5}

2004= 2|2008= 1|2012= 3|2016= 1| total=5}

2008= 2|2012= 3|2016= 3| total=4}

total=1}

2012= 1| total=2}

total=1}

2004= 1| total=2}

2004= 1|2008= 1|2016= 1| total=4}

2004= 1|2008= 2| total=3}

2012= 1|2016= 1| total=3}

total=1}

2004= 3|2008= 3|2012= 4|2016= 4| total=5}

total=1}

2004= 3|2008= 3|2012= 3|2016= 3| total=5}

2008= 1|2016= 1| total=3}

2004= 2|2008= 1|2012= 1|2016= 1| total=5}

2008= 3|2012= 3|2016= 1| total=4}

total=1}

2016= 1| total=2}

2008= 2|2012= 2| total=3}

2004= 1|2008= 1|2016= 1| total=4}

2016= 1| total=2}

2012= 1|2016= 1| total=3}

2004= 3|2008= 2|2016= 1| total=4}

2012= 1|2016= 2| total=3}

2016= 1| total=2}

2008= 2|2016= 1| total=3}

total=1}

2004= 2|2012= 4|2016= 3| total=4}

total=1}

2012= 1|2016= 1| total=3}

2016= 2| total=2}

2012= 3| total=2}

2004= 1| total=2}

2004= 4|2008= 4|2012= 4|2016= 5| total=5}

2004= 4|2008= 4|2012= 3|2016= 3| total=5}

total=1}

2008= 2|2012= 2|2016= 2| total=4}

total=1}

2008= 3|2012= 3|2016= 3| total=4}

total=1}

2004= 1| total=2}

2008= 1|2012= 1|2016= 3| total=4}

2004= 1|2008= 4|2012= 3|2016= 2| total=5}

2012= 2| total=2}

total=1}

2004= 2|2008= 4|2012= 4|2016= 4| total=5}

2008= 3|2012= 3|2016= 3| total=4}

2004= 4|2008= 4|2016= 1| total=4}

2004= 2|2008= 3|2012= 2| total=4}

2012= 1| total=2}

Nations

–

Athletes

–

103

124

128

See also

References

1. ^{{cite news | last = Rowbottom | first = Mike | title = 1996: The shape of things to come | publisher = The Independent | date = 1 January 1996 | url = https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/1996-the-shape-of-things-to-come-1321879.html | accessdate = 2009-04-25}}
2. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶{{cite web|last=Hartman |title=History of Taekwondo: Road to the Olympics |publisher=TKD Tutor |year=2000 |url=http://tkdtutor.com/02Taekwondo/TaekwondoHistory/16Olympics01.htm |accessdate=2009-04-25 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090307005702/http://tkdtutor.com/02Taekwondo/TaekwondoHistory/16Olympics01.htm |archivedate=March 7, 2009 }} (Link has expired, as at 28 February 2010.)
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.i-olympic.com/viewthread.php?tid=1516|title=www.i-olympic.com|website=Web.archive.org|accessdate=4 October 2017|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160804094736/http://www.i-olympic.com/viewthread.php?tid=1516|archivedate=4 August 2016|df=}}
4. ^ {{dead link|date=June 2016}}
5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.worldtaekwondofederation.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/2013-09-05_WTF_Olympic_Standing_Procedure_Council_E-vote.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2017-01-26 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202022636/http://www.worldtaekwondofederation.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/2013-09-05_WTF_Olympic_Standing_Procedure_Council_E-vote.pdf |archivedate=2017-02-02 |df= }}
6. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20170202042218/http://www.taekwondobond.nl/tbn/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/Guidelines_Rio_2016_Qualification_System_v8.pdf]