| 词条 | Taranaki Province | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|name=Taranaki |official_name=Formerly New Plymouth |native_name= |native_name_lang= mi |settlement_type= Provinces of New Zealand |total_type= Province |motto= |image_map=Taranaki in New Zealand (1873).svg |map_caption= Taranaki Province within New Zealand post 1853 |subdivision_type= Country |subdivision_name= New Zealand |subdivision_type1= Island |subdivision_name1= North Island |seat=New Plymouth |parts_type= |leader_title= |leader_name= |established_title= Established |established_date= 1853 |extinct_title=Abolished |extinct_date=1876 |named_for=Mount Taranaki |area_total_km2= |population_as_of= |population_total= }} The Taranaki Province was a province of New Zealand from 1853 until the abolition of provincial government in 1876. Initially known as New Plymouth Province, the province was renamed on 1 January 1859 as the Taranaki Province. AreaWith an area of some {{convert|2000000|acre|sqkm}}, New Plymouth Province was the smallest of the initial six provinces, and it was also the least populous. European settlement started in New Plymouth in 1841, which was the province's capital. For the first 30 years, European settlement did not extend many miles beyond New Plymouth.[1] HistoryAt the beginning of the 19th century, a coastal fringe some {{convert|2|to|4|mi}} deep was densely populated with Māori. Tribes from the Waikato region threatened these Ngāti Awa, and during the 1820s, many of the inhabitants left Taranaki. In 1832, Waikato tribes launched an assault with firearms, resulting in the remaining Ngāti Awa being killed or going into slavery apart from the Otaku pā in New Plymouth. When English emigrants arrived in 1841, they found deserted land.[1] The settlement of the province was organised by the Plymouth Company, a subsidiary of the New Zealand Company which was later absorbed into its parent company. Taranaki was chosen for the settlement by the surveyor Frederic Carrington, and New Plymouth was the only town founded in the country founded through organised settlement that lacked a natural harbour. Carrington argued that fertile land and natural harbours don't come together in New Zealand, and that the land is more important for the settlement, and an artificial harbour will later be affordable. He was present when the breakwater was built 40 years after New Plymouth had been founded.[1] Anniversary DayNew Zealand law still provides an anniversary day for each province. Taranaki Anniversary Day is celebrated annually on the second Monday in March. SuperintendentsThe Taranaki Province had four Superintendents:[2]
LegislationNo surviving legislation. References1. ^1 2 {{cite book |title=An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand |origyear=First published in 1966 |publisher=Ministry for Culture and Heritage / Te Manatū Taonga |chapter-url= http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/1966/taranaki | editor-first=A. H. |editor-last=McLintock |editor-link=Alexander Hare McLintock |accessdate= 1 December 2013 |chapter=Province and Provincial Districts |date= 22 April 2009}} 2. ^{{cite web|title=Provinces 1848-77 |url=http://rulers.org/newzprov.html |publisher=Rulers.org|accessdate=15 June 2010 }} External links
5 : History of Taranaki|Provinces of New Zealand|States and territories established in 1853|1876 disestablishments in New Zealand|1853 establishments in New Zealand |
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