| 词条 | Ten Days of Brescia |
| 释义 |
|conflict = Siege of Brescia Ten Days of Brescia |image = BresciaDG.jpg |image_size = 290px |caption = Episode from the Ten Days of Brescia in 1849 |partof = the Italian Wars of Independence |date = 23 March - 1 April 1849[1] |place = Brescia, Lombardy |result = Capitulation of Brescia[2] |combatant1 = Brescia[1][3] |combatant2 = Austrian Empire[2] |commander1 = Tito Speri Giuseppe Martinengo Pietro Boifava [4][5][6] |commander2 = Julius von Haynau Field marshal Johann Graf Nugent{{KIA}} Major general [7][8] |strength1 =Numerous barricades[9] armed insurgents:[7][10] 2,000–3,000 |strength2 =Austrian garrison:[11] 4 companies & 30 guns Nugent Brigade:[7][8] 2,300 infantry & cavalry 4 guns 30-pound Mörser-Batterie |casualties1 =ca. 1,000 killed [12][13] Including Civilians [14] 16 executed[10] |casualties2 =31 March and 1 April: [7] 53 KIA[7] including 3 officers 209 wounded[7] including 13 officers 54 MIA[7] }}{{Campaignbox First Italian War of Independence}} The Ten Days of Brescia ({{lang-it|Dieci giornate di Brescia}}) was a revolt which broke out in the northern Italian city of that name, which lasted from March 23 to April 1, 1849. In the early 19th century Brescia was part of the Austrian puppet state called Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia. The revolt, headed by the patriot Tito Speri, began on the same day as the Battle of Novara (though news of Austria's victory there had not yet reached Brescia). The Austrian troops under general Nugent, were initially surprised and retired to the castle, from which they heavily cannonaded the city, damaging many of Brescia's historical monuments. A total encirclement of Brescia was established by the Austrians beginning on the 8th day of the revolt, when reinforcements arrived. The following day General Haynau, later nicknamed "The Hyena of Brescia", came and demanded the unconditioned surrender of the Bresciani. As the latter refused, the fighting continued until late night, when the heads of the revolt decided to surrender. The following day (April 1), however, the Austrian troops sacked the city and massacred numerous inhabitants before the surrender could be signed. Some 1,000 citizens were killed during the battle. For its fierce resistance, the city of Brescia earned the surname Leonessa d'Italia (Lioness of Italy). Sources1. ^1 {{cite book|title=Breve storia del Risorgimento italiano narrata alla gioventù |first=Siro |last=Corti |date=1885 |place=Turin}} Brescia 1849. I caduti delle dieci giornate di Gianluigi Valotti - La Compagnia della Stampa - 2018: EAN: 97888848675202. ^1 {{cite book|title=Chambers's encyclopaedia: Vol. 2 |last=W. & R. Chambers|date=1868 |place=London}} 3. ^{{cite book|title=Wochenblatt für den Königlich-Bayerischen Gerichtsbezirk Zweibrücken No. 41.|first=Freitag, 6. April |last=Wochenblatt |date=1849 |place=Zweibrücken}} 4. ^{{cite book|title=Bradshaw's illustrated hand-book to Italy |first= George|last=Bradshaw|date=1898 |place=London}} 5. ^{{cite book|title=Handbook for travellers in northern Italy Part I. and Part II. |first=John |last=Murray |date=1858 |place=London}} 6. ^{{cite book|title=Goffredo Mameli: tra un inno e una battaglia |first=Mauro |last=Stramacci |date=1991 |place=Rome}} 7. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite book|title=Kriegsbegebenheiten bei der Kaiserlich österreichischen Armee in Italien vom 20. März bis 1. April 1849 |last=Aus der Kaiserlich Königlichen Hof- und Staatsdruckerei |date=1850 |place=Vienna}} 8. ^1 {{cite book|title=Der italienische Krieg von 1848 und 1849|first=Wilhelm |last=Rüstow |date=1862 |place=Zürich}} 9. ^{{cite book|title=Staats- und Gesellschafts-Lexikon|first=Friedrich Wilhelm Hermann |last=Wagener |date=1862 |place=Berlin}} 10. ^1 {{cite book|title=Radetzky: Imperial Victor and Military Genius|first=Alan |last=Sked |date=2011 |place=New York}} 11. ^{{cite book|title=Geschichte des K.K. Linien-Infanterie-Regimentes No. 8, Erzherzog Ludwig|first=Carl Adam |last=Schweigerd |date=1857 |place=Vienna}} 12. ^{{cite book|title=The siege of Venice |first=Jonathan |last=Keates |date=2005 |place=New York}} 13. ^{{cite book|title=The United service magazine, Part 1 |first=Henry |last=Colburn |date=1860 |place=London}} 14. ^{{cite book|title=The Eclectic review |last=July–December Vol.II |date=1859 |place=London}} See also
10 : Revolts of the Italian unification|Battles involving Austria|Conflicts in 1849|1849 in Italy|Brescia|History of Lombardy|1849 in the Austrian Empire|March 1849 events|April 1849 events|Rebellions against the Austrian Empire |
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