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释义 |
Banned terrorist organizationsNihilist Faction{{anchor|Nihilist Faction}}The Nihilist Faction ({{lang-el|Φράξια Μηδενιστών|translit=Fraxia Midheniston}}) was a nihilist anarchist organization in Greece, which claimed responsibility for a 28 May 1996 bombing of IBM offices in Athens. The attack caused extensive structural damage but no injuries.[2] The group was responsible for other attacks, primarily arson and fire bombing. The group was founded c. 1996.[3] Revolutionary People's Struggle{{main article|Revolutionary People's Struggle}}Revolutionary Organization 17 November{{main article|Revolutionary Organization 17 November}}The Greek government arrested many members of the 17 November organization in the summer of 2002. In 2003 15 members were found guilty of multiple murders and convicted for more than 2,500 crimes. In December 2005 a three-judge panel began an appeals trial.[4] Revolutionary Struggle{{main article|Revolutionary Struggle}}The Revolutionary Struggle is a far-left Greek paramilitary group known for its attacks on Greek government buildings. It is widely described as a terrorist organization by both the Greek government[5] and the media.[6][7] Revolutionary Nuclei{{main article|Revolutionary Nuclei}}Revolutionary Nuclei was, anti-U.S., anti-NATO, and anti-European Union terrorist organization that conducted 13 bomb attacks in Athens between 1996 and 2000. The first attack for which RN took credit was a bomb attack on Greek Coast Guard installations in Piraeus on 11 May 1997, but it later acknowledged that two earlier attacks were carried out by RN members. Per its four proclamations, RN fought against the "imperialist domination, exploitation, and oppression" of Greece.[8] On 27 April 1999 an RN bomb targeting a conference at the Intercontinental Hotel in Athens killed one person (Despite telephoned warnings, the building was not evacuated). In December 1999 RN set off explosives near Texaco's offices in Athens.[8] RN members bombed the Citigroup offices in Athens and a Greek-American sculptor's studio in November 2000. RN then disappeared without explanation. Conspiracy of Fire Nuclei{{main article|Conspiracy of Fire Nuclei}}Sect of Revolutionaries{{main article|Sect of Revolutionaries}}Revolutionary Self-DefenseThe Rvolutionary Self-Defense group is a product of what the class conflict demands today. The group fight to "construct a mass internationalist revolutionary movement, by strengthening militant resistance on the entire spectrum of class antagonism".[9] On November 10 2016 A policeman, who had been on guard outside the embassy, was wounded when unknown assailants threw a hand grenade on the French embassy building, days later the group claimed responsibility for the attack.[10] Militants shot against members of the riot police when they are parked in the downtown in Athens, Greece. The incidents no left injuried[11] The group is suspected to attack the russian embasy in Athens.[12] Outlawed groupsAs Greece is a member of the European Union, the following terrorist entities that are outlawed in Greek territory via the EU Terrorist list:
Timeline
See also
References1. ^Note: the term "terrorist" is most often given by the state and/or the media when referring to groups that take revolutionary action, rather than coined from the organizations themselves. {{Europe topic|Terrorism in}}2. ^{{Cite web | url=https://www.refworld.org/docid/468106f6c.html| title=Patterns of Global Terrorism 1996 - Greece| last=| first=| date=April 1997| website=| publisher=United States Department of State| archive-url=| archive-date=| dead-url= no| access-date=}} 3. ^{{Cite web | url=https://www.trackingterrorism.org/group/nihilist-faction-greece| title=Nihilist Faction -- Greece| last=| first=| date=| website=Terrorism Research & Analysis Consortium| archive-url=| archive-date=| dead-url=| access-date=}} 4. ^[https://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3395.htm Background Note: Greece] United States Department of State 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.greekembassy.org/Ehttp://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2012/f/z03190p030f.pdfmbassy/content/en/Article.aspx?office=1&folder=844&article=15291|title=Revolutionary Struggle terror group claims responsibility for attacks on labor ministry, police buses|publisher=Embassy of Greece to the United States|date=June 10, 2005|accessdate=2007-01-12}} 6. ^{{cite news|author=George Gilson|title=Robin Hood terrorists|url=http://www.athensnews.gr/athweb/nathens.print_unique?e=C&f=13162&m=A08&aa=1&eidos=A|publisher=Athens News|date=December 23, 2005}} 7. ^{{cite news|title=U.S. Embassy in Athens Is Attacked|publisher=New York Times|date=January 12, 2007|author=Anthee Carassava|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/12/world/europe/12cnd-greece.html?em&ex=1168750800&en=6973ee656fb02618&ei=5087%0A}} 8. ^1 List of known terrorist organizations {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090806115607/http://www.cdi.org/terrorism/terrorist-groups.cfm |date=2009-08-06 }} Center for Defense Information 9. ^{{citeweb|url=https://325.nostate.net/tag/organization-for-revolutionary-self-defense/|title=Athens: Armed attacks against Mexican and French Embassies – Communique from the ‘Organisation of Revolutionary Self-Defense’ – ‘Towards a New International Revolutionary Movement’ (Greece)|work=325 Nostate|accessdate=2019-03-28}} 10. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2016/11/10/grenade-blast-outside-french-embassy-athens-wounds-1/93580856/|title=Grenade blast outside French Embassy in Athens wounds 1|newspaper=USA TODAY|access-date=2016-11-10}} 11. ^{{citeweb|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-greece-attack-bullets/gun-from-greek-pasok-shooting-used-in-past-guerrilla-attacks-police-idUSKBN1D71GD|title=Gun used from Greek PASOK shooting ised in past guerrilla attacks against police|work=Reuters|accessdate=2019-03-28}} 12. ^{{citeweb|url=http://tass.com/emergencies/1049970|title=Greek police identify explosive thrown at guard booth outside Russian Embassy|work=TASS.com|accessdate=2019-03-28}} 13. ^{{cite news|title=Bomb Kills Two At Us Embassy|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1964&dat=19700903&id=-5BGAAAAIBAJ&sjid=Si8NAAAAIBAJ&pg=879,778726|accessdate=15 February 2014|newspaper=The Palm Beach Post|date=3 September 1970|author=Staff writers|agency=United Press International}} 14. ^{{cite news|title=Premature Bomb Explosion At Us Embassy In Athens|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=957&dat=19700903&id=a_AiAAAAIBAJ&sjid=K8sFAAAAIBAJ&pg=4900,3718063|accessdate=15 February 2014|newspaper=Quebec Chronicle-Telegraph|date=3 September 1970}} 15. ^{{cite news|title=How Often Are Arab Terrorists Punished? Hardly Ever!|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1915&dat=19750122&id=A-wgAAAAIBAJ&sjid=GnIFAAAAIBAJ&pg=789,3264889|accessdate=12 February 2014|newspaper=The Day|date=22 January 1975|author=Staff writers|agency=Associated Press}} 16. ^{{cite news|title=Terrorists Kill 2 Americans In Attack In Athens Airport|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1350&dat=19730806&id=vdBOAAAAIBAJ&sjid=EQIEAAAAIBAJ&pg=6448,1197824|accessdate=12 February 2014|newspaper=Toledo Blade|date=6 August 1973|author=Staff writers|agency=Associated Press}} 17. ^{{cite news|title=2 Arabs Face Athens Court, Plead Guilty|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1310&dat=19740124&id=KK5VAAAAIBAJ&sjid=P-ADAAAAIBAJ&pg=5861,5125476|accessdate=12 February 2014|newspaper=Eugene Register-Guard|date=24 January 1974|author=Staff writers|agency=United Press International}} 18. ^{{cite news|title=Terrorists Claim Credit For Bombing|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2506&dat=19740225&id=n6dbAAAAIBAJ&sjid=sVENAAAAIBAJ&pg=2640,4940387|accessdate=13 February 2014|newspaper=The News and Courier|date=25 February 1974|author=Staff writers|agency=United Press International}} 19. ^{{cite news|last=Landler|first=Mark|title=Greek Court Convicts 15 in 27-Year-Old Terror Group|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2003/12/09/world/greek-court-convicts-15-in-27-year-old-terror-group.html|accessdate=12 February 2014|newspaper=The New York Times|date=9 December 2003}} 20. ^{{cite news|title=Riot Police Chief Killed|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1301&dat=19800118&id=FIZWAAAAIBAJ&sjid=vuYDAAAAIBAJ&pg=3867,4155784|accessdate=15 February 2014|newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald|date=18 January 1980|author=Staff writers|agency=Reuters}} 21. ^{{cite news|last=AP|title=Turk Killed In Greece|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=loBRAAAAIBAJ&sjid=ZQgEAAAAIBAJ&pg=4491,109708&dq|accessdate=17 November 2012|newspaper=Spokesman-Review|date=August 1, 1980}} 22. ^{{cite news|title=Gunmen Slay Two In Greek Attack|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2245&dat=19810722&id=cuMzAAAAIBAJ&sjid=QTIHAAAAIBAJ&pg=5185,2831186|accessdate=12 February 2014|newspaper=Lodi News-Sentinel|date=22 July 1981|author=Staff writer|agency=United Press International}} 23. ^{{cite news|title=Gunman Kills Embassy Guard|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1755&dat=19831108&id=354cAAAAIBAJ&sjid=lWgEAAAAIBAJ&pg=6911,6470715|accessdate=14 February 2014|newspaper=Sarasota Herald-Tribune|date=8 November 1983}} 24. ^{{cite news|title=U.S. NAVY OFFICER IS ASSASSINATED IN ATHENS BY UNKNOWN GUNMEN|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1983/11/16/world/us-navy-officer-is-assassinated-in-athens-by-unknown-gunmen.html|accessdate=12 February 2014|newspaper=The New York Times|date=16 November 1983}} 25. ^{{cite news|title=Gunman Kills British Diplomat|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2507&dat=19840329&id=BMFAAAAAIBAJ&sjid=2qUMAAAAIBAJ&pg=3494,6601268|accessdate=14 February 2014|newspaper=The Glasgow Herald|date=29 March 1984}} 26. ^{{cite news|last=Philps|first=Alan|title=Mystery end of Abu Nidal - the retired terrorist|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/iraq/1404926/Mystery-end-of-Abu-Nidal-the-retired-terrorist.html|accessdate=14 February 2014|newspaper=The Telegraph|date=20 August 2002}} 27. ^{{cite book|last=Kassimeris|first=George|title=Inside Greek Terrorism|date=2013|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=9780199333394|page=43|url=https://books.google.com/?id=iNpMAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA43&lpg=PA43&dq=Momferatos+assassination#v=onepage&q=Momferatos%20assassination&f=false}} 28. ^{{cite news|script-title=el:ΤΑ ΧΤΥΠΗΜΑΤΑ ΤΗΣ «17 ΝΟΕΜΒΡΗ» Νο 6-10|url=http://www.tovima.gr/relatedarticles/article/?aid=144453|accessdate=12 February 2014|newspaper=To Vima|date=28 July 2002|language=Greek}} 29. ^{{cite news|title=Police Scour Athens For 3 Suspects In In Fatal Bombing|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2506&dat=19851128&id=GXxJAAAAIBAJ&sjid=QAsNAAAAIBAJ&pg=946,10064381|accessdate=12 February 2014|newspaper=The News and Courier|date=28 November 1985|author=Staff writers|agency=Associated Press}} 30. ^{{cite news|last=Staff writers|title=Us Naval Officer Killed In Greece By Remote-control Car-bomb Blast|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1917&dat=19880629&id=tnghAAAAIBAJ&sjid=DokFAAAAIBAJ&pg=2851,7247177|accessdate=12 February 2014|newspaper=Schenectady Gazette|date=29 June 1988|agency=United Press International}} 31. ^{{cite news|author= Staff writer|url=http://www.time.com/time/archive/preview/0,10987,968093,00.html|title= A Smoking Gun Points at Libya|work= World Notes TERRORISM|publisher= TIME magazine|date= August 8, 1988|accessdate= 2006-05-05}} 32. ^{{cite news|author=Staff writer|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0CE3DD1539F934A25752C1A964958260|title= Germans Arrest Palestinian In 1988 Cruise Ship Attack|publisher= New York Times|date=17 November 1992|accessdate=2006-05-05}} 33. ^{{cite news|title=Cruise-ship terrorists leave 11 dead, 98 hurt|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1955&dat=19880712&id=i_ghAAAAIBAJ&sjid=g6IFAAAAIBAJ&pg=4811,405833|accessdate=12 February 2014|newspaper=Reading Eagle|date=12 July 1988|author=Staff writers|agency=Associated Press}} 34. ^{{cite news|title=Greek Party Spokesman Shot, Killed|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1310&dat=19890927&id=NPNVAAAAIBAJ&sjid=y-EDAAAAIBAJ&pg=7068,6826907|accessdate=15 February 2014|newspaper=Eugene Register-Guard|date=27 September 1989|author=Staff writers|agency=Associated Press}} 35. ^{{cite news|title=Blast In Greece Kills American|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=799&dat=19910313&id=MI9PAAAAIBAJ&sjid=9VEDAAAAIBAJ&pg=4815,3255817|accessdate=16 February 2014|newspaper=The Bryan Times|date=13 March 1991|author=Staff writers|agency=United Press International}} 36. ^{{cite news|title=7 People Killed in Terrorist Bombing in Greece|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/04/20/world/7-people-killed-in-terrorist-bombing-in-greece.html|accessdate=12 February 2014|newspaper=The New York Times|date=20 April 1991}} 37. ^{{cite news|title=Bomb Blast Kills 7 At Air Courier Office|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2519&dat=19910419&id=fH9eAAAAIBAJ&sjid=5GENAAAAIBAJ&pg=5581,5776311|accessdate=12 February 2014|newspaper=Observer-Reporter|date=19 April 1991|agency=Associated Press}} 38. ^{{cite news|title=Terrorist Bomb Meant For British Consulate|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=886&dat=19910428&id=iBxTAAAAIBAJ&sjid=2IEDAAAAIBAJ&pg=4855,4489707|accessdate=12 February 2014|newspaper=The Prescott Courier|date=28 April 1991|agency=Associated Press}} 39. ^{{cite news|title=Minister Escapes Assassination Try|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1350&dat=19920715&id=CQ8wAAAAIBAJ&sjid=TwMEAAAAIBAJ&pg=3090,3883879|accessdate=15 February 2014|newspaper=Toledo Blade|date=15 July 1992}} 40. ^{{cite news|title=Former Greek Banker Killed By Gunfire|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1499&dat=19940125&id=T6IaAAAAIBAJ&sjid=sywEAAAAIBAJ&pg=1739,695476|accessdate=15 February 2014|newspaper=The Milwaukee Journal|date=25 January 1994}} 41. ^{{cite news|title=Gunmen Kill Turkish Diplomat|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1310&dat=19940705&id=sN9WAAAAIBAJ&sjid=ousDAAAAIBAJ&pg=4174,1112874|accessdate=16 February 2014|newspaper=Eugene Register-Guard|date=5 July 1994}} 42. ^{{cite news|title=Turkish diplomat shot dead in Athens|url=http://www.heraldscotland.com/sport/spl/aberdeen/turkish-diplomat-shot-dead-in-athens-1.495714|accessdate=16 February 2014|newspaper=The Herald (Glasgow)|date=5 July 1994|author=Staff writers|agency=Reuters}} 43. ^{{cite web|title=Europe and Eurasia Overview|url=https://www.state.gov/www/global/terrorism/1997Report/eurasia.html|work=Patterns of Global Terrorism: 1997|publisher=United States Department of State|accessdate=15 February 2014}} 44. ^{{cite news|last=Stanley|first=Alessandra|title=Huge March In Athens Protests Visit By Clinton|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/11/18/world/huge-march-in-athens-protests-visit-by-clinton.html|accessdate=12 February 2014|newspaper=The New York Times|date=18 November 1999}} 45. ^{{cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/782245.stm | work=BBC News | title=British diplomat shot dead in Athens | date=8 June 2000 | accessdate=15 February 2014}} 46. ^{{cite news|last=Stanley|first=Alessandra|title=British Attache Is Assassinated On Greek Street|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/06/09/world/british-attache-is-assassinated-on-greek-street.html|accessdate=15 February 2014|newspaper=The New York Times|date=9 June 2000}} 47. ^{{cite news|last=Anast|first=Alan|title=I killed diplomat, says Greek terrorist|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/greece/1404226/I-killed-diplomat-says-Greek-terrorist.html|accessdate=15 February 2014|newspaper=The Telegraph|date=12 August 2002}} 48. ^{{cite news | title = Gunmen kill Greek anti-terrorist policeman | url = https://www.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSTRE55G0RS20090617 | work = Reuters | date = June 17, 2009 | accessdate = June 17, 2009 }} 49. ^{{cite news|title=Athens bomb kills Afghan boy and injures two|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/8592105.stm|accessdate=12 February 2014|newspaper=BBC News|date=29 March 2010}} 50. ^{{cite news|last=Kitsantonis|first=Niki|title=Greece: Bomb Kills Cabinet Minister’s Assistant|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/25/world/europe/25briefs-Greece.html?_r=0|accessdate=12 February 2014|newspaper=The New York Times|date=24 June 2010}} 51. ^{{cite news|title=Greek police suspect far-left in Greek journalist's killing|url=https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5h2i5IVlPoyoj6jrsY0VGhNfUKTyw?hl=en|accessdate=15 February 2014|newspaper=Agence France-Presse|date=19 July 2010}} 52. ^[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/greece/10422171/Golden-Dawn-members-killed-outside-party-office.html Golden Dawn members killed outside party office], Associated Press, 1 November 2013. 53. ^[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-24780379 Two members of Greece's Golden Dawn shot dead], BBC News, 1 November 2013. 54. ^{{cite news|title=Golden Dawn shootings: group claims responsibility|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/nov/16/golden-dawn-shootings-group-claims-responsibility|accessdate=17 November 2013|newspaper=The Guardian|date=17 November 2013}} 55. ^https://www.euronews.com/2018/12/17/bomb-explosion-rips-through-athens-tv-station 2 : Terrorism in Greece|Terrorism by country |
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