“February 16”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Events

116 – Emperor Trajan sends laureatae to the Roman Senate at Rome on account of his victories and conquest of Parthia.

1249 – Andrew of Longjumeau is dispatched by Louis IX of France as his ambassador to meet with the Khagan of the Mongol Empire.

1270 – Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeats the Livonian Order in the Battle of Karuse.

1630 – Dutch forces led by Hendrick Lonck capture Olinda in what was to become part of Dutch Brazil.

1646 – Battle of Torrington, Devon: The last major battle of the first English Civil War.

1699 – First Leopoldine Diploma is issued by the Holy Roman Emperor, recognizing the Greek Catholic clergy enjoyed the same privileges as Roman Catholic priests in the Principality of Transylvania.

1742 – Spencer Compton, Earl of Wilmington, becomes British Prime Minister.

1796 – Colombo in Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) falls to the British, completing their invasion of Ceylon.^[1]

1804 – First Barbary War: Stephen Decatur leads a raid to burn the pirate-held frigate {{USS|Philadelphia|1799|6}}.

1862 – American Civil War: General Ulysses S. Grant captures Fort Donelson, Tennessee.

1866 – Spencer Compton Cavendish, Marquess of Hartington becomes British Secretary of State for War.

1881 – The Canadian Pacific Railway is incorporated by Act of Parliament at Ottawa (44th Vic., c.1).

1899 – Iceland's first football club, Knattspyrnufélag Reykjavíkur, is founded.

1918 – The Council of Lithuania unanimously adopts the Act of Independence, declaring Lithuania an independent state.

1923 – Howard Carter unseals the burial chamber of Pharaoh Tutankhamun.

1930 – The Romanian Football Federation joins FIFA.

1934 – The Austrian Civil War ends with the defeat of the Social Democrats and the Republikanischer Schutzbund.

1936 – Elections bring the Popular Front to power in Spain.

1937 – Wallace H. Carothers receives a United States patent for nylon.

1940 – World War II: Altmark Incident: The German tanker Altmark is boarded by sailors from the British destroyer {{HMS|Cossack}}. 299 British prisoners are freed.

1943 – World War II: In the early phases of the Third Battle of Kharkov, Red Army troops re-enter the city.

1945 – World War II: American forces land on Corregidor Island in the Philippines.

1959 – Fidel Castro becomes Premier of Cuba after dictator Fulgencio Batista was overthrown on January 1.

1960 – The U.S. Navy submarine {{USS|Triton|SSRN-586|6}} begins Operation Sandblast, setting sail from New London, Connecticut, to begin the first submerged circumnavigation of the globe.

1961 – Explorer program: Explorer 9 (S-56a) is launched.

1962 – Flooding in the coastal areas of West Germany kills 315 and destroys the homes of about 60,000 people.

1968 – In Haleyville, Alabama, the first 9-1-1 emergency telephone system goes into service.

1978 – The first computer bulletin board system is created (CBBS in Chicago).

1983 – The Ash Wednesday bushfires in Victoria and South Australia kill 75.

1985 – Hezbollah is founded.

1986 – The Soviet liner {{MS|Mikhail Lermontov||6}} runs aground in the Marlborough Sounds, New Zealand.

1991 – Nicaraguan Contras leader Enrique Bermúdez is assassinated in Managua.

1996 – A Chicago-bound Amtrak train, the Capitol Limited, collides with a MARC commuter train bound for Washington, D.C., killing 11 people.

1998 – China Airlines Flight 676 crashes into a road and residential area near Chiang Kai-shek International Airport in Taiwan, killing all 196 aboard and seven more on the ground.

2005 – The Kyoto Protocol comes into force, following its ratification by Russia.

2005 – The National Hockey League cancels the entire 2004–05 regular season and playoffs.

2006 – The last Mobile army surgical hospital (MASH) is decommissioned by the United States Army.

2013 – A bomb blast at a market in Hazara Town, Quetta, Pakistan kills more than 80 people and injures 190 others.

Births

1032 – Ying Zong, Chinese emperor (d. 1067)

1222 – Nichiren, founder of Nichiren Buddhism (d. 1282)^[2]

1304 – Jayaatu Khan Tugh Temür, Chinese emperor (d. 1332)

1331 – Coluccio Salutati, Italian political leader (d. 1406)^[3]

1419 – John I, Duke of Cleves (d. 1481)

1470 – Eric I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (d. 1540)^[4]

1471 – Krishnadevaraya, emperor of the Vijayanagara Empire (d. 1529)

1497 – Philip Melanchthon, German astronomer, theologian, and academic (d. 1560)^[5]

1514 – Georg Joachim Rheticus, Austrian cartographer and instrument maker (d. 1574)^[6]

1519 – Gaspard II de Coligny, French admiral (d. 1572)

1543 – Kanō Eitoku, Japanese painter and educator (d. 1590)

1620 – Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg (d. 1688)

1643 – John Sharp, English archbishop (d. 1714)

1698 – Pierre Bouguer, French mathematician, geophysicist, and astronomer (d. 1758)

1727 – Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin, Austrian botanist, chemist, and mycologist (d. 1817)

1740 – Giambattista Bodoni, Italian publisher and engraver (d. 1813)

1761 – Jean-Charles Pichegru, French general (d. 1804)

1774 – Pierre Rode, French violinist and composer (d. 1830)

1786 – Maria Pavlovna, Russian Grand Duchess (d. 1859)

1802 – Phineas Quimby, American mystic and philosopher (d. 1866)

1804 – Karl Theodor Ernst von Siebold, German physiologist and zoologist (d. 1885)

1812 – Henry Wilson, American colonel and politician, 18th Vice President of the United States (d. 1875)

1821 – Heinrich Barth, German explorer and scholar (d. 1865)

1822 – Francis Galton, English biologist and statistician (d. 1911)

1824 – Peter Kosler, Slovenian lawyer, geographer, and cartographer (d. 1879)

1826 – Joseph Victor von Scheffel, German poet and author (d. 1886)

1830 – Lars Hertervig, Norwegian painter (d. 1902)

1831 – Nikolai Leskov, Russian author, playwright, and journalist (d. 1895)

1834 – Ernst Haeckel, German biologist, physician, and philosopher (d. 1919)

1838 – Henry Adams, American journalist, historian, and author (d. 1918)

1841 – Armand Guillaumin, French painter (d. 1927)

1843 – Henry M. Leland, American engineer and businessman, founded Cadillac and Lincoln (d. 1932)

1845 – George Kennan, American journalist and explorer (d. 1924)

1848 – Hugo de Vries, Dutch botanist, geneticist, and academic (d. 1935)

1848 – Octave Mirbeau, French journalist, novelist, and playwright (d. 1917)

1856 – Ossian Everett Mills, American academic, founded Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia (d. 1920)

1866 – Billy Hamilton, American baseball player and manager (d. 1940)

1868 – Edward S. Curtis, American ethnologist and photographer (d. 1952)

1873 – Radoje Domanović, Serbian journalist and author (d. 1908)

1876 – G. M. Trevelyan, English historian and academic (d. 1962)

1878 – Pamela Colman Smith, English occultist and illustrator (d. 1951)

1878 – James Colosimo, Italian-American mob boss (d. 1920)

1884 – Robert J. Flaherty, German-Irish American director and producer (d. 1951)

1887 – Kathleen Clifford, American actress (d. 1962)

1891 – Hans F. K. Günther, German eugenicist and academic (d. 1968)

1893 – Katharine Cornell, American actress and producer (d. 1974)

1896 – Eugénie Blanchard, French super-centenarian (d. 2010)

1901 – Wayne King, American singer-songwriter and conductor (d. 1985)

1901 – Chester Morris, American actor (d. 1970)

1902 – Cyril Vincent, South African cricketer (d. 1968)

1903 – Edgar Bergen, Swedish-American ventriloquist and actor (d. 1978)

1904 – James Baskett, African-American actor and singer (d. 1948)

1904 – George F. Kennan, Scotch-Irish American historian and diplomat, United States Ambassador to the Soviet Union (d. 2005)

1906 – Vera Menchik, British-Czechoslovak-Russian chess player (d. 1944)

1909 – Hugh Beaumont, American actor and director (d. 1982)

1909 – Jeffrey Lynn, American actor (d. 1995)

1909 – Richard McDonald, Irish-American businessman, co-founded McDonald's (d. 1998)

1914 – Jimmy Wakely, American country music singer-songwriter and actor (d. 1982)

1916 – Bill Doggett, African-American pianist and composer (d. 1996)

1919 – Georges Ulmer, Danish-French actor and composer (d. 1989)

1920 – Anna Mae Hays, American general (d. 2018)

1921 – Vera-Ellen, German-American actress, singer, and dancer (d. 1981)

1921 – Jean Behra, French race car driver (d. 1959)

1921 – John Galbraith Graham, English priest and academic (d. 2013)

1922 – Heinz-Wolfgang Schnaufer, German soldier and pilot (d. 1950)

1923 – Samuel Willenberg, Polish-Israeli sculptor and painter (d. 2016)

1926 – Margot Frank, German-Dutch holocaust victim (d. 1945)

1926 – John Schlesinger, English actor and director (d. 2003)

1927 – June Brown, English actress

1929 – Gerhard Hanappi, Austrian footballer and architect (d. 1980)

1929 – Peter Porter, Australian-English poet and educator (d. 2010)

1931 – Otis Blackwell, American singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 2002)

1931 – Ken Takakura, Japanese actor and singer (d. 2014)

1932 – Ahmad Tejan Kabbah, Sierra Leonean economist, lawyer, and politician, 3rd President of Sierra Leone (d. 2014)

1932 – Gretchen Wyler, American actress, singer, and dancer (d. 2007)

1934 – August Coppola, American author and academic (d. 2009)

1934 – Marlene Hagge, American golfer

1935 – Brian Bedford, English-American actor and director (d. 2016)

1935 – Sonny Bono, American actor, singer, and politician (d. 1998)

1935 – Stephen Gaskin, American activist, co-founded The Farm (d. 2014)

1935 – Bradford Parkinson, American colonel and engineer

1935 – Kenneth Price, American painter and sculptor (d. 2012)

1937 – Paul Bailey, British novelist, critic, and biographer

1937 – Yuri Manin, Russian-German mathematician and academic

1938 – John Corigliano, American composer and academic

1939 – Adolfo Azcuna, Filipino lawyer and judge

1940 – Hannelore Schmatz, German mountaineer (d. 1979)

1941 – Kim Jong-il, North Korean commander and politician, 2nd Supreme Leader of North Korea (d. 2011)

1942 – Richard Williams, American tennis player and coach

1944 – Glyn Davies, Welsh farmer and politician

1944 – Richard Ford, American novelist and short story writer

1944 – António Mascarenhas Monteiro, Cape Verdean politician, 2nd President of Cape Verde (d. 2016)

1948 – Kaiketsu Masateru, Japanese sumo wrestler and coach (d. 2014)

1949 – Bob O'Reilly, Australian rugby league player

1950 – Peter Hain, Kenyan-Welsh politician, Secretary of State for Wales

1951 – Barry Foote, American baseball player and coach

1952 – William Katt, American actor, director, and screenwriter

1952 – James Ingram, American singer-songwriter and producer (d. 2019)

1953 – John Bradbury, English drummer, songwriter, and producer (d. 2015)

1953 – Lanny McDonald, Canadian ice hockey player and manager

1953 – Roberta Williams, American video game designer, co-founded Sierra Entertainment

1954 – Iain Banks, Scottish author and playwright (d. 2013)

1954 – Margaux Hemingway, American model and actress (d. 1996)

1954 – Michael Holding, Jamaican cricketer and sportscaster

1956 – Vincent Ward, New Zealand director and screenwriter

1957 – LeVar Burton, German-born American actor, director, and producer

1958 – Natalie Angier, American author

1958 – Ice-T, American rapper and actor

1958 – Oscar Schmidt, Brazilian basketball player

1958 – Herb Williams, American basketball player and coach

1959 – John McEnroe, German-American tennis player and sportscaster

1959 – Kelly Tripucka, American basketball player and sportscaster

1960 – Pete Willis, English guitarist and songwriter

1961 – Des Hasler, Australian rugby league player and coach

1961 – Liu Kang, Chinese footballer and manager (d. 2013)

1961 – Andy Taylor, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer

1962 – John Balance, English singer-songwriter (d. 2004)

1964 – Bebeto, Brazilian footballer and manager

1964 – Christopher Eccleston, English actor

1965 – Dave Lombardo, Cuban-American drummer

1967 – Keith Gretzky, Canadian ice hockey player and coach

1968 – Warren Ellis, English author and screenwriter

1970 – Angelo Peruzzi, Italian footballer and manager

1971 – Michael Avenatti, American attorney and pundit^[7]

1971 – Craig Laundy, Australian politician

1972 – Jerome Bettis, American football player and sportscaster

1972 – Zoran Čampara, Bosnian football player

1972 – Sarah Clarke, American actress

1972 – Naomi Nishida, Japanese actress

1972 – Darrell Trindall, Australian rugby league player

1973 – Cathy Freeman, Australian sprinter

1974 – Mahershala Ali, American actor

1976 – Eric Byrnes, American baseball player and sportscaster

1976 – Kyo, Japanese singer-songwriter and producer

1977 – Ian Clarke, Irish-American computer scientist, founded Freenet

1977 – Ahman Green, American football player

1978 – Tia Hellebaut, Belgian high jumper and chemist

1978 – Wasim Jaffer, Indian cricketer

1978 – John Tartaglia, American actor, singer, and puppeteer

1979 – Eric Mun, American-South Korean singer and actor

1979 – Valentino Rossi, Italian motorcycle racer

1980 – Longineu W. Parsons III, French-American drummer

1981 – Jay Howard, English race car driver

1981 – Jerry Owens, American baseball player

1981 – Qyntel Woods, American basketball player

1982 – Aleksandr Dmitrijev, Estonian footballer

1982 – Rickie Lambert, English footballer

1982 – Lupe Fiasco, American rapper

1983 – Agyness Deyn, English model, actress, and singer

1984 – Sofia Arvidsson, Swedish tennis player

1984 – Oussama Mellouli, Tunisian swimmer

1985 – Simon Francis, English footballer

1985 – Stacy Lewis, American golfer

1985 – Ron Vlaar, Dutch footballer

1986 – Diego Godín, Uruguayan footballer

1987 – Luc Bourdon, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2008)

1987 – Theresa Goh, Singaporean swimmer

1987 – Hasheem Thabeet, Tanzanian basketball player

1988 – Diego Capel, Spanish footballer

1988 – Zhang Jike, Chinese table tennis player

1988 – Denílson Pereira Neves, Brazilian footballer

1988 – Andrea Ranocchia, Italian footballer

1988 – Kim Soo-hyun, South Korean actor and singer

1989 – Elizabeth Olsen, American actress

1990 – Dunamis Lui, Australian-Samoan rugby league player

1990 – The Weeknd, Canadian singer-songwriter and producer

1991 – Sergio Canales, Spanish footballer

1992 – Nicolai Boilesen, Danish footballer

1992 – Zsófia Susányi, Hungarian tennis player

1994 – Annika Beck, German tennis player

1994 – Federico Bernardeschi, Italian footballer

1995 – Katy Dunne, English tennis player

1995 – Carina Witthöft, German tennis player

1995 – Denzel Curry, American rapper

1997 – Pardeep Narwal, Indian Kabaddi athlete

Deaths

549 – Zhu Yi, Chinese general (b. 483)

902 – Mary the Younger, Byzantine saint (b. 875)

1184 – Richard of Dover, Archbishop of Canterbury

1247 – Henry Raspe, Landgrave of Thuringia (b. 1204)

1279 – Afonso III of Portugal (b. 1210)

1281 – Gertrude of Hohenburg, queen consort of Germany (b. c.1225)

1390 – Rupert I, Elector Palatine (b. 1309)

1391 – John V Palaiologos, Byzantine emperor (b. 1332)

1531 – Johannes Stöffler, German mathematician and astronomer (b. 1452)

1560 – Jean du Bellay, French cardinal and diplomat (b. 1493)

1579 – Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada, Spanish explorer (b. 1509)

1645 – Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba, Spanish general and politician, 24th Governor of the Duchy of Milan (b. 1585)

1710 – Esprit Fléchier, French bishop and author (b. 1632)

1721 – James Craggs the Younger, English politician, Secretary of State for the Southern Department (b. 1686)

1754 – Richard Mead, English physician (b. 1673)

1820 – Georg Carl von Döbeln, Swedish general (b. 1758)

1862 – William Pennington American lawyer and politician, 13th Governor of New Jersey, 23rd Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (b. 1796)

1898 – Thomas Bracken, Irish-New Zealand journalist, poet, and politician (b. 1843)

1899 – Félix Faure, French merchant and politician, 7th President of France (b. 1841)

1907 – Giosuè Carducci, Italian poet and educator, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1835)

1912 – Nicholas of Japan, Russian-Japanese monk and saint (b. 1836)

1917 – Octave Mirbeau, French journalist, novelist, and playwright ( (b. 1848)

1919 – Vera Kholodnaya, Ukrainian actress (b. 1893)

1928 – Eddie Foy, Sr., American actor and dancer (b. 1856)

1932 – Ferdinand Buisson, French academic and politician, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1841)

1932 – Edgar Speyer, American-English financier and philanthropist (b. 1862)

1944 – Dadasaheb Phalke, Indian director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1870)

1957 – Josef Hofmann, Polish-American pianist and composer (b. 1876)

1961 – Dazzy Vance, American baseball player (b. 1891)

1967 – Smiley Burnette, American singer-songwriter and actor (b. 1911)

1974 – John Garand, Canadian-American engineer, designed the M1 Garand Rifle(b. 1888)

1975 – Morgan Taylor, American hurdler and coach (b. 1903)

1977 – Janani Luwum, bishop, Church of Uganda, martyr (b. c.1922)

1977 – Rózsa Péter, Hungarian mathematician (b. 1905)

1980 – Erich Hückel, German physicist and chemist (b. 1895)

1984 – M. A. G. Osmani, Bangladeshi general (b. 1918)

1990 – Keith Haring, American painter and activist (b. 1958)

1991 – Enrique Bermúdez, Nicaraguan lieutenant and engineer (b. 1932)

1992 – Angela Carter, English novelist, short story writer (b. 1940)

1992 – Jânio Quadros, Brazilian politician, 22nd President of Brazil (b. 1917)

1992 – Herman Wold, Norwegian-Swedish economist and statistician (b. 1908)

1996 – Roberto Aizenberg, Argentinian painter and sculptor (b. 1922)

1996 – Roger Bowen, American actor and author (b. 1932)

1996 – Pat Brown, American lawyer and politician, 32nd Governor of California (b. 1905)

1996 – Brownie McGhee, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1915)

1997 – Chien-Shiung Wu, Chinese-American physicist and academic (b. 1912)

1998 – Mary Amdur, American toxicologist and public health researcher (b. 1908)

2000 – Marceline Day, American actress (b. 1908)

2000 – Lila Kedrova, Russian-French actress and singer

2000 – Karsten Solheim, Norwegian-American businessman, founded PING (b. 1911)

2001 – Howard W. Koch, American director and producer (b. 1916)

2001 – William Masters, American gynecologist and sexologist (b. 1915)

2002 – Walter Winterbottom, English footballer and manager (b. 1913)

2003 – Rusty Magee, American actor and composer (b. 1955)

2004 – Doris Troy, American singer-songwriter (b. 1937)

2006 – Johnny Grunge, American wrestler (b. 1966)

2006 – Ernie Stautner, German-American football player and coach (b. 1925)

2009 – Stephen Kim Sou-hwan, South Korean cardinal (b. 1921)

2011 – Len Lesser, American actor (b. 1922)

2011 – Justinas Marcinkevičius, Lithuanian poet and playwright (b. 1930)

2012 – Gary Carter, American baseball player and coach (b. 1954)

2012 – Elyse Knox, American model, actress, and fashion designer (b. 1917)

2012 – John Macionis, American swimmer and lieutenant (b. 1916)

2012 – Anthony Shadid, American journalist (b. 1968)

2013 – Colin Edwards, Guyanese footballer (b. 1991)

2013 – Grigory Pomerants, Russian philosopher and author (b. 1918)

2013 – Tony Sheridan, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1940)

2014 – Ken Farragut, American football player (b. 1928)

2014 – Gert Krawinkel, German guitarist (b. 1947)

2014 – Michael Shea, American author (b. 1946)

2015 – Lasse Braun, Algerian-Italian director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1936)

2015 – Lesley Gore, American singer-songwriter (b. 1946)

2015 – R. R. Patil, Indian lawyer and politician, Deputy Chief Minister of Maharashtra (b. 1957)

2015 – Lorena Rojas, Mexican actress and singer (b. 1971)

2016 – Boutros Boutros-Ghali, Egyptian politician and diplomat, 6th Secretary-General of the United Nations (b. 1922)

Holidays and observances

Christian feast day:

Abda of Edessa
Elias and companions
Juliana of Nicomedia (Catholic Church)
Onesimus
Charles Todd Quintard (Episcopal Church (USA))
February 16 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

Day of the Shining Star (Kim Jong-il's Birthday) (North Korea)

Restoration of Lithuania's Statehood Day, celebrate the independence of Lithuania from Russia and Germany in 1918 (Lithuania)

References

1. ^{{cite book | last = James | first = William | authorlink = William James (naval historian) | year = 2002 | origyear= 1827 | chapter = | title = The Naval History of Great Britain, Volume 1, 1793–1796 | publisher = Conway Maritime Press | location = London | isbn = 0-85177-905-0 |page=371}}
2. ^{{cite book|author=Diane Morgan|title=The Buddhist Experience in America|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SqwzJt9XGpoC&pg=PA119|year=2004|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-313-32491-8|pages=119–}}
3. ^{{cite book|author=George Sarton|title=Introduction to the History of Science ...|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=a7SJBmN5p5kC|year=1947|publisher=Carnegie Institution of Washington}}
4. ^{{cite book|author=J. Anderson|title=Ladies of the Reformation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JaZIAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA117|year=1857|pages=117}}
5. ^{{cite book|author=H. Ashley Hall|title=Philip Melanchthon and the Cappadocians: A Reception of Greek Patristic Sources in the Sixteenth Century|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qz4TAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA75|date=12 March 2014|publisher=Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht|isbn=978-3-525-55067-0|pages=75–}}
6. ^{{cite book|author=Nicolaus Copernicus|title=Three Treatises on Copernican Theory|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2dxqDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA4|date=17 October 2018|publisher=Courier Dover Publications|isbn=978-0-486-82775-9|pages=4–}}
7. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.racing-reference.info/driver/Michael_Avenatti|title=Michael Avenatti|accessdate=29 September 2018}}

Events

Births

Deaths

Holidays and observances

References

External links