| 词条 | Federation of Liberals |
| 释义 |
| name = Federation of Liberals | native_name = Federazione dei Liberali | country = Italy | colorcode = #0047AB | logo = | predecessor = Italian Liberal Party[1] | foundation = 6 February 1994 | leader1_title = Leaders | leader1_name = Raffaello Morelli Valerio Zanone | newspaper = | membership_year = | membership = | ideology = Liberalism Social liberalism | position = Centre | international = | european = | europarl = | website = www.partitodelleliberta.it/liberali/ }} The Federation of Liberals ({{lang-it|Federazione dei Liberali}}, FdL) is a minor liberal political party in Italy. The party was founded on 6 February 1994 as the legal successor of the Italian Liberal Party (PLI):[2] Alfredo Biondi, incumbent president of the PLI, was elected president and Raffaello Morelli coordinator.[3][4] In the 1994 general election most FdL members supported Patto Segni, while Biondi (and some of the Liberals gathered in the Union of the Centre) were elected with Forza Italia. The FdL failed to file lists for the subsequent European Parliament election. In 1995 the party was joined by the Liberal Democratic Union,[5] whose leader Valerio Zanone was elected president,[6] replacing Antonio Baslini.[7] In the 1996 general election Zanone and Morelli sided the FdL with The Olive Tree[6] and, more specifically, with Democratic Union.[8] In the 1999 European Parliament election the party formed a joint list with the Italian Republican Party.[9] In both cases no Liberals were elected. In the 2001 general election the FdL sided with Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy (DL). Zanone, a keen supporter of that alliance, joined DL's national board in 2002[10][11] and was elected to the Senate in the 2006 general election,[12][13] while Morelli was more critical. The majority of the party sided with the latter, but the final fracture with Zanone happened only in 2005. In the meantime, in the 2004 European Parliament election the FdL had formed joint lists with the Federation of Liberal Democrats. After that, the party, which is still active and more recently took part in European Choice for the 2014 European Parliament election,[14][15] has suffered a steady decline. Leadership
References1. ^{{cite book|author1=Luciano Bardi| author2=Piero Ignazi|chapter=The Italian Party System: The Effective Magnitude of an Earthquake|editor1=Piero Ignazi|editor2=Colette Ysmal|title=The Organization of Political Parties in Southern Europe|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dJujgAT1s8AC&pg=PA102|year= 1998|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-275-95612-7|page=102}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/1994/02/07/anche-il-pli-si-scioglie.html |title=ANCHE IL PLI SI SCIOGLIE - la Repubblica.it |language=it |publisher=Ricerca.repubblica.it |date=1994-02-07 |accessdate=2014-07-16}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/1994/07/24/pli-congresso-non-solo.html?ref=search |title=Pli A Congresso ' Non C' E' Solo Forza Italia ... ' - La Repubblica.It |language=it |publisher=Ricerca.repubblica.it |date=1994-07-24 |accessdate=2014-07-16}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/1994/07/25/il-nuovo-partito-liberale-morelli-eletto-segretario.html |title=Il Nuovo Partito Liberale Morelli Eletto Segretario - La Repubblica.It |language=it |publisher=Ricerca.repubblica.it |date=1994-07-25 |accessdate=2014-07-16}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.europe-politique.eu/wiki/Unione_Liberaldemocratica_%28ULD%29 |title=Unione Liberaldemocratica (ULD) - Europe Politique |language=fr |publisher=Europe-politique.eu |date= |accessdate=2014-07-16}} 6. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/1995/02/06/liberali-stanno-con-romano.html?ref=search |title=' I LIBERALI STANNO CON ROMANO' - la Repubblica.it |language=it |publisher=Ricerca.repubblica.it |date=1995-02-06 |accessdate=2014-07-16}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://archiviostorico.corriere.it/1995/marzo/27/Addio_Baslini_padre_del_divorzio_co_0_95032714119.shtml |title=Addio a Baslini, " padre " del divorzio |publisher=Archiviostorico.corriere.it |date= |accessdate=2014-07-16}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/1996/03/03/liberali-si-dividono-ancora.html?ref=search |title=I LIBERALI SI DIVIDONO ANCORA - la Repubblica.it |language=it |publisher=Ricerca.repubblica.it |date=1996-03-03 |accessdate=2014-07-16}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://archiviostorico.corriere.it/1999/aprile/21/Malfa_Zanone_coppia_alla_consultazione_co_0_990421359.shtml |title=La Malfa e Zanone in coppia alla consultazione del 13 giugno |publisher=Archiviostorico.corriere.it |date= |accessdate=2014-07-16}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://web.tiscali.it/leonforte/org_marg.htm |title='+' |publisher=Web.tiscali.it |date= |accessdate=2014-07-16}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/valerio-zanone/ |title=Valerio Zanone nell’Enciclopedia Treccani |publisher=Treccani.it |date= |accessdate=2014-07-16}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://archiviostorico.corriere.it/2006/febbraio/19/Zanone_Rutelli_Stato_non_etico_co_9_060219042.shtml |title=Zanone a Rutelli: lo Stato non è etico, deve essere laico |publisher=Archiviostorico.corriere.it |date= |accessdate=2014-07-16}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.senato.it/leg/15/BGT/Schede/Attsen/00002548.htm |title=Scheda di attività di Valerio ZANONE - XV Legislatura |publisher=senato.it |date= |accessdate=2014-07-16}} 14. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.formiche.net/2014/03/04/verhofstadt-liberali-alde-prodi-monti/ |title=Ecco la lista arcobaleno degli ultra liberal-europeisti che (con Prodi e montiani doc) sfidano Popolari e Socialisti |publisher=Formiche |date= |accessdate=2014-07-16}} 15. ^http://www.termometropolitico.it/110027_esclusiva-enrico-ali-europee-sostegno-scelta-civica.html External links
6 : Political parties in Italy|1994 establishments in Italy|Centrist parties in Italy|Liberal parties in Italy|Political parties established in 1994|Social liberal parties |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。