| 词条 | The Victors |
| 释义 |
| title = The Victors | transcription = | english_title = | alt_title = "Hail to the Victors" | en_alt_title = | alt_title_2 = | en_alt_title_2 = | image = The Victors (sheet music).jpg | image_size = | caption = Sheet music cover | prefix = Fight | type = song | country = the {{Flagicon image|Flag of the University of Michigan.gif}} University of Michigan | lyrics_date = 1898 | author = Louis Elbel | composer = Louis Elbel | music_date = 1898 | adopted = | until = | sound = The Victors March (1914) - Victor 17672-A.ogg | sound_title = }} "The Victors"[1] is the fight song of the University of Michigan (UM) written and composed by UM student Louis Elbel in 1898. The song was first played publicly by John Philip Sousa and his band. An abbreviated version of the fight song, based on the final refrain, is played after the football team either scores or makes a decisive defence play, such as an interception. Its full lyrics span several verses that run of more than two-minute duration. The melody of the fight song is very similar to the trio section from "The Spirit of Liberty March", published seven months earlier by Tin Pan Alley composer George "Rosey" Rosenberg. The phrase "champions of the West" is often misunderstood; it is a reference to Michigan's membership in the Western Conference, later renamed the Big Ten. After Michigan temporarily withdrew from the Western Conference in 1907, a new Michigan fight song "Varsity" was written in 1911 because the line "champions of the West" was no longer relevant.[2] "The Victors" is considered one of the top fight songs ever written and considered the first significant fight song to be written. The fight song is written as a military march format.[1] HistoryPreviously, the song "There'll Be a Hot Time in the Old Town Tonight" was perceived as the school's fight song.[2] "The Victors" was composed by UM student Louis Elbel in 1898 following the last-minute victory over the University of Chicago that clinched a Western Conference championship on Thanksgiving at Chicago's Stagg Field.[3][4] Singing "There'll Be a Hot Time in the Old Town Tonight" after the game, Elbel felt the event should be "dignified by something more elevating for this was no ordinary victory."[4] Elbel wrote the song on the train ride back to Ann Arbor.[1] He copyrighted the tune in early 1899.[5] Elbel and a student orchestra played the first public performance on April 5, 1899 during A Night Off on-campus undergraduate musical with the audience requesting an encore.[1] Elbel had the words arranged and approached John Philip Sousa. Officially, the University held that the song was first performed in public on April 8, 1899 by Sousa and his band. Sousa is said to have called "The Victors" "the greatest college fight song ever written".[1][4] After Michigan temporarily withdrew from the Western Conference in 1907, a new Michigan fight song "Varsity" was written in 1911 because the line "champions of the West" was no longer appropriate.[6] Both songs were highly popular, and with Michigan's reentry to the Western Conference in 1917, followed by an undefeated football season in 1918,[7] the lyrics to "The Victors" became apt once again.{{citation needed|date=October 2016}} During World War I, both German and French military bands played the song. The U.S. 125th Infantry Band played the song in 1918 as Michigan troops entered captured Germany.[1] In the 1920s, an alternate set of lyrics were penned by an unknown author.[1] Elbel returned for Michigan's Homecoming yearly to lead the band in playing "The Victors" until his death in 1959. In 1961, the Michigan Band went on a world tour in 31 countries with "The Victors" as a selection played.[1] Controversy arose over whether or not Elbel swiped the song. In 1983, U-M Marching Band alumnus George Anderson found that the song's trio was nearly the same as "The Spirit of Liberty March", which was copyrighted in 1898. Jim Henriksen, another band alumnus, wrote "The Authorship of The Victors March" paper covering the various theories about the similarities indicating that none would be proved to be true. U-M Band Alumni past president Joseph Dobos considered Elbel the only author, which received support from Bill Studwell, author of "College Fight Songs: An Annotated Anthology", as many composers borrowed from each other. Dobos also wrote the "Did Louis Elbel Write The Victors?" essay for the Band Alumni publication M-Fanfare fall 2007 issue indicating that Victors was more "tightly composed" than "Spirit" and was a "circus" march while "Spirit" was a "two-step".[5] John Kryk found the alternative lyrics in a University of Michigan Athletic file doing research for a book published in 2004.[1] The University started using a softer version in its TV commercials for U-M Health System starting in 2008.[5] The University's Flint branch campus selected "The Victors" as their sports nickname in an unofficial student vote in 2008.[8][9][10] See also{{Portal|Michigan|Music}}
References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Who's No. 1? Fight Songs". Excerpt from {{cite book |first=John |last=Kryk |title=Natural Enemies: Major College Football's Oldest, Fiercest Rivalry—Michigan vs. Notre Dame |location=Lanham, MD |publisher=Taylor Trade Pub |year=2004 |pages=242-245}} 2. ^1 {{cite news |last1=Dickson |first1=James |title=Talk of the Town: Hail to the Victors – a borrowed song? |url=http://www.annarbor.com/entertainment/the-deuce/talk-of-the-town-classic-u-m-songs-in-retrospect/ |accessdate=September 5, 2017 |work=AnnArbor.com |publisher=Mlive Media Group |date=November 4, 2009}} 3. ^{{cite web |last=Shaker |first=Clay |date=September 21, 1998 |url=http://www.pub.umich.edu/daily/1998/sep/09-21-98/news/news10.html |title='The Victors!' turns 100 years old |work=The Michigan Daily |accessdate=March 6, 2007 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070213074801/http://www.pub.umich.edu/daily/1998/sep/09-21-98/news/news10.html |archivedate=February 13, 2007}} 4. ^1 2 3 {{cite news |last1=Siegel |first1=Alan |title=The 10 best fight songs in college football of 2014 |url=http://fanindex.usatoday.com/2014/09/01/the-10-best-fight-songs-in-college-football/ |accessdate=September 30, 2016 |department=Fan Index |work=USA Today |date=September 1, 2014}} 5. ^1 2 {{cite news |last=Leslie |first=Dale |url=http://blog.mlive.com/annarbornews_opinion/2008/08/whose_victors_did_louis_elbel.html |title=Whose Victors? Did Louis Elbel Copy Part of Another March? |work=Ann Arbor News |date=August 31, 2008}} 6. ^{{cite web |title=The Eugene Fischer Years: 1906–1914 |url=http://mmb.music.umich.edu/node/43351 |author=Michigan Marching Band |publisher=Regents of the University of Michigan |accessdate=April 9, 2012}} 7. ^Bentley Historical Library, University of Michigan Athletics History 1918 Football Team 8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.mlive.com/flintjournal/index.ssf/2008/09/sports_talk_at_university_of_m.html |title=Sports talk at University of Michigan–Flint sparks more mascot consideration |accessdate=October 29, 2008 |author= |last=Mostafavi |first=Beata |authorlink= |coauthors= |date=September 22, 2008 |work=Flint Journal | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090517100159/http://www.mlive.com/flintjournal/index.ssf/2008/09/sports_talk_at_university_of_m.html |archivedate=May 17, 2009}} 9. ^{{cite news |last=Morland |first=Mike |title=U-M-Flint closer to selecting mascot |url=http://www.ur.umich.edu/0708/Apr28_08/15.php |accessdate=April 9, 2012 |newspaper=University Record Online |date=May 28, 2008}} 10. ^{{cite news |last=Shoup |first=Allison |title='Victors' not yet a sure thing |url=http://www.themichigantimes.com/index.php/article/2008/04/victors_not_yet_a_sure_thing |accessdate=April 9, 2012 |newspaper=The Michigan Times |date=April 25, 2008 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812205405/http://www.themichigantimes.com/index.php/article/2008/04/victors_not_yet_a_sure_thing |archivedate=August 12, 2014 |df=}} 11. ^{{cite news |last=Ransom |first=Kevin |title=Pop Evil bringing Michigan football anthem 'In the Big House' to Blind Pig |url=http://www.annarbor.com/entertainment/pop-evil/ |accessdate=April 9, 2012 |newspaper=AnnArbor.com |date=November 14, 2011}} 12. ^1 {{cite news |last1=Daughters |first1=Amy |title=Ranking the Top 50 College Football Fight Songs |url=http://bleacherreport.com/articles/891006-power-ranking-the-top-50-college-football-fight-songs/page/51 |accessdate=October 1, 2016 |work=Bleacher Report |publisher=Turner Sports |date=October 12, 2011}} 13. ^{{cite news |last1=Siegel |first1=Alan |title=The top 10 fight songs in college football |url=http://fanindex.usatoday.com/2015/10/24/the-top-10-fight-songs-in-college-football/ |accessdate=September 30, 2016 |department=Fan Index |work=USA Today |date=October 24, 2015}} 14. ^{{cite news |last1=Huguenin |first1=Mike |title=15 for '15: College football's best fight songs |url=http://www.nfl.com/photoessays/0ap3000000498240/15-for-15-college-footballs-best-fight-songs |accessdate=October 1, 2016 |publisher=National Football League |date=June 23, 2015}} 15. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.med.umich.edu/michigandifference/ |title=The Michigan Difference |publisher=University of Michigan Health System |accessdate=June 18, 2009}} 16. ^{{cite book |title=The Press and the Ford Presidency |last=Rozell |first=Mark J. |date=October 15, 1992 |publisher=University of Michigan Press |isbn=0-472-10350-4 |page=38}}. 17. ^{{cite news |first=Anne E. |last=Kornblut |title=Ford Arranged His Funeral to Reflect Himself and Drew in a Former Adversary |work=The New York Times |date=December 29, 2006}} External links
3 : Big Ten Conference fight songs|University of Michigan|1898 songs |
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