| 词条 | Thileepan |
| 释义 |
| honorific_prefix = Lt. Colonel | name = Thileepan | honorific_suffix = | native_name = திலீபன் | native_name_lang = ta | image = Thileepan (Rasaiah Parthipan).jpg | image_size = | alt = | caption = | birth_name = R. Parthipan | birth_date = {{Birth date|1963|11|29|df=y}} | birth_place = | death_date = {{Death date and age|1987|09|26|1963|11|29|df=yes}} | death_place = Nallur, Sri Lanka | residence = | nationality = | other_names = Amirthalingam Thileepan | citizenship = | education = | alma_mater = | occupation = | years_active = 1983 –1987 | organization = Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam | known_for = | title = | term = | predecessor = | successor = | party = | spouse = | partner = | children = | parents = | relatives = | signature = | signature_alt = | signature_size = | website = | footnotes = }}Rasaiah Parthipan ({{lang-ta|இராசையா பார்த்திபன்}}; 29 November 1963 – 26 September 1987; commonly known by the nom de guerre Thileepan) was a Sri Lankan Tamil rebel and member of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), a separatist Tamil militant organisation in Sri Lanka. He died while on hunger strike.[1][2][3][4][5] Early life and familyParthipan was born on 29 November 1963.[6]{{Efn|Another source gives Parthipan's date of birth as 27 November 1963[7] whilst another gives his year of birth as 1962.[8]}} He was from Urelu near Urumpirai in northern Ceylon.[9] His father was a Tamil teacher and had three older brothers.[9] His mother died when Parthipan was three months old.[9] After his father died of diabetes he was brought up by his brothers.[9] He was educated at Jaffna Hindu College.[7][8][9] After school he joined the University of Jaffna.[7][9] LTTEParthipan joined the militant Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) prior to the 1983 Black July anti-Tamil riots.[8] He was given the nom de guerre Thileepan. Injured in the stomach in May 1987 during the Vadamarachchi Operation (Operation Liberation), he became the LTTE's political leader for Jaffna peninsula.[10][11] As hostilities increased in northern Sri Lanka, the LTTE handed over a letter to the Indian High Commissioner on 13 September 1987 making five demands: the release of all political prisoners held under the Prevention of Terrorism Act and emergency regulations; cessation of Sinhalese colonisation of Tamil areas under the guise of "rehabilitation"; cessation of all "rehabilitation" activities until the establishment of the Interim Administrative Council; cessation of construction of police stations the Northern and Eastern provinces; and disarmament of Home Guards and withdrawal of the army/police from schools and colleges.[12][13][14]{{Efn|Sri Lankan sources falsely claim that Thileepan's hunger strike was a protest against the presence of the Indian Peace Keeping Force in Sri Lanka.[15][16]}} The demands were aimed at the Indians rather than the Sri Lankan government because the LTTE believed that Indians could force the Sri Lankans to comply.[14] The LTTE gave the Indians 24 hours to respond but no response, or even an acknowledgement, was received.[12] Determined to make the Indians meet the demands, Thileepan began a hunger strike on 15 September 1987 in front of Nallur Kandaswamy Temple.[13][17][18] Thileepan gave speeches which were broadcast on Nidharshanam, the LTTE's TV stations.[10][11] People from all over Jaffna peninsula to observe and participate in the hunger strike.[10][11] On 22 September 1987 Indian High Commissioner J. N. Dixit arrived at Palaly Airport and was met by LTTE leader V. Prabhakaran who wanted Dixit to go and see Thileepan.[11] Dixit wanted a written guarantee from Prabhakaran that Thileepan would end his hunger strike if Dixit met him but Prabhakaran couldn't give the guarantee.[11] As his condition deteriorated, Thileepan stopped giving speeches.[10] After refusing food or water for 12 days, Thileepan died on 26 September 1987.[13][19][20][21] After a "martyr's funeral" in Jaffna, Thileepan's body was handed over to the University of Jaffna's medical faculty.[10] Thileepan's death resulted in large anti-government and anti-Indian protests in northern Sri Lanka.[13][19][14] A statue of Thileepan was built behind Nallur Kandaswamy Temple in 1988.[22][23] After the Sri Lankan military re-captured the Valikamam region in 1996 they destroyed the statue.[22][23] The statue was re-built in 2003 during the Norwegian mediated Cease Fire Agreement.[24] After war resumed, Thileepan's photograph and decorative lamps at the statue were damaged by the army on 26 October 2006.[22][23] Thileepan's statue was attacked and destroyed by armed men on 18 November 2007.[22] The remnants of Thileepan's memorial, the pillar, was destroyed by the army on 21 March 2010.[23] Notes{{Notelist}}References1. ^{{cite book|last1=K. M. de Silva|first1=K. M. de Silva|authorlink1=K. M. de Silva|title=Regional Powers and Small State Security: India and Sri Lanka, 1977-1990|date=1995|publisher=Woodrow Wilson Center Press|isbn=0-8018-5149-1|page=258}} 2. ^{{cite book|last1=Cummings|first1=Joe|last2=Cannon|first2=Teresa|last3=Elliott|first3=Mark|last4=Ver Berkmoes|first4=Ryan|title=Sri Lanka|date=2006|publisher=Lonely Planet|page=309|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pq9XaJuzwkQC}} 3. ^{{cite news|last1=Balachandran|first1=P. K.|title=Former LTTE Militants To Contest Polls As 'Crusaders For Democracy'|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/world/Former-LTTE-Militants-To-Contest-Polls-As-Crusaders-For-Democracy/2015/07/03/article2900486.ece|work=The New Indian Express|date=3 July 2015}} 4. ^{{cite journal|last1=Subramanian|first1=T. S.|title=Unravelling the plot|journal=Frontline|date=7 February 1998|volume=15|issue=3}} 5. ^{{cite news|last1=Furlong|first1=Ray|title=amil hunger strike in third week|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/8015199.stm|work=BBC News|date=23 April 2009}} 6. ^{{cite book|last=Arumugam|first=S.|title=Dictionary of Biography of the Tamils of Ceylon|url=http://noolaham.net/project/19/1810/1810.pdf|year=1997|page=230|authorlink=S. Arumugam}} 7. ^1 2 {{cite news|title=Thileepan's 16th death anniversary to be commemorated|url=https://www.tamilnet.com/art.html?catid=13&artid=9873|work=TamilNet|date=4 September 2003}} 8. ^1 2 {{cite book|last1=Mehta|first1=Raj K.|title=Lost Victory: The Rise & Fall of LTTE Supremo, V. Prabhakaran|date=2010|publisher=Pentagon Press|isbn=978-81-8274-443-1|page=176|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WyRZKMxTPXsC}} 9. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite news|last1=Wijerathna|first1=Arunadale|last2=Kulasuriya|first2=Madhawa|title=Was Thileepan killed to make him a martyr?|url=http://www.ceylontoday.lk/90-91041-news-detail-was-thileepan-killed-to-make-him-a-martyr.html|work=Ceylon Today|date=26 April 2015}} 10. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite book|last=Rajasingham|first=K. T.|title=Sri Lanka: The Untold Story|url=http://www.atimes.com/ind-pak/DD13Df02.html|chapter=Chapter 35: Accord turns to discord}} 11. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite book|last1=Bhattacharya|first1=Samir|title=Nothing But! - Book Five: All is Fair in Love and War|date=2014|publisher=Partridge Publishing|isbn=978-1-4828-1733-1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ndIAAwAAQBAJ|chapter=Chapter 7: Caught in a Tangled Web}} 12. ^1 {{cite web|last1=Sabesan|title=Message of Sacrifice - 19 Years On...|url=http://sangam.org/taraki/articles/2006/09-26_Thileepan.php?uid=1970|publisher=Ilankai Tamil Sangam}} 13. ^1 2 3 {{cite news|title=Tamil Rebel Dies After 12-Day Fast; Crowds Press Demands|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1987-09-27/news/mn-10642_1_tamil-rebel|work=Los Angeles Times|agency=United Press International|date=27 September 1987}} 14. ^1 2 {{cite book|last1=Lahiri|first1=Simanti|title=Suicide Protest in South Asia: Consumed by Commitment|date=2014|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-415-82099-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kzVEAwAAQBAJ}} 15. ^{{cite news|title=More and more and more|url=http://www.sundaytimes.lk/040919/columns/political.html|work=The Sunday Times (Sri Lanka)|date=19 September 2004}} 16. ^{{cite news|last1=Weerakkody|first1= Kalinga|title=Students compelled to join LTTE hartal|url=http://www.island.lk/2002/09/28/news05.html|work=The Island (Sri Lanka)|date=28 September 2002}} 17. ^{{cite book|last1=Krishna|first1=Sankaran|title=Postcolonial Insecurities: India, Sri Lanka, and the Question of Nationhood|date=1999|publisher=University of Minnesota Press|isbn=0-8166-3329-0|page=179|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_Xq4GnaraYUC}} 18. ^{{cite news|title=LTTE leader pays homage to Thileepan, Sankar|url=http://www.tamilnet.com/art.html?artid=27035&catid=13|work=TamilNet|date=26 September 2008}} 19. ^1 {{cite news|title=A Tamil Separatist Leader Dies in Protest Fast|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/09/27/world/a-tamil-separatist-leader-dies-in-protest-fast.html|work=The New York Times|date=27 September 1987}} 20. ^{{cite book|last1=Murari|first1=S.|title=The Prabhakaran Saga: The Rise and Fall of an Eelam Warrior|date=2012|publisher=SAGE Publications|isbn=978-81-321-0701-9|page=39|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P9-GAwAAQBAJ}} 21. ^{{cite news|last1=Sri-Skanda-Rajah|first1=Usha S.|title=Thileepan: The Reckoning That Non-Violence Didn’t Stand A Chance|url=https://www.colombotelegraph.com/index.php/thileepan-the-reckoning-that-non-violence-didnt-stand-a-chance/|work=Colombo Telegraph|date=26 September 2015}} 22. ^1 2 3 {{cite news|title=Thileepan statue destroyed in Nalloor, Jaffna|url=https://www.tamilnet.com/art.html?catid=13&artid=23818|work=TamilNet|issue=20 November 2007}} 23. ^1 2 3 {{cite news|title=Sinhalese soldiers, hooligans destroy Thileepan memorial in Jaffna|url=https://www.tamilnet.com/art.html?catid=13&artid=31414|work=TamilNet|date=23 March 2010}} 24. ^{{cite news|title=Lt. Col. Thileepan memorial re-opened in Nallur|url=https://www.tamilnet.com/art.html?catid=13&artid=9722|work=TamilNet|issue=25 August 2003}} External links
7 : 1963 births|1987 deaths|Alumni of Jaffna Hindu College|Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam members|People from Northern Province, Sri Lanka|People who died on hunger strike|Sri Lankan Tamil rebels |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。