| 词条 | Thyamis |
| 释义 |
| name = Thyamis | image = Kalamas.jpg | subdivision_type1 = Country | subdivision_name1 = Greece | length = {{convert|115|km|abbr=on}} | mouth_location = Ionian Sea | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|39|35|12|N|20|8|32|E|display=inline,title}} | basin_size = about {{convert|1900|km2|abbr=on}} }} The Thyamis ({{lang-el|Θύαμις}}), also known as Glykys (Γλυκύς)[1] or Kalamas (Καλαμάς),[2][3] is a river in the Epirus region of Greece. It flows into the Ionian Sea.It is {{convert|115|km|mi|abbr=on}} long,[3][3] and its drainage area is about {{convert|1900|km2|abbr=on}}, over 99% of which on Greek territory.[4] The names of the Chameria region (Tsamouria in Greek), as well as the former Cham minority, derive from the river's name. Thyamis in ancient Greece was mentioned by Pausanias[5] as forming the boundary between Thesprotis and Kestrine.[6][7] Some Renaissance scholars believed that the English River Thames owed its name to the River Thyamis, as early Celtic tribes were thought to have migrated from the Epirus region to England. While this belief influenced the modern spelling of the English river's name, it is no longer regarded as credible. GeographyThe source of the river is near the village Kalpaki, in the northwestern part of the Ioannina regional unit. It flows south at first, and turns southwest near Soulopoulo. It receives its tributary Tyria near Vrosina, and turns west near Kyparisso in Thesprotia, where the hydroelectric dam is located. It empties into the Ionian Sea near the village Kestrini, between Igoumenitsa and Sagiada, close to the Albanian border. Places along the river include, from source to mouth: Mazaraki, Soulopoulo, Vrosina, Raveni, Pente Ekklisies, Kyparisso, Parapotamos and Kestrini. During the interwar period of the 20th century, Albanian speaking villages of the Thyamis delta and river basin were small and scattered compared to the upland larger Greek villages of the hilly area to the north.[8] EnvironmentThyamis forms a river delta where it empties in the Ionian Sea, north of Igoumenitsa. The delta is known for being rich in flora and migrating birds stop in its waters for food and rest. The river, however, has suffered from environmental degradation for decades, due to uncontrolled human activities (farming activity, urban and industrial effluents and waste, lack of management plan and poor coordination of competent authorities for its protection). See also
References1. ^Strabo. Geography, 7.7. Note #35: "The Thyamus, or Thyamis, is now called Glycys, and the Acheron, Calamas." 2. ^Peck, Harry Thurston. Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, 1898, p. 1579. "(Thuamis). Now Kalama; a river in Epirus, forming the boundary between Thesprotia and the district of Cestryna." 3. ^Greece in Figures January - March 2018, p. 12 4. ^1 2 Preliminary Flood Risk Assessment, Ministry of Environment, Energy and Climate Change, p. 54 5. ^Pausanias. Description of Greece, Attica, 1.11.2. "Helenus on his death passed on the kingdom to Molossus, son of Pyrrhus, so that Cestrinus with volunteers from the Epeirots took possession of the region beyond the river Thyamis, while Pergamus crossed into Asia and killed Areius..." 6. ^Finley, M. I. The Portable Greek Historians: The Essence of Herodotus, Thucydides, Xenophon, Polybius. Viking Portable Library, 1977, p. 220: "There also the river Thyamis flows, forming the boundary between Thesprotis and Kes-trine..." 7. ^Pliny the Elder. Natural History, 4.1.2, "the Thyamis, a river of Thesprotia..." 8. ^{{cite book|last=Hammond|first=Nicholas Geoffrey Lemprière|title=Epirus: the Geography, the Ancient Remains, the History and Topography of Epirus and Adjacent Areas|year=1967|location=Oxford|publisher=Clarendon Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?redir_esc=y&id=gI5QjgEACAAJ&dq=Epirus%3A+the+Geography%2C+the+Ancient+Remains&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=scattered+Albanian-speaking+villages+of+the+Kalamas+basin|isbn=9780198142539|pages=89-90|ref=harv}} "The greater part of the canton of Filiates lies north of the lower Kalamas. It is contained between the river and its northern watershed, along which the present frontier runs between Greece and Albania. There is little fertile land except in the delta and the inner basin of the Kalamas. The northern part of the canton is broken up by a tangle of mountain peaks, and i found it difficult to traverse.... In contrast to the Albanian-speaking villages of the Kalamas delta and basin, these villages are Greek in speech and outlook,.... The other villages have on average some 200 houses, and they are considerably larger than the scattered Albanian-speaking villages of the Kalamas basin." External links
5 : Landforms of Thesprotia|Rivers of Greece|Landforms of Ioannina (regional unit)|Rivers of Epirus (region)|Thyamis basin |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。