| 词条 | Tit hylia |
| 释义 |
| image = Tit Hylia near Kakum NP, Ghana 14 S4E1759 (16012759969).jpg | status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = [1] | genus = Pholidornis | parent_authority = Hartlaub, 1857 | species = rushiae | authority = (Cassin, 1855) }} The tit hylia (Pholidornis rushiae) is a species of bird in the Cettiidae family. It is monotypic within the genus Pholidornis. The species is found in rainforest in West and Central Africa. TaxonomyThe tit hylia was described by John Cassin in 1855 as Diceum Rushiæ based on a specimen collected from present-day Gabon. It was placed in the genus Pholidornis by Gustav Hartlaub two years later.[2] Its generic name is derived from the Ancient Greek pholidos for scale and ornis for bird.[2] Distribution and habitatIt is found in Angola, Benin, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Togo, and Uganda. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. DescriptionAt {{convert|8|cm|in|abbr=on}} long, it is perhaps the smallest bird native to Africa. This species has a pale buff chest and head overlaid with heavy brown streaking. From the lower breast down to the rump, this bird is bright yellow. The legs are a bright orange color. Juveniles are less colorful and less heavily streaked.[3] Due to its small size it sometimes gets trapped in spider webs.[2] BehaviourFeedingThe tit hylia is a bird of the upper and middle canopy, usually foraging from {{convert|5|–|15|m|ft|abbr=on}} from the forest floor and rarely coming lower. It is social, feeding in small flocks of up to seven birds (although very rarely with other species). It feeds on insects, with scale insects (family Coccoidea) being an important part of the diet.[2] BreedingThe tit hylia is a monogamous breeder, and a report from Angola has suggested that it may engage in cooperative breeding as well. The round nest, built by the pair or group, is large, {{convert|15|cm|in|abbr=on}} across, and is made of plant fibres. The entrance is a spout hanging from the bottom. The nest is situated {{convert|3|–|20|m|ft|abbr=on}} up a tree. The nests are well made and strongly bound to the branches they are found on. Two eggs are laid, although there is no information about the incubation, up to four adults have been reported feeding the chicks, and the nest is used for roosting after the breeding season.[4] References1. ^{{IUCN|id=22711688 |title=Pholidornis rushiae |assessor=BirdLife International |assessor-link=BirdLife International |version=2013.2 |year=2012 |accessdate=26 November 2013}} {{Cettiidae}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q2490422}}{{DEFAULTSORT:hylia, tit}}2. ^Jobling, J. A. (2018). [https://www.hbw.com/dictionary/key-to-scientific-names-in-ornithology?name=Pholidornis Key to Scientific Names in Ornithology]. In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.) (2018). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (retrieved from www.hbw.com). 3. ^Field Guide to the Birds of East Africa: Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi by Stevenson & Fanshawe. Elsevier Science (2001), {{ISBN|978-0856610790}} 4. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | last1=Madge| first1=S. |editor1-last=del Hoyo |editor1-first=Josep |editor2-last=Elliott |editor2-first=Andrew |editor3-last=Sargatal |editor3-first=Jordi |editor4-last=Christie |editor4-first=David A |editor5-last=de Juana |editor5-first=Eduardo |year=2019 |title= Tit-hylia (Pholidornis rushiae). |work=Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive |url=https://www.hbw.com/species/tit-hylia-pholidornis-rushiae |publisher=Lynx Edicions |location=Barcelona |accessdate=11 February 2019 |subscription=true}} 6 : Cettiidae|Birds of the Gulf of Guinea|Birds of Central Africa|Birds of West Africa|Birds described in 1855|Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
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