| 词条 | Tolmetin |
| 释义 |
| Verifiedfields = changed | verifiedrevid = 470611535 | IUPAC_name = [1-methyl-5-(4-methylbenzoyl)-1H-pyrrol-2-yl]acetic acid | image = Tolmetin Structural Formulae.png | alt = Skeletal formula | image2 = Tolmetin-3D-spacefill.png | alt2 = Space-filling model | tradename = Tolectin | Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|monograph|tolectin}} | MedlinePlus = a681033 | pregnancy_category = | legal_AU = S4 | legal_status = | routes_of_administration = oral | bioavailability = | protein_bound = | metabolism = | elimination_half-life = 1-2 hours, next phase up to 5 hours | excretion = | IUPHAR_ligand = 7311 | CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}} | CAS_number = 26171-23-3 | ATC_prefix = M01 | ATC_suffix = AB03 | ATC_supplemental = {{ATC|M02|AA21}} | PubChem = 5509 | DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}} | DrugBank = DB00500 | ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} | ChemSpiderID = 5308 | ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}} | ChEBI = 71941 | UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} | UNII = D8K2JPN18B | KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}} | KEGG = D02355 | ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} | ChEMBL = 1020 | C=15 | H=15 | N=1 | O=3 | molecular_weight = 257.285 g/mol | smiles = O=C(c1ccc(n1C)CC(=O)O)c2ccc(cc2)C | StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChI = 1S/C15H15NO3/c1-10-3-5-11(6-4-10)15(19)13-8-7-12(16(13)2)9-14(17)18/h3-8H,9H2,1-2H3,(H,17,18) | StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChIKey = UPSPUYADGBWSHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N }} Tolmetin {{IPAc-en|ˈ|t|ɒ|l|m|ə|t|ᵻ|n}} is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) of the heterocyclic acetic acid derivative class. It is used primarily to reduce hormones that cause pain, swelling, tenderness, and stiffness in conditions such as osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, including juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. In the United States it is marketed as Tolectin and comes as a tablet or capsule. Clinical trialsTolmetin is applicable in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis,[1][2] osteoarthrosis,[3][4] pain,[5] and ankylosing spondylitis.[6] Mechanism of actionAlthough the mechanism of action of tolmetin is unknown, research involving humans and animals has shown that tolmetin does not achieve anti-inflammatory response by stimulation of the adrenal or pituitary gland, but it has shown tolmetin restrains prostaglandin synthetase in vitro and reduces plasma levels of prostaglandin E, possibly causing the anti-inflammatory response. When tested in rats tolmetin prevented experimentally stimulated polyarthritis and reduced inflammation. In patients with rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis tolmetin restrained disease activity as efficiently as aspirin and indometacin, although the occurrence of mild gastrointestinal adverse effects and tinnitus was lower in patients treated with tolmetin than it was with aspirin-treated patients and the occurrence of adverse effects of the central nervous system was lower with tolmetin than it was with indometacin.[7] Side effectsTolmetin can increase the risk of heart or circulatory conditions such as heart attacks and strokes. It should not be taken shortly before or after coronary artery bypass surgery.[8] Tolmetin can also increase the risk of gastrointestinal conditions such as perforation or bleeding, which is fatal. Antacids can be taken with tolmetin to relieve stomachaches that often occur.[8] Overdose can result in drowsiness, nausea, epigastric pain, and vomiting. References1. ^{{Cite journal | title = Tolmetin sodium, a new anti-arthritis drug: double-blind and long-term studies | author = Cordrey L J | journal = Journal of the American Geriatrics Society | year = 1976 | volume = 24 | issue = 10 | pages = 440–446 | pmid = 61224 | doi = 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1976.tb03256.x}} {{Anti-inflammatory and antirheumatic products}}{{Topical products for joint and muscular pain}}{{Prostanoidergics}}2. ^{{cite journal | title = A double-blind crossover comparison of tolmetin sodium and phenylbutazone in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis | author = Cardoe N; Steele C E | journal = Current Medical Research and Opinion | year = 1976–1977 | volume = 4 | issue = 10 | pages = 688–694 | pmid = 800970 | doi=10.1185/03007997609112003}} 3. ^{{cite journal | author = Liyanage S P; Steele C E | title = Tolmetin in osteoarthrosis of the hip and knee: double-blind crossover trials | journal = Current Medical Research and Opinion | year = 1977–1978 | volume = 5 | issue = 4 | pages = 299–305 | pmid = 343992 | doi = 10.1185/03007997709110184}} 4. ^{{cite journal | last1 = Davies | first1 = J | last2 = Dixon | first2 = AS | last3 = Steele | first3 = CE | title = Tolmetin sodium and indomethacin in the treatment of osteoarthrosis of the hip: a double-blind crossover study | journal = Current Medical Research and Opinion | volume = 7 | issue = 2 | pages = 115–20 | year = 1980 | pmid = 7002480 | doi = 10.1185/03007998009112037}} 5. ^{{Cite journal | last1 = Stacher | first1 = G | last2 = Bauer | first2 = P | last3 = Ehn | first3 = I | last4 = Schreiber | first4 = E | title = Effects of tolmetin, paracetamol, and of two combinations of tolmetin and paracetamol as compared to placebo on experimentally induced pain. A double blind study | journal = International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Biopharmacy | volume = 17 | issue = 6 | pages = 250–5 | year = 1979 | pmid = 381221}} 6. ^{{cite journal | last1 = Calin | first1 = A | title = Clinical use of tolmetin sodium in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a review | journal = Journal of Clinical Pharmacology | volume = 23 | issue = 7 | pages = 301–8 | year = 1983 | pmid = 6350376 | doi=10.1002/j.1552-4604.1983.tb02740.x}} 7. ^{{cite web|title =Tolmetin|publisher = DrugBank|accessdate = 2007-07-02|url = http://redpoll.pharmacy.ualberta.ca/drugbank/cgi-bin/getCard.cgi?CARD=APRD01268}} 8. ^1 {{cite web|title =Tolmetin|publisher = MedlinePlus|accessdate = 2007-07-02|url = https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/medmaster/a681033.html |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070610084635/http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/medmaster/a681033.html |archivedate = 2007-06-10}} 4 : Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs|Pyrroles|Aromatic ketones|Acetic acids |
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