词条 | Tom Uglys Bridge |
释义 |
| bridge_name = Tom Uglys Bridge | native_name = | native_name_lang = | image = Tom ugly bridge.jpg | image_size = 250 | alt = | caption = The Pratt truss spans of the 1929 Tom Uglys Bridge, as viewed from the north | official_name = | other_name = | carries = Motor vehicles via six lanes of the Princes Highway (A36), pedestrians and bicycles | crosses = Georges River | locale = Southern Sydney, New South Wales, Australia | owner = Roads and Maritime Services | maint = | id = | id_type = | website = | architect = | designer = {{numbered list|Percy Allan|unknown}} | engineering = | winner = | contracted_designer = | design = {{numbered list|Pratt truss bridge|Box girder}} | material = {{numbered list|Steel|Concrete|}} | length = {{numbered list|{{convert|499|m|abbr=on}}|{{convert|570|m|abbr=on}}}} | width = | height = | mainspan = {{numbered list|{{convert|69.5|m|abbr=on}}||{{convert|70|m|abbr=on}}}} | spans = {{numbered list|9|9}} | pierswater = | load = | clearance = | below = | life = | builder = {{numbered list|State Monier Works|Citra Constructions}} | fabricator = {{numbered list|Lindapter International|unknown}} | begin = {{numbered list|February 1925|unknown}} | complete = {{numbered list|{{Start-date|26 April 1929}}|{{Start-date|17 October 1987}}}} | cost = | open = {{numbered list|{{Start-date|11 May 1929}}|{{Start-date|17 October 1987}}}} | inaugurated = | toll = {{numbered list|1929{{endash}}1952|no toll}} | traffic = | preceded = Alfords Point Bridge | followed = Captain Cook Bridge | heritage = {{numbered list|NSW Heritage Register|not listed}} | collapsed = | closed = | replaces = Tom Ugly's Punt | map_cue = | map_image = | map_alt = | map_text = | map_width = | coordinates = {{Coord|-34.00336111|151.1133778|format=dms|region:AU-NSW_type:landmark|display=inline,title}} | lat = | long = | extra = | references = [1][2][3][4][5] }} Tom Uglys Bridge is composed of two bridges, completed in 1929 and 1987, that cross Georges River in southern Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. The bridges link the St George area at Blakehurst to the Sutherland Shire at Sylvania. Tom Uglys Bridge is one of six major road crossings of Georges River. The 1929 Pratt truss bridge is listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register and carries three lanes of northbound vehicular traffic on the Princes Highway (A36). The 1987 concrete box girder bridge was built to the east of the older bridge and carries the three southbound lanes of the highway. Both bridges have shared bicycle and pedestrian pathways. Tom Uglys Point ferriesTenders were called to construct a punt for Tom Ugly's Point in 1864.[1] A hand operated punt service from Tom Uglys Point to Horse Rock Point commenced.[7] The ferry service was improved and expanded over the years. In 1882 a steam-driven ferry, guided by steel cables, was installed. It crossed the river in less than ten minutes. The punt was {{convert|54|ft|m|order=flip}} long, had an {{convert|11|ft|m|adj=on|order=flip}} wide roadway.[2] and was capable of carrying six horse-drawn vehicles. By 1898 a larger steam-driven ferry began operation. It was capable of carrying one hundred passengers and fifteen vehicles.[7] A new punt capable of carrying 28 vehicles and making the crossing in three minutes was installed in 1922.[3] By 1929 there were two cable ferries operating, and delays of several hours were experienced on weekends and public holidays. Description1929 bridgeFollowing a long campaign by local councils and motoring authorities, a New South Wales Government loan to Sutherland Shire Council was used to finance the replacement of one the punt services across the Georges River.[3] The Bill for the building of a bridge across the Georges River was introduced into New South Wales Parliament in 1923, and the foundation stone for the bridge was laid on 7 June 1924. The funds borrowed by Sutherland Shire Council were to be repaid by a bridge toll once it was opened. As use of the punt was free the bridge toll was controversial.[4] The crossing was first opened for traffic on 26 April 1929,[5] and officially opened by the Governor of New South Wales on 11 May 1929. It was known as the "George's River Bridge". The 1929 bridge consists of nine steel truss spans forming a total length of {{convert|499|m|ft}};[6][7] six spans were {{convert|69.5|m}} and three spans were {{convert|27.4|m}}.[8] The bridge was designed by Percy Allan who designed many bridges in New South Wales including the Pyrmont Bridge. When the bridge was opened it was the longest bridge in Australia.[9] The toll was collected on the Sylvania side of the bridge by toll collectors who stood on the road. On 31 May 1952 the tolls were removed[7] when the Council had repaid the loan to the NSW Government. In the late 1940s the lanes on the bridge were reconfigured to provide a third lane, and this allow the introduction of a tidal flow system (northbound in the morning and southbound in the evening), which continued until the second bridge was opened. Notwithstanding the creation of the third lane, by the mid 1960s congestion had grown to a significant level, especially on summer weekend afternoons. However it was not for another twenty years that funding was allocated by the New South Wales government for the design and construction of a duplicate bridge. In 2006, the 1929 steel truss bridge was repainted. The original lead paint was removed using a blasting process and an air extraction system was employed to safely remove airborne particles, protecting the environment as well as the workers.[6] The 1987 bridgeThe second bridge, which opened on 17 October 1987, also comprises nine spans (in order to place the piers in line with those of the first bridge) of three identical steel box girders, composite with a cast-in-place reinforced concrete deck; the major spans are {{convert|70|m}} in length with end spans of {{convert|50|m}}.[10] The new bridge was designed to carry four lanes of traffic. During repair work on the 1929 bridge, when it was temporarily closed to traffic, the 1987 bridge was configured both for one lane northbound and three lanes southbound. Features of both bridgesMost duplicate bridges are close together (like the dual bridges at Ryde) and parallel, allowing the form of the road approaches to continue. However, at Tom Uglys Point, the two bridges are not parallel. They are less than {{convert|5|m|ft}} apart at the northern end, but about {{convert|62|m|ft}} apart at the southern end. This avoids replication of the pair of tight curves on the southern approach to the 1929 bridge on the southern exit from the second bridge. On the southern side, between the two bridges, is a boat ramp, accessible from the northbound bridge approach. On the northern side a loop road allows drivers travelling south along the Princes Highway (A1) to avoid the bridge and return northwards along the highway. EtymologyTom Uglys Bridge took its name from the geographical feature at the northern end of the bridge, known as Tom Uglys Point. The point was known as Tom Uglys Point over 80 years prior to the construction of the bridge. At various times the bridge is incorrectly transcribed as Tom Ugly's Bridge. There are several theories about the origin of the name of the point.
The name was officially adopted to distinguish between the various subsequent bridges across Georges River, after the opening of the Captain Cook Bridge in 1965 and the Alfords Point Bridge in 1973.[15] GallerySee also{{stack|{{Portal|Bridges|New South Wales}}}}
Further reading
References1. ^{{Cite news|title=Tenders for Public Works and Supplies|newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article13089656|date=9 April 1864|accessdate=13 September 2010|publisher=National Library of Australia}} 2. ^{{Cite news|newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article13511075|title=Steam Punt for George's River|date=12 May 1882|accessdate=13 September 2010|publisher=National Library of Australia}} 3. ^{{Cite news|newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald|date=19 April 1922|title=The Punts: New and Enlarged }} 4. ^{{Cite web|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16550361|title=LOCAL GOVERNMENT. - THE SHIRES CONFERENCE. - The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954) - 16 May 1929|website=Trove|access-date=2016-11-07}} 5. ^{{Cite news|title=Bridge over George's River at Tom Ugly's Point opened for traffic|date=27 April 1929|newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald}} 6. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=http://www.rms.nsw.gov.au/roadprojects/projects/sydney_region/southern_sydney/tom_uglys_bridge/documents/tom_uglys_bridge_maintenance.pdf|type=PDF|title=Tom Ugly's Bridge: Maintenance works|work=Roads and Traffic Authority, New South Wales|date=|accessdate=}} 7. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=http://www.ozroads.com.au/NSW/Highways/Princes/history.htm|title=Princes Highway - History and Development|work=Ozroads|date=|accessdate=14 June 2014|publisher= }} 8. ^1 {{cite web|title=Tom Ugly's Bridge|work=Structurae|url=http://structurae.net/structures/data/index.cfm?id=s0008072|accessdate=14 June 2014}} 9. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.rta.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/index.cgi?action=heritage.show&id=4301677|title=Tom Uglys Bridge over the Georges River (1929)|work=Heritage and conservation register|publisher=Roads and Traffic Authority, New South Wales|date=16 March 2001|accessdate=14 June 2014}} 10. ^1 {{cite journal|url=http://trid.trb.org/view.aspx?id=211562|title=Design of the new Tom Uglys Bridge, Sydney|author1=Bott, G. J.|author2=Wheeler, W. K.|journal=Australian Road Research|publication-date=1984|pages=28–41|volume=12|number=2|publisher=ARRB Group Limited|location=Vermont South, Victoria|issn=0005-0164}} 11. ^{{Cite news|newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald|date=31 January 1931|title=Georges River: Tom Uglys Point }} 12. ^1 2 3 {{Cite web|url=http://www.kogarah.nsw.gov.au/council/about-kogarah/history-of-kogarah/kogarahs-heritage-no.2-tom-uglys|title=Kogarah's Heritage No. 2: Tom Ugly's|publisher=Kogarah Council|accessdate=23 April 2015 }} 13. ^{{Cite book|title=Rivers and Resilience: Aboriginal People on Sydney's Georges River|publisher=UNSW Press|page=66|author1=Goodall, Heather|author2=Cadzow, Alison|year=2009}} 14. ^{{Cite news|date=7 May 1890|accessdate=13 September 2010|title=Native Nomenclature|newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article28271794 }} 15. ^{{cite book|title=The Book of Sydney Suburbs|editor=Pollon, Frances|publisher=Angus & Robertson Publishers|year=1990|location=Australia|isbn=0-207-14495-8|page=118}} 16. ^{{Cite book|title=Gateway to the South: First stop Sylvania|last=Salt|first=Daphne|publisher=Daphne Salt|year=1987|isbn=|location=|pages=|quote=|via=}} External links{{commonscat}}
13 : Bridges in Sydney|Bridges completed in 1929|Bridges completed in 1987|Pratt truss bridges|Box girder bridges|Road bridges in New South Wales|Concrete bridges in Australia|Steel bridges in Australia|History of Sydney|Former toll bridges in Australia|Truss bridges in Australia|Georges River Council|Bridges designed by Percy Allan |
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