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词条 TRADACOMS
释义

  1. Transactions

  2. Syntax and usage

  3. Sample Tradacoms Order

  4. References

Tradacoms is an early standard for EDI (Electronic Data Interchange) primarily used in the UK retail sector. It was introduced in 1982 as an implementation of the UN/GTDI syntax, one of the precursors of EDIFACT, and was maintained and extended by the UK Article Numbering Association (now called GS1 UK).

The standard is obsolescent since development of it effectively ceased in 1995 in favour of the GS1 EDI EANCOM subsets. Despite this it has proved durable and the majority of the retail EDI traffic in the UK still uses it.

Transactions

There are 25 transactions defined in Tradacoms:

  1. THE PRODUCT INFORMATION FILE
  2. THE PRICE INFORMATION FILE
  3. THE CUSTOMER INFORMATION FILE
  4. THE ORDER FILE
  5. THE PICKING INSTRUCTIONS FILE
  6. THE DELIVERY NOTIFICATION FILE
  7. THE DELIVERY CONFIRMATION FILE
  8. THE INVOICE FILE
  9. THE CREDIT NOTE FILE
  10. THE STATEMENT/REMITTANCE DETAILS FILE
  11. THE UPLIFT INSTRUCTION FILE
  12. THE UPLIFT CONFIRMATION FILE
  13. THE STOCK SNAPSHOT FILE
  14. THE STOCK ADJUSTMENT FILE
  15. THE AVAILABILITY REPORT FILE
  16. THE GENERAL COMMUNICATIONS FILE
  17. THE COMPLEX ORDER FILE
  18. THE ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF ORDER FILE
  19. THE PRODUCT PLANNING REPORT FILE
  20. THE PAYMENT ORDER FILE
  21. THE DEBIT ADVICE FILE
  22. THE CREDIT ADVICE FILE
  23. THE EXCEPTION CONDITION FILE
  24. THE LOCATION PLANNING REPORT FILE
  25. THE UTILITY BILL FILE

There are additional transactions defined for use in the Insurance Industry which use the Tradacoms syntax, but with implicit nesting. The service is known as Brokernet and was established in 1986.

The UK Book Trade also has additional transactions defined for Orders, Issues, and Price & Availability Updates. There are industry message variants for the News Trade, Textiles and Home Shopping.

Syntax and usage

The syntax is very similar to EDIFACT, with the following principal differences:

  • STX/END segments used instead of UNB/UNZ
  • BAT/EOB segments instead of UNG/UNE
  • MHD/MTR segments instead of UNH/UNT
  • The segment tag delimiter is an '=' rather than a data element separator
  • Explicit nesting is always used, but implemented as data elements rather than tag extensions
  • Only implicit decimals are used
  • The compression rules are less rigorous, being merely advisory.
  • The underlying GTDI standard uses SCH instead of UNA, but this is not implemented in Tradacoms. The default EDIFACT UNOA separators are used.

The use of qualifiers, and consequently of composite data elements, is minor compared to EDIFACT. In particular any segment can occur only once in a Tradacoms message definition, and so the segments tend to be very specific rather than generic with a qualifier to identify their function. Tradacoms is not a 'Lego' system in the manner of EDIFACT.

In EDIFACT a message is a transaction. Tradacoms uses 'Files'; with one or more examples of the message being preceded by a header message, and followed by one or more trailer messages. This avoids the duplication of common header and trailer information which can occur in a series of EDIFACT messages.

Tradacoms files are equivalent to industry EDIFACT subsets. They are not generic in the way UN/EDIFACT messages are. They are only supposed to be for use within the UK, since they make no allowance for currencies other than sterling and tax information is geared to UK requirements.

Sample Tradacoms Order

This is an example of a one line order. Some of the data content has been anonymised.

 STX=ANA:1+5000000000000:SOME STORES LTD+5010000000000:SUPPLIER UK LTD+070315:130233+000007+PASSW+ORDHDR+B' MHD=1+ORDHDR:9' TYP=0430+NEW-ORDERS' SDT=5010000000000:000030034' CDT=5000000000000' FIL=1630+1+070315' MTR=6' MHD=2+ORDERS:9' CLO=5000000000283:89828+EAST SOMEWHERE DEPOT' ORD=70970::070315' DIN=070321++0000' OLD=1+5010210000000++:00893592+12+60++++CRUSTY ROLLS:4 PACK' OTR=1' MTR=7' MHD=3+ORDTLR:9' OFT=1' MTR=3' END=3'

References

Tradacoms pre-dates the web era, and there is very little information about it available online. The best reference sources are the EDI websites of major retail hubs and industry associations. An example is House of Fraser.

Tradacoms is very widely used in the UK book industry. Development is still happening under the auspices of BIC who initiate and moderate discussions and maintain the standard on behalf of the book industry.

3 : Computer-related introductions in 1982|E-commerce|Data interchange standards
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