1. Artistic directors

2. History

3. Current Traverse Theatre building

4. The Traverse and the Edinburgh Festivals

5. Notable associations

6. Controversies

7. See also

8. References

9. External links

The Traverse Theatre is a theatre in Edinburgh, Scotland. It was founded in 1963 by John Calder, Jim Haynes and Richard Demarco seeking to extend the spirit of the Festival throughout the year.{{cn|date=September 2016}}

The Traverse Theatre commissions and develops new plays or adaptations from contemporary playwrights.{{cn|date=September 2016}} It also presents a large number of productions from visiting companies from across the UK.{{cn|date=September 2016}} These include new plays, adaptations, dance, physical theatre, puppetry and contemporary music.^[1]

The Traverse is a pivotal venue in Edinburgh, particularly during the Edinburgh Festivals in August.{{cn|date=September 2016}} It is also the home of the manipulate Visual Theatre Festival and the Edinburgh International Children's Festival (previously Imaginate Festival).{{cn|date=September 2016}}

Artistic directors

• Terry Lane (Dec 1962 – Jan 1964)
• Callum Mill (Jan 1964 – Aug 1964)
• Jim Haynes (Aug 1964 – July 1966)
• Gordon McDougall (July 1966 – Dec 1969)
• Max Stafford-Clark (Dec 1967 – Dec 1969)
• Michael Rudman (Feb 1970 – Feb 1973)
• Mike Ockrent (Mar 1973 – Sep 1975)
• Chris Parr (Sep 1975 – Mar 1981)
• Peter Lichtenfels (Apr 1981 – Aug 1985)
• Jenny Killick (Sep 1985 – Dec 1988)
• Iain Brown (Jan 1989 – Aug 1996)
• Philip Howard (Sep 1996 – Dec 2007)
• Dominic Hill (Jan 2008– Oct 2011)
• Orla O'Loughlin (Jan 2012 – Dec 2018)
• Gareth Nicholls - Interim Artistic Director (Dec 2018 – Present)

History

The Traverse Theatre began as a theatre club in 15 James Court, Lawnmarket, Edinburgh, a former doss-house and brothel also known as Kelly's Paradise and Hell's Kitchen.{{cn|date=September 2016}} It was "a long, low-ceilinged first-floor room barely 15ft wide by 8ft high"^[2] with 60 seats salvaged from the Palace Cinema placed in two blocks on either side of the stage. The theatre is named because Terry Lane mistakenly believed that the staging arrangement is called 'traverse'; he later realised that it is 'transverse' but it was already too well known to change it.{{cn|date=September 2016}} In its first year of operation, a Theatre Conference was organised by director Jim Haynes, John Calder and Kenneth Tynan and including a Happening involving Allan Kaprow among others.{{cn|date=September 2016}} The first performance was on 2 January 1963.^[3]

Following a surveyor's report in March 1969 which stated that the internal floors of James Court were unsafe, the Traverse moved to a former sailmakers's loft at 112 West Bow in the east end of the Grassmarket.{{cn|date=September 2016}} This larger space had a 100-seat theatre with flexible seating configurations.{{cn|date=September 2016}} The first performance in this venue was on 24 August 1969.{{cn|date=September 2016}} In its early days the theatre included exhibition space for the visual arts, until 1966 when the administrators for that space – including Richard Demarco – moved away to establish what became the Richard Demarco Gallery.^[2]

Current Traverse Theatre building

In 1992, the Traverse moved to its current location, 10 Cambridge Street.{{cn|date=September 2016}} A £3.3 million purpose-built two theatre space with bar café created as part of Saltire Court development on Castle Terrace.{{cn|date=September 2016}} The theatre's first performance at this location was on 3 July 1992.{{cn|date=September 2016}}

Traverse 1 is the larger space with flexible seating that can be moved to create many different configurations (e.g. transverse, end on, in the round, etc.).{{cn|date=September 2016}} The most common configuration is 'end on' and has 214 seats.{{cn|date=March 2019}} Traverse 2 is the smaller studio space.{{cn|date=September 2016}} New flexible seating was installed in September 2005 to allow for different staging configurations and the average capacity is approximately 100 seats.{{cn|date=September 2016}}

The Traverse and the Edinburgh Festivals

Founded in 1963 by John Calder, Jim Haynes and Richard Demarco, the mission was to continue the spirit of the Edinburgh Festivals all year round.{{cn|date=September 2016}}

During the Festivals in August, the Traverse continues to present cutting edge new writing, as well as new work of all kinds to an international audience. The Traverse is occasionally referred to as 'The Fringe venue that got away', reflecting its current status as a permanent and integral part of the Edinburgh arts scene throughout the year.

Today August remains the busiest time for the Traverse. During the 2014 Edinburgh Festival Fringe, the Traverse played host to 19 shows. In a first for Scottish theatre, a series of specially commissioned rehearsed readings by Enda Walsh, Linda McLean, David Eldridge, Simon Stephens and Marina Carr were broadcast live on 23 August 2010 to cinemas across the UK. One third of 2010 Scotsman Fringe First Award winners were shows performed at the Traverse.

The Guardian theatre critic Lyn Gardner has described the Traverse's programme as, "The backbone to the Fringe programme. What you see there will often set the tone and tenor of the rest of the Fringe."

Notable associations

From its beginning in 1963, the Traverse Theatre has launched the careers of many of Scotland's best-known writers including John Byrne, Gregory Burke, David Greig, David Harrower and Liz Lochhead.

During the 1960s Richard Wilson was a regular performer. Throughout the 1970s the Traverse Theatre became a mecca for actors, including Timothy Dalton, Billy Connolly, Robbie Coltrane, Simon Callow, Bill Paterson and Steven Berkoff. In 1978 David Hayman famously directed John Byrne's Slab Boys which featured Robbie Coltrane.

Tilda Swinton and Forbes Masson memorably performed during the 1980s and Steve Unwin directed Alan Cumming in a 1988 production of The Conquest of the South Pole. Ashley Jensen and Bill Nighy began their acting careers at the Traverse.

Many of the theatre's sponsored seats have personalised plaques, including Robbie Coltrane's "This is a no farting zone" and Tom Conti's "In memory of my longest dry".

Controversies

• At the second Traverse performance, on 3 January 1963, lead actress Colette O'Neil was accidentally stabbed on stage. The knife, which was real, had caught in the folds of her costume and had gone into her side. The actress went on with the rest of the performance and was seen to at the end by a doctor who had been in the audience and later taken to hospital. John Martin (co-founder of the Traverse and an early chairman of the board) says that the real knife was used because the space was so small and the audience sat so close to the stage a fake knife would have been detected. Richard Demarco says it was because they had no money and could not afford a paper one.
• Throughout 1965 the Traverse Theatre Club was threatened with police raids due to open homosexual activity in a time when it was illegal.
• At the 1967 Edinburgh Festival, twenty-two Traverse Theatre shows were performed; including Rochelle Owens' Futz! which the Daily Express described as "Filth on the Fringe", and Alfred Jarry's Ubu in Chains which featured Ma and Pa Ubu as 6-foot tall sexual organs.
• At a meeting in 1971 Artistic Director Michael Rudman persuaded the Edinburgh Corporation to increase the Traverse grant but refused to give any assurances on the 'decency' of future productions.^[4]

See also

• Adjoining buildings
  • Royal Lyceum Theatre
  • Usher Hall

References

External links

• Official Homepage
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20110606171859/http://www.britishcouncil.org/arts-performanceinprofile-2009-british_council-traverse_theatre_company.htm Company profile] on British Arts Council website
• Manipulate Website
• Imaginate Website
• A History of the Edinburgh Festivals (includes a section on the Traverse)

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