| 词条 | Treaty of Durham (1139) |
| 释义 |
The second treaty of Durham was a peace treaty concluded between kings Stephen of England and David I of Scotland, on 9 April 1139. On 22 August 1138, the Scottish army under the command of David I had been defeated at the Battle of the Standard. But in the spring of 1139, Stephen was to face another problem when Empress Matilda, decided to retake the crown of England usurped by Stephen after the death of Henry I of England, landed in England. This marked the beginning of the English civil war known as The Anarchy. Stephen, not wishing to face several forces at once had to make concessions with the Scottish king. David's son Henry was given the earldom of Northumberland which included Carlisle, Cumberland, Westmorland and Lancashire to the north of Ribble, except the castles of Bamburgh and Newcastle. Moreover, Stephen recognised the independence of Scotland. David I, via his son Henry, now controlled an English territory which stretched to the Tees. Primary SourcesHowlett, Richard (Edit.): The Cronicles of Richard, Prior of Hexham (= Chronicles of the Regin of Stephan, Henry II., and Richard I. vol. 3, p. 2) London 1964, p.177-178 See also
References{{unreferenced|date=July 2016}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Treaty of Durham (1139)}} 10 : 1139|1130s in England|1139 in Scotland|1139 in England|Peace treaties of England|Peace treaties of Scotland|History of Durham, England|12th-century treaties|England–Scotland relations|Treaties of medieval England |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。