| 词条 | Trilling frog |
| 释义 |
| status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | trend = stable | image = | image_width = 240px | regnum = Animalia | phylum = Chordata | classis = Amphibia | ordo = Anura | familia = Myobatrachidae | genus = Neobatrachus | species = N. centralis | binomial = Neobatrachus centralis | binomial_authority = Parker, 1940 | range_map = | range_map_width = | range_map_caption = }} The trilling frog or desert trilling frog (Neobatrachus centralis) is an Australian burrowing frog, of the family Myobatrachidae. DistributionThe Trilling frog is found throughout the central Australian deserts in a band encompassing South Australia and Western Australia. It is remarkable in its toleration for arid environments. DescriptionThe Trilling Frog is a medium-sized short, fat frog (5 centimetres measured from snout to posterior), usually of a brown and tan colour with sharply differentiated mottling, much like army desert camouflage. This frog is white underneath. The pupil of this frog contracts to a vertical slit. The dorsal surface is usually smooth, however it is reported that during the breeding season, the males develop fine, dark bristles on their back. The Trilling Frog can be differentiated from The Painted Frog (Neobatrachus pictus) by the 'baggy pants' of loose skin that extends almost to their knees when the hind legs are extended Ecology and behaviourThe Trilling frog is adapted to desert conditions and can spend years without having to surface, buried deep underground with their glands under the skin full of water. The Trilling Frogs will commonly dig themselves to the surface at the beginning of the late summer rains. There are stories that to prevent death by thirst, Indigenous Australians could catch these frogs by cleverly stamping on the right patch of ground to simulate thunder or falling rain, causing the frogs to surface where they could then be made to give up their stored moisture. These frogs will spend a few weeks calling nightly while floating in or sitting at the edge of rainwater filled claypans, puddles and waterholes. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061207171342/http://www.epa.sa.gov.au/frogcensus/sounds/centrali.wav DEH, Trilling Frog Call] They eat the numerous insects accompanying the rains and lay eggs in drawn out clumps, often wrapped around snags in the water. The tadpoles mature very quickly. Like most Australian frogs, the Trilling Frog is an opportunistic predator and so the diet of the species consists mostly of any desert dwelling insects and reptiles small enough to fit in its mouth. In some areas it is the only ground living vertebrate collected. GeneticsThis interesting little frog is a tetraploid organism, having double the normal number of chromosomes. Recently results of molecular biology analysis have caused some speculation that this may be the same species as Neobatrachus sudelli (Roberts (1997)) References
8 : Neobatrachus|Amphibians of New South Wales|Amphibians of South Australia|Amphibians of Queensland|Amphibians of the Northern Territory|Amphibians of Western Australia|Amphibians described in 1940|Frogs of Australia |
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