| 词条 | Tristichopteridae |
| 释义 |
| fossil_range = {{Fossil range|392|359}}Middle - Late Devonian | image = Platycephalichthys teeth detail.jpg | image_caption = Teeth of Platycephalichthys, in CosmoCaixa Barcelona | taxon = Tristichopteridae | authority = Cope, 1889 | subdivision_ranks = Genera | subdivision = See below }}{{Portal|Paleontology}} Tristichopterids (Tristichopteridae) were a diverse and successful group of tetrapodomorph fishes living throughout the Middle and Late Devonian. They first appeared in the Givetian stage of the Middle Devonian. Within the group sizes ranged from a few tens of centimeters (Tristichopterus) to several meters (Hyneria and Eusthenodon). Some tristichopterids share some of the features of the elpistostegalians, a paraphyletic assemblage of fishes close to the origin of tetrapods. This mainly concerns the shape of the skull and a reduction in size of the posterior fins. An old and persistent notion is that Eusthenopteron was able to crawl onto land using its fins. However, there is no evidence actually supporting this idea. All tristichopterids went extinct by the end of Late Devonian. Genera of Tristichopterids
PhylogenyBelow is a cladogram modified from Swartz, 2012.[1]{{better source|date=February 2014}} {{clade| style=font-size:100%;line-height:75%|1={{clade |1=?†Devonosteus proteus Jaekel 1927 |2=?†Callistipterus clappi |3=?†Heddleichthys dalgleisiensis Anderson 1859 |4=?†Hyneria lindae Thomson 1968 |5=?†Langlieria socqueti (Clément et al., 2009) |6=?†Litoptychius bryanti Vorobyeva 1977 |7=?†Notorhizodon mackelveyi Young, Long & Ritchie 1992 |8=†Spodichthys buetler Jarvik 1985 |9={{clade |1=†Tristichopterus alatus Egerton 1861 |2={{clade |1=†Eusthenopteron Whiteaves 1881 |2={{clade |1=†Jarvikina wenjukowi (Rohon 1889) Vorobyeva 1977 |2={{clade |1=†Cabonnichthys burnsi Ahlberg & Johanson 1997 |2={{clade |1=†Mandageria fairfaxi Johanson & Ahlberg 1997 |2=†Eusthenodon Jarvik 1952 }} }} }} }} }} }} }} References1. ^{{cite journal | last = Swartz | first = B. | year = 2012 | title = A marine stem-tetrapod from the Devonian of Western North America | journal = PLoS ONE | pmid = 22448265 | volume = 7 | issue = 3 | pmc = 3308997 | pages = e33683 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0033683 | url = http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0033683;jsessionid=E4E007B3FAC50B3B0C7C2B8B0CBE3F83 | format = | accessdate = }}
7 : Osteolepiformes|Prehistoric lobe-finned fish families|Carboniferous bony fish|Devonian bony fish|Middle Devonian first appearances|Late Devonian animals|Late Devonian extinctions |
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