| 词条 | Tumut River |
| 释义 |
| name = Tumut | name_native = Bewuck[1] | name_native_lang = | name_other = Doomut[1] | name_etymology = Aboriginal: derived from Doomut or Doomat; meaning camping by the river[2] | image = TumutRiver.JPG | image_size = | image_caption = Tumut River, near Tumut, New South Wales | map = | map_size = 250 | map_caption = | pushpin_map = Australia New South Wales | pushpin_map_size = 250 | pushpin_map_caption= Location of the Tumut River mouth in New South Wales | subdivision_type1 = Country | subdivision_name1 = Australia | subdivision_type2 = State | subdivision_name2 = New South Wales | subdivision_type3 = Region | subdivision_name3 = Australian Alps (IBRA), South Eastern Highlands (IBRA), Snowy Mountains, South West Slopes | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | subdivision_type5 = Municipalities | subdivision_name5 = Tumut, Gundagai | length = {{convert|182|km|mi|abbr=on}} | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location= | discharge1_min = | discharge1_avg = | discharge1_max = | source1 = Toolong Range, Snowy Mountains | source1_location = west of Mount Jagungal | source1_coordinates= {{coord|36|5|18|S|148|23|5|E|display=inline}} | source1_elevation = {{convert|1430|m|abbr=on}} | mouth = confluence with the Murrumbidgee River | mouth_location = near Gundagai | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|35|1|18|S|148|10|51|E|display=inline,title}} | mouth_elevation = {{convert|220|m|abbr=on}} | progression = | waterfalls = | river_system = Murrumbidgee catchment, Murray–Darling basin | basin_size = {{convert|4000|km2|abbr=on}} | tributaries_left = Long Creek (Tumut), Buddong Creek, Gilmore Creek | tributaries_right = Bogong Creek, Doubtful Creek, Happy Jacks Creek, Jounama Creek, McGregors Creek, Blowering Creek, Goobarragandra River, Brungle Creek | custom_label = Dams | custom_data = Happy Jacks, Tumut Pond, Tumut Two, Talbingo, Jounama, Blowering | extra = [3][4] }} The Tumut River ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|tj|uː|m|ə|t}}),[5] a perennial stream[1] that is part of the Murrumbidgee catchment within the Murray–Darling basin, is located in the Snowy Mountains and South West Slopes districts of New South Wales, Australia. Location and featuresThe Tumut River rises on the northern face of Mount Jagungal in the Snowy Mountains at {{convert|1430|m}} and flows generally north by west, joined by twelve tributaries including the Doubtful Creek, Happy Jacks Creek and Goobarragandra River before meeting its confluence with the Murrumbidgee River, at Darbalara near the town of Gundagai; descending {{convert|1210|m}} over its {{convert|182|km|adj=on}} course.[3][6] Between Cabramurra and Tumut, the natural course of the Tumut River has been altered as a result of the construction of the Snowy Mountains Scheme. A series of sixteen major dams and seven hydro-electric power stations were constructed between 1949 and 1974 to harness the flow of the Tumut and Snowy rivers. The Tumut River is impounded by six dams, located at Happy Jacks Dam, Tumut Pond Dam, Tumut Two Dam, Talbingo Dam, Jounama Dam, and Blowering Dam. Four hydro-power stations are located adjacent to the river flow. Although a relatively short river, the natural flow of the Tumut River is quite high,{{citation needed|date=January 2013}} as it drains the snowmelt and other runoff from a large proportion of the northern Snowy Mountains. The natural flow of the river is amplified by water transferred from the Tooma River and Lake Eucumbene by the Snowy Mountains Scheme. The river is crossed by the heritage-listed Junction Bridge at Tumut.[7] EtymologyThe word Tumut is derived from the Aboriginal word of doomut or doomat, meaning camping by the river.[2] Environmental concernsThe Tumut River has been subject to considerable debate and lobbying on environmental grounds. The Tumut River has been widely documented{{where?|date=January 2013}} as suffering from the effects of the un-natural flow regime resulting from the creation of the Snowy Mountain Scheme and the irrigation demand downstream of the Tumut River. Environmental damage attributed to the management of the Tumut River by the Government of New South Wales includes;
Sporting and leisure activitiesThe Tumut River has been a popular destination for a variety of sport and leisure activities including;
See also{{stack|{{portal|New South Wales|Water|Environment}}}}
References1. ^1 2 {{NSW GNR|id=SXjLoerXKW|title=Tumut River|date=28 August 1970|accessdate=22 January 2013}} 2. ^1 {{cite book|author=Reed, A. W.|authorlink=Alexander Wyclif Reed|title=Place Names of Australia|publisher=Reed Books Pty Limited|location=Frenchs Forest, Sydney|year=1973|type=paperback|page=214|isbn=0-589-50128-3}} 3. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.bonzle.com/c/a?a=p&p=210446&cmd=sp |title=Map of Tumut River |work=Bonzle Digital Atlas of Australia |date= |accessdate=22 January 2013}} 4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.clw.csiro.au/help/murrumbidgee.html |title=About the Lower Murrumbidgee Catchment |accessdate=10 March 2008 |publisher=CSIRO |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080722203137/http://www.clw.csiro.au/help/murrumbidgee.html |archivedate=22 July 2008 |df=dmy-all }} 5. ^{{cite book|work=Macquarie Dictionary, Fourth Edition|year=2005|location=Melbourne|publisher=The Macquarie Library Pty Ltd|isbn=1-876429-14-3|title=Tumut}} 6. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.smh.com.au/news/New-South-Wales/Tumut/2005/02/17/1108500199641.html |work=The Sydney Morning Herald |title=Travel: Tumut |date=8 February 2004 |accessdate=22 January 2013}} 7. ^{{cite NSW SHR|5051373|Junction Bridge|hr=01471|fn=H00/00319|accessdate=2 June 2018}} 8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/prod/parlment/HansArt.nsf/V3Key/LA20010904054 |title=Tumut River Environmental Damage |publisher=Parliament of New South Wales |date=4 September 2001 |author=Hodgkinson, Katrina |authorlink=Katrina Hodgkinson |work=Private Members Statements: Hansard |accessdate=22 January 2013}} 9. ^{{cite web |title=Tumut: Riparian Condition |work=State of the Environment Report |publisher=Government of the Australian Capital Territory |url=http://www.envcomm.act.gov.au/soe/soe2004/Tumut/ripariancondition.htm |year=2004 |accessdate=22 January 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120326060028/http://www.envcomm.act.gov.au/soe/soe2004/Tumut/ripariancondition.htm |archivedate=26 March 2012 |df=dmy-all }} 10. ^{{cite web |title=Inland waters |author=Harris, Graham |work=State of the Environment |url=http://www.environment.gov.au/soe/2006/publications/commentaries/water/habitat-influences.html |publisher=Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities |year=2006 |accessdate=22 January 2013}} 11. ^{{cite journal |format=PDF |journal=Prime Facts |title=Lower Murray River aquatic ecological community |url=http://www.dpi.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0009/171549/Lower-Murray-River-aquatic-ecological-community.pdf |publisher=NSW Department of Primary Industries |date=September 2007 |volume=172 |number=2 |pages=1–4 |accessdate=22 January 2013}} External links
5 : Snowy Mountains Scheme|Rivers of New South Wales|Rivers in the Riverina|Tributaries of the Murrumbidgee River|Murray-Darling basin |
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