| 词条 | Tupolev ANT-14 | ||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Tupolev ANT-14 Pravda was a Soviet aircraft, which served as the flagship of the Soviet propaganda squadron. It has been credited as Russia's first all-metal aircraft, with a corrosion-resistant-steel structure.[1] The ANT-14 was a larger version of the ANT-9, with a 40.4 m wingspan, compared to the 23.8 m span of the ANT-9. Powered by five 358 kW (480 hp) Gnome-Rhône Jupiter 9AKX radial engines, it was capable of carrying a crew of three, as well as 36 passengers, at a maximum speed of 236 km/h (147 mph). However its cruise speed was only 195 km/h (121 mph). Empty weight was 10,650 kg (23,480 lb) and maximum takeoff weight was 17,146 kg (37,800 lb). The ANT-14 had a range of 900 km (559 mi), and an operational ceiling of 4,220 m (13,845 ft). It had a non-retractable tailwheel undercarriage whose main gear consisted of dual (fore-aft) wheels. Operational historyThe ANT-14 was tested by Aeroflot in 1932. While these tests revealed no problems with the aircraft, it was far larger than any other aircraft in its fleet, and it had no requirement for an aircraft with a 36-passenger capacity, so no production followed.[2][3] On 17 March 1933, the Soviet Union set up an aerial propaganda squadron, named after Maxim Gorky, and the ANT-14 was assigned to it as its flagship, being named Pravda (Truth) after the Soviet newspaper.[2] It was used mainly for sightseeing flights over Moscow,[4] but did carry out occasional tourist flights to Kharkov and Leningrad (now Saint Petersburg), while it visited Bucharest in 1935 to help celebrate a festival being held there at the time. The ANT-14 carried over 40,000 passengers before being grounded in 1941.[3][5] Operators
Specifications{{aircraft specifications|plane or copter?=plane |jet or prop?=prop |ref=Illustrated Encyclopedia of Propeller Airliners[6] |crew=three |capacity=36 passengers |length main=26.49 m |length alt=86 ft 11 in |span main=40.4 m |span alt=132 ft 6.5 in |height main=5.4 m |height alt=17 ft 8.5 in |area main=240 m² |area alt=2,583 ft² |airfoil= |empty weight main=10,650 kg |empty weight alt=23,480 lb |max takeoff weight main=17,146 kg |max takeoff weight alt=37,800 lb |engine (prop)=Gnome-Rhône 9Akx Jupiter |type of prop=radial engine |number of props=5 |power main=358 kW |power alt=480 hp |propeller or rotor?=propeller |propellers=two-bladed wooden |propeller diameter main= |propeller diameter alt= |max speed main=236 km |max speed alt=147 mph |cruise speed main=195 km/h |cruise speed alt=121 mph |stall speed main= |stall speed alt= |never exceed speed main= |never exceed speed alt= |range main=900 km |range alt=559 mi |ceiling main= 4,220 m |ceiling alt= 13,845 ft |climb rate main= |climb rate alt= |loading main= |loading alt= |thrust/weight= |power/mass main= |power/mass alt= }} See also{{aircontent|related=
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}} References{{commons category|Tupolev ANT-14}}1. ^The Soviet Union's First All-Metal Airplane, globalspec.com 2. ^1 Duffy and Kandalov 1996, p. 57 3. ^1 Gunston 1995, p. 392 4. ^the ANT-14 was part of an 18 May 1935 four-airplane flight over Moscow which ended in disaster when an accompanying fighter aircraft maneuvered too close to the Maxim Gorky and struck the airliner's wing, causing it to crash, with 45 fatalities. globalspec.com 5. ^Duffy and Kandalov 1996, p. 58 6. ^{{cite book|last=Gunston|first=Bill (editor-in-chief)|author2=Dennis Baldry |author3=Chris Chant |author4=John Stroud |title=The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Propeller Airliners|year=1980|publisher=Exeter Books|location=New York|isbn=0-89673-078-6|page=69}}
6 : Five-engined tractor aircraft|Soviet airliners 1930–1939|Soviet special-purpose aircraft 1930–1939|Tupolev aircraft|High-wing aircraft|Aircraft first flown in 1931 |
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