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词条 U880
释义

  1. Processor variants

  2. Support chips

  3. Applications

  4. Further development

  5. External links

  6. References

{{About|a microprocessor|the submarine|German submarine U-880}}{{Infobox CPU
|name=U880
|image=KL KME U880D.jpg
|caption=An early U880D microprocessor, manufactured in December 1981
|produced-start=1980
|produced-end=c.1996
|slowest = 1 | slow-unit = MHz
|fastest = 8 | fast-unit = MHz
|manuf1=VEB Mikroelektronik "Karl Marx" Erfurt
|arch=Zilog Z80
|pack1=DIL40
}}

The U880 is an 8-bit microprocessor that was manufactured by VEB Mikroelektronik "Karl Marx" Erfurt (abbreviated as MME; part of Kombinat Mikroelektronik Erfurt) in the German Democratic Republic. Production of the U880 started in 1980[1] at VEB Funkwerk Erfurt (abbreviated as FWE; the plant was renamed to VEB Mikroelektronik "Karl Marx" in 1983[2]). The U880 is an unlicensed clone of the Zilog Z80 microprocessor. It is not, however, a direct copy of the Zilog's Z80. Differences include not setting the CY flag for the {{code|lang=asm|OUTI}} command (when L goes zero) and a different behaviour of a hidden bus register seen through the undocumented F3 and F5 flags.[3]

Processor variants

The U880 was manufactured in NMOS technology and encased in a plastic DIL40 package with a pin spacing of 2.5 mm[5] (export versions had the Western pin spacing of 2.54 mm; Russian variants also came in a ceramic package).

Support chips

VEB Mikroelektronik "Karl Marx" also manufactured a number of support chips for the U880. The prefixes UA, UB, VB, 80, and 80A correspond to the same temperature ranges and clock rates as for the processor variants above. Likewise, the suffix S1 indicates the out-of-spec, hobbyist version.

DesignationInternational equivalentDescription
name=orig|Original designation when this was the only variant available}} UA855D,[5][14] UB855D,[5][14] UD855D,{{efn|name=hobby}}[6] VB855D,[5] UB855D S1,{{efn|name=hobby|Out-of-spec, hobbyist version}}[7] 80-PIO,{{efn|name=export|Designation for export; 2.54 mm pin spacing}} 80A-PIO{{efn|name=export}}Zilog Z80 PIOparallel input/output
name=orig}} UA8560D,[5] UB8560D,[5][14] VB8560D,[5] UB8560D S1,{{efn|name=hobby}}[7] 80-SIO/0,{{efn|name=export}} 80A-SIO/0{{efn|name=export}}Zilog Z80 SIO/0serial input/output
name=orig}} UA857D,[5][14] UB857D,[5][14] VB857D,[5] UB857D S1,{{efn|name=hobby}}[7] 80-CTC,{{efn|name=export}} 80A-CTC{{efn|name=export}}Zilog Z80 CTCcounter/timer circuit
[5] UB858D,[5] UB858D S1,{{efn>name=hobby}} 80-DMA,{{efn|name=export}}[14] 80A-DMA{{efn|name=export}}Zilog Z80 DMADMA controller
name=orig}} UB8561D[36]Zilog Z80 SIO/1serial input/output
[5] UB8563D,[5] VB8563D,[5] UB8563D S1,{{efn>name=hobby}} 80-DART,{{efn|name=export}} 80A-DART{{efn|name=export}}Zilog Z80 DARTdual asynchronous receiver/transmitter
U8272D04,[5] U8272D08[5]Intel 8272floppy-disk controller
U82530DC04,[42] U82530DC06[42]Zilog SCCserial communications controller
U82536DC04[42]Zilog CIOcounter/timer and parallel input/output
U82720DC02, U82720DC03, U82720DC04[5]Intel 82720graphics display controller
{{notelist}}

Applications

The U880 was by far the most widely used microprocessor in the German Democratic Republic. Examples are:

  • office computers A 5120, PC 1715 (all by VEB Robotron)
  • home computers KC 85 (by VEB Mikroelektronik "Wilhelm Pieck" Mühlhausen), KC 87, Z1013 (both by VEB Robotron)
  • arcade game Poly Play (by VEB Polytechnik)

At the time the U880 was most advanced 8-bit processor available in the Eastern Bloc. Only clones of the Intel 8080 were manufactured in Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, and the Soviet Union. As the Z80 replaced the Intel 8080 in the West, the U880 was used throughout the Eastern Bloc. Examples are:

  • Poland: home computers Mera-Elzab Meritum, Elwro 700 Solum,(pl) Elwro 800 Junior,(pl) MIK CA80(pl)
  • Czechoslovakia: home computers Didaktik Gama, Tesla Ondra[1]
  • Hungary: home computer Microkey Primo(hu)[2]
  • Romania: home computers Electromagnetica JET,[3] ITCI MicroTIM,(ro) ICE-Felix HC-85,(ro)[49] Feper Junior[49]
  • Bulgaria: office computer ISOT-1031C(ru)[4]

Further development

Following the example of Zilog where the Z80 was succeeded by the 16-bit processors Z8001 / Z8002, VEB Mikroelektronik "Karl Marx" produced the U8001 / U8002. And just like its Western counterpart, the U8001 / U8002 saw far less use than the U880. When MS-DOS emerged as the dominant operating system for personal computers, in the Eastern Bloc the only available clone of the Intel 8086 was the Soviet K1810VM86. VEB Mikroelektronik "Karl Marx" then proceeded to develop a clone of the Intel 80286, the U80601.[42] Furthermore, a CMOS version of the Z80 was developed with the designation U84C00.[42][5][6] Due to the economic changes following the German reunification in 1990, both projects did not proceed beyond pilot production. VEB Mikroelektronik "Karl Marx" (MME) was privatized in 1990 under the name ERMIC GmbH, a large part of which became Thesys Gesellschaft für Mikroelektronik mbH in 1992.[56] Both ERMIC and Thesys continued to manufacture the NMOS version of the U880, ERMIC still with the MME name and logo,[7] Thesys under its new name. A die shrink chip with the marking U880/6 had been developed in 1990 and went into production some time after that. The smaller chip allowed clock rates up to 8 MHz for the U880DC08 and Thesys Z80H. While Zilog likely could have taken up legal action against the successors of VEB Mikroelektronik "Karl Marx" for copyright infringement, they recruited Thesys as a Zilog distributor instead.[8]

From about 1991 until 1996, bare U880 chips were sold to Russian and Ukrainian companies and packaged there. Initially the U880/5 chip revision was labelled as 80A-CPU[9] and T34VM1 ({{lang-ru|Т34ВМ1|italic=yes}}).[10] Later integrated circuits with U880/6 chips inside received the official designation KR1858VM1 ({{lang-ru|КР1858ВМ1|italic=yes}}) for the plastic package and KM1858VM1 ({{lang-ru|КМ1858ВМ1|italic=yes}}) for the ceramic package.[11] Manufacturers include Angstrem Zelenograd, Kvazar Kiev, and VZPP Voronesh.[11] Unsurprisingly, the Russian integrated circuits show the same differences from the original Z80 as the U880.

External links

  • U880 Processors: images and descriptions from cpu-collection.de

References

1. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.homecomputer.de/pages/easteurope_cz.html#tesla_ondra |title=Tesla Ondra |publisher=HCM |accessdate=2018-01-13}}
2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.old-computers.com/museum/computer.asp?c=38&st=1 |title=Microkey Primo A-32 |publisher=Old-Computers.com |accessdate=2018-03-27}}
3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.homecomputer.de/pages/easteurope_ro.html#jet |title=Electro Magnetica: Jet |publisher=HCM |accessdate=2018-01-13}}
4. ^{{cite journal |last1=Kasper |first1=B. |last2=Löschner |first2=V. |title=Leipziger Frühjahrsmesse 1985 |trans-title=Leipzig Spring Fair 1985 |language=de |pages=350 |journal=Radio Fernsehen Elektronik |publisher=VEB Verlag Technik |place=Berlin |issue=6 |year=1985 |volume=34 |issn=0033-7900}}
5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.robotrontechnik.de/html/forum/thwb/showtopic.php?threadid=9399 |title=U84C00 |date=2013-03-27 |accessdate=2018-01-17}}
6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.chipdb.org/img-mme-u84c00-6687.htm |title=MME U84C00 |date=2008-06-22 |accessdate=2018-01-17}}
7. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.silirium.ru/fwe-z80.html |title=Funkwerk Erfurt (FWE) Z80/Z80A |publisher=Silirium.ru |accessdate=2018-03-21}}
8. ^{{cite web |title=International Representatives and Distributors |publisher=Zilog, Inc. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19961212221306/http://www.zilog.com/intrd.html |archive-date=1996-12-12 |url=http://www.zilog.com/intrd.html |accessdate=2018-01-22}}
9. ^{{cite web |title=80A-CPU MME |publisher=Музей электронных раритетов |language=ru |url=http://www.155la3.ru/80acpu_mme.htm |accessdate=2018-01-20}}
10. ^{{cite web |title=Т34ВМ1 |trans-title=T34VM1 |publisher=Музей электронных раритетов |language=ru |url=http://www.155la3.ru/t34vm1.htm |accessdate=2018-01-20}}
11. ^1 {{cite web |title=1858ая серия |trans-title=1858 series |publisher=Музей электронных раритетов |language=ru |url=http://www.155la3.ru/k1858.htm |accessdate=2018-01-20}}
12. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 {{cite book|title=RFT Aktive elektronische Bauelemente 1988|trans-title=RFT Active electronic components 1988|language=de|pages=243-258,310-313,326-328|publisher=VEB Kombinat Mikroelektronik|date=July 1987|url=http://datasheet.datasheetarchive.com/originals/scans/Scans-048/DSAGER000639.pdf|accessdate=2018-01-16}}
13. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite book|title=Mikroelektronik Gesamtübersicht|trans-title=Microelectronics - Complete overview|language=de|publisher=Applikationszentrum Elektronik Berlin|date=1990|url=https://www-user.tu-chemnitz.de/~heha/basteln/Konsumg%C3%BCter/DDR-Halbleiter/meg%C3%BC.pdf|accessdate=2018-01-17}}
14. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite journal|title=Unipolare Amateur-IS (Übersicht)|trans-title=Unipolar hobbyist IC (overview)|language=de|pages=27-28|journal=Funkamateur|issn=0016-2833|date=January 1989|publisher=Militärverlag der DDR|url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/238017542/Funkamateur-1989-01|accessdate=2018-01-16}}
15. ^1 2 {{cite journal|title=UD 880 und UD 855|trans-title=UD 880 and UD 855|language=de|pages=70|year=1986|volume=35|issue=2|journal=Radio Fernsehen Elektronik|issn=0033-7900|publisher=VEB Verlag Technik}}
16. ^1 {{cite web|title=Kombinat Mikroelektronik Erfurt|url=http://www.erfurt-web.de/KombinatMikroelektronik|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927235324/http://www.erfurt-web.de/KombinatMikroelektronik|archive-date=2007-09-27|language=de|accessdate=2017-11-14}}
17. ^1 {{cite web|title=Die Halbleiterindustrie in der DDR|url=http://www.all-electronics.de/die-halbleiterindustrie-in-der-ddr/|language=de|publisher=Hüthig GmbH |first=Jörg|last=Berkner|date=2016-04-12|accessdate=2017-11-07}}
18. ^1 {{cite web|title=MEMPTR, esoteric register of the ZiLOG Z80 CPU|first=Vladimir|last=Kladov|url=http://zx.pk.ru/attachment.php?attachmentid=2989|date=2006|accessdate=2018-01-22}} (The article refers to the Russian T34VM1 / KR1838VM1 which contain U880 chips.)
19. ^1 {{cite news|title=Ehrennamen „Karl Marx" für Erfurter Betrieb|url=https://www.nd-archiv.de/ausgabe/1983-10-06|newspaper=Neues Deutschland|language=de|date=1983-10-06|accessdate=2017-11-03}}
20. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web|title=East German, and Soviet Support Chips|url=http://www.cpushack.com/soviet-supportchips.html|publisher=The CPU shack|date=2005|accessdate=2018-02-22}}
21. ^1 {{cite book|title=Praktische Mikrocomputertechnik|trans-title=Practical microcomputer technology|language=de|first=Manfred|last=Kramer|publisher=Militärverlag der DDR|isbn=3-327-00361-0|date=1986-02-15|pages=214}}
22. ^1 2 {{cite web| title=SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY - EUROPE & LATIN AMERICA| publisher=Defense Technical Information Center| pages=66-75| url=http://www.dtic.mil/get-tr-doc/pdf?AD=ADA355493| date=22 June 1987| accessdate=12 February 2018}}
[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]
}}{{Zilog}}

3 : Microprocessors|Science and technology in East Germany|Kombinat Mikroelektronik microprocessors
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