“U-boat Front Clasp”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

U-boat Front Clasp

释义

History
Design
Classes
Notes
References

{{Infobox military award
|name=U-boat Front Clasp
|image=U-boat Front Clasp.jpg
|image_size=281px
|caption=U-boat Front Clasp
designed by Wilhelm Ernst Peekhaus
|awarded_by=Nazi Germany
|type=Badge
|eligibility=Military personnel
|for=to holders of the U-boat War Badge to recognize continued combat service and valor
|campaign=World War II
|status=Obsolete
|description=
|clasps=
|established=15 May 1944{{sfn|Angolia|1987|p=152}}
|first_award=
|last_award=
|total=
|individual=
|higher=
|same=
|lower=U-boat War Badge
}}

The U-boat Front Clasp ({{lang-de|U-Boot-Frontspange}}) or U-boat Combat Clasp, was a World War II German Kriegsmarine military decoration awarded to holders of the U-boat War Badge to recognize continued combat service and valor.{{sfn|Angolia|1987|p=152}}

History

The award was instituted on 15 May 1944 to bring the U-boat force in line with other branches of the German armed forces, all of which had a similar award to recognize valor. There were no specified merits for earning the award; decoration was based on the recommendations of the U-boat commander and subject to approval by Karl Dönitz. Awards were often due to the number of patrols completed or demonstrations of valor in combat.{{sfn|Angolia|1987|p=152}} The clasp was worn on the upper left breast.{{sfn|Angolia|1987|p=152}}

Design

Wilhelm Ernst Peekhaus of Berlin submitted the design of the badge, which consisted of a central laurel wreath with a stylized submarine and wings of oak leaves. The wings on either side consisted of six staggered oak leaves (for a total of twelve). Two crossed swords decorated the bottom of the central wreath; the submarine in the middle mimicked the design of the U-Boat War Badge. The wreath integrated an eagle with turned down wings holding a swastika.{{sfn|Angolia|1987|p=153}}{{sfn|Ailsby|1987|p=125}} After the war ended, sailors in Germany could only wear the medal if it did not include National Socialist emblems - in keeping with the German Ordensgesetz. An alternative design with a complete laurel wreath (without eagle and swastika) with a centered submarine emblem exist for this purpose.

Classes

The award was bestowed in two classes. The classes of the badge were manufactured in bronze, or silver.{{sfn|Angolia|1987|p=152}}

Bronze - the lower grade and awarded based on the number of war patrols, the degree of risks involved in the mission and for personal bravery{{sfn|Angolia|1987|p=152}}
Silver - on 24 November 1944, the silver class was introduced to further recognize bronze holders with continued merits, increased risk and acts of valor{{sfn|Angolia|1987|p=152}}

Notes

References

{{cite book | last = Ailsby | first = Christopher | title = Combat Medals of the Third Reich | publisher = Harpercollins | year = 1987 | isbn = 978-0850598223 | ref = harv }}
{{cite book | last = Angolia | first = John | title = For Führer and Fatherland: Military Awards of the Third Reich | publisher = R. James Bender Publishing | year = 1987 | isbn = 0912138149 | ref = harv }}

{{List of military decorations of the Third Reich |state=collapsed}}{{Subject bar
| portal1=Military of Germany
| portal2=World War II
}}

4 : Awards established in 1944|Military awards and decorations of Germany (Wehrmacht)|1944 establishments in Germany|Kriegsmarine

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