| 词条 | Ulmus 'Hillieri' | ||
| 释义 |
| name = Ulmus 'Hillieri' | genus = Ulmus | cultivar = 'Hillieri' | image = BH00056 Ulmus. Stanmer Park Arboretum, Brighton. (5).jpg | image_caption = 'Hillieri' in Stanmer Park Arboretum, Brighton, summer, c.2005 | origin = Winchester, England }} The elm cultivar Ulmus 'Hillieri' arose from a chance seedling at Hillier's Pitt Corner nursery near Winchester, England, in 1918,[1] and was marketed from 1928 as Ulmus hillieri,[1] a name accepted by Christine Buisman in her 1931 labelling of a specimen in France (see 'External links'). Since at least 1944 the tree has been determined a form of Ulmus × hollandica, its designation at Kew Gardens, in Green,[2] and in later Hillier catalogues.[3] In 1940, 'Hillieri' was noted as being a hybrid of uncertain origin.[4] Krüssmann notes that for a time the tree was listed by Hilliers as U. × hillieri.[6] Not to be confused with Ulmus 'Jacqueline Hillier', which also has a shrubby habit but much smaller leaves. Description'Hillieri' is a graceful, compact, slow-growing miniature tree rarely > 1.2 m in height,[5] widely branched and bearing weeping branches.[6] The small leaves (5 – 7 cm by 2.5 – 3 cm[9]) turn crimson and yellow in favourable autumns,[7] a feature of at least one Japanese Elm cultivar, 'Jacan'. The 'vivid scarlet' of the autumn leaves was noted (1940) as being a unique colouring for elms.[4] Pests and diseasesThe degree of the tree's susceptibility to Dutch elm disease (DED) is unknown. It has been noted that shrub-elms are usually less prone to infection.[8] CultivationA specimen stood in the Arboretum national des Barres, Nogent-sur-Vernisson, France, in the 1930s.[9] 'Hillier' was introduced to the US in 1954 as Ulmus hillieri.[10] An old low shrub-elm in Stanmer Park Arboretum, Brighton (2018, now storm-damaged), planted in the winter of 1965-6, with level rather than pendulous branching and leaves closely matching 'Hillieri' herbarium specimens in Kew Gardens[11] and the Arboretum national des Barres,[9] was said (2018) by Hillier Nurseries, who supplied many elms to the arboretum, to be 'Hillieri',[12] though it is about 4 m tall and lacks crimson autumn colour. Dutch authorities who examined the tree in 2010 conjectured Japanese Elm hybrid.[13] A tree cultivated in Denmark as Ulmus × hollandica 'Hillieri' or Dukke-elm (:Doll's elm) appears from photographs to be U. 'Jacqueline Hillier'.[14] A tree in the Arboretum Volčji Potok, Slovenia, labelled Ulmus × hollandica 'Hillieri', has leaves much smaller than those of 'Hillieri', and may be a form of dwarf Ulmus parvifolia.[15][16] Synonymy
Notes1. ^Hillier & Sons, Cat. 38T, p.52, 1928 (Winchester) 2. ^{{cite journal |last=Green |first=Peter Shaw |authorlink=Peter Shaw Green |date=1964 |title=Registration of cultivar names in Ulmus|url=https://archive.org/stream/arnoldiaarno_21#page/40/mode/2up/|journal=Arnoldia |volume=24|pages=41–80 |number=6–8 |publisher=Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University |access-date=16 February 2017}} 3. ^{{cite journal |last1=Terrier |first1=C. |title=La maladie des ormeaux |journal=Bulletin de la Murithienne |date=1944 |volume=62 |pages=71-84 |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/20654644.pdf |accessdate=11 October 2018}} 4. ^1 {{cite journal |last1=Weaver |first1=Sidney |title=Correspondence |journal=Gardeners' Chronicle |date=1940 |volume=108 |page=44 |url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=kWANAQAAIAAJ&q=hillieri&dq=hillieri&hl=en&sa=X |accessdate=12 October 2018}} 5. ^The 2002 edition of The Hillier Manual of Trees and Shrubs misprints as "usually less than 12 m high" (p.369). 6. ^1 {{cite book |last1=Krüssmann |first1=Gerd |title=Manual of cultivated broad-leaved trees & shrubs |date=1986 |volume=3 |page=410}} 7. ^1 Hilliers' Manual of Trees & Shrubs. (1977). David & Charles, Newton Abbot, UK. 8. ^Rafaël Govaerts, Kris Michielsen and Eike Jablonski, 'Untraced weeping broadleaf cultivars: an overview', dendrology.lu 9. ^1 2 bioportal.naturalis.nl, specimen L.1587100 10. ^Plant Inventory No. 162. [https://www.ars-grin.gov/npgs/pi_books/scans/pi162.pdf#page=79 213985] 11. ^Photographs sent from Kew in October 2018 of Kew 'Hillieri' herbarium specimens, labelled Ulmus × hollandica Mill. cv. 'Hillieri'. 12. ^Correspondence from Hillier Nurseries Limited, October 2018. 13. ^Correspondence from Holland, October 2018. 14. ^Lønbæk Planteskole, Holstebro, Denmark; loenbaek.dk 15. ^Arboretum Volčji Potok, tree photo 16. ^Arboretum Volčji Potok, leaves photo References{{reflist}}External links
2 : Unconfirmed derivation elm cultivar|Ulmus |
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