| 词条 | Ulmus 'Lobel' | ||||
| 释义 |
| name = Ulmus 'Lobel' | image = STr-B-01.JPG | image_caption = 'Lobel' elms, East Street, Brighton, UK. | hybrid = '202' ('Exoniensis' × U. wallichiana) × '336' ('Bea Schwarz' selfed) | genus = Ulmus | cultivar = 'Lobel' | origin = Wageningen, The Netherlands }} Ulmus 'Lobel' is a Dutch hybrid cultivar raised at Wageningen, derived from a crossing of clone '202' ('Exoniensis' × U. wallichiana) with '336' ('Bea Schwarz', selfed), cloned in 1962 and released for sale in 1973. Description'Lobel' is a fastigiate, small-crowned, tree not unlike the pyramidal Hornbeam Carpinus betulus 'Fastigiata'.[1][2] The typically acuminate leaves are < 11 cm long × < 7 cm broad, and notably late to flush, rarely before mid-May.[3][4] Pests and diseases'Lobel' was rated 4 out of 5 ("good") in the Netherlands for its resistance to Dutch elm disease.[5] However, in trials conducted by the Istituto per la Protezione delle Piante, Italy, 'Lobel' suffered 50% defoliation and 35.5% dieback when inoculated with unnaturally high concentrations of the fungal pathogen, compared with 2.8% and 1.2% resp. for 'Sapporo Autumn Gold'.[6] Owing to the U. wallichiana in its ancestry, young specimens of 'Lobel' proved particularly susceptible to elm yellows (phloem necrosis) in trials in Italy.[7] CultivationFollowing the development and release of cultivars such as 'Columella' more resistant to Dutch elm disease, planting is no longer recommended wherever the disease is prevalent.[8] Sales in the Netherlands declined from over 12,000 in 1989 to 1,100 in 2004.[9] However, 'Lobel' is particularly resistant to sea winds, and was accordingly planted in large numbers in the coastal provinces in The Netherlands and by Portsmouth City Council in the late 1980s, notably to replace the Huntingdon Elms lost in the Great Storm of 1987 along the Ladies' Mile on Southsea Common. There are also large plantings at Ealing and Primrose Hill, London, Brighton & Hove, and Havant. 'Lobel' was included in trials in Canberra, Australia started in 1988 but has not thrived in that environment. 'Lobel' was introduced to North America in 1991 when Heybroek donated material to the North Central Regional PI Station, Iowa State University, but the tree is not known to have been commercially released there.[10] EtymologyThe tree is named for Matthias de L'obel, the Flemish botanist also commemorated by the genus Lobelia. AccessionsNorth America
Europe
References1. ^{{cite journal |editor-first=D.A.|editor-last=Burdekin|journal = Forestry Commission Bulletin (Research on Dutch elm disease in Europe)|number=60|last=Heybroek|first= Hans M. |publisher=HMSO|location=London|date=1983|title=Resistant elms for Europe|pages=108–113|url=http://www.forestry.gov.uk/pdf/FCBU060.pdf/$FILE/FCBU060.pdf#page=118}} {{Elm species, varieties, hybrids, hybrid cultivars and species cultivars |state=collapsed}}2. ^{{cite book|last1=Heybroek|first1=H.M.|editor1-last=Sticklen|editor1-first=Mariam B.|editor2-last=Sherald|editor2-first=James L.|title=Dutch Elm Disease Research|date=1993|publisher=Springer-Verlag|location=New York, USA|pages=16–25|accessdate=26 October 2017|chapter=The Dutch Elm Breeding Program|chapter-url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=avvxBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA16&lpg=PA16#v=onepage&q&f=false|isbn=978-1-4615-6874-2}} 3. ^Santini, A., Fagnani, A., Ferrini, F., Ghelardini, L., & Mittempergher, L. (2005). Variation among Italian and French elm clones in their response to Ophiostoma novo-ulmi inoculation. Forest Pathology, 25 (2005), 183-193, Blackwell Verlag, Berlin 4. ^Photographs of 'Lobel' elm, leaves and samarae 5. ^Heybroek, H. M., Goudzwaard, L, Kaljee, H. (2009). Iep of olm, karakterboom van de Lage Landen (:Elm, a tree with character of the Low Countries). KNNV, Uitgeverij. {{ISBN|9789050112819}} 6. ^Santini, A, et al. (2002). 'San Zanobi' and 'Plinio' Elm trees. HortScience 37(7): 1139–1141, 2002. 7. ^Mittempergher, L., (2000). Elm Yellows in Europe. In: The Elms, Conservation and Disease Management. 103–119. Dunn C.P., ed. Kluwer Academic Press Publishers, Boston, USA. 8. ^{{cite journal|last1=Burdekin|first1=D.A.|last2=Rushforth|first2=K.D.|others=Revised by J.F. Webber|title=Elms resistant to Dutch elm disease|journal=Arboriculture Research Note|date=November 1996|volume=2/96|pages=1–9|url=https://www.trees.org.uk/kenticotrees/Trees.org.uk/files/90/90f2d2f6-3d77-459c-8288-d951b0bf9782.pdf|accessdate=26 October 2017|publisher=Arboricultural Advisory & Information Service|location=Alice Holt Lodge, Farnham|issn=1362-5128}} 9. ^{{cite book|last1=Hiemstra|first1=J.A.|display-authors=etal|title=Belang en toekomst van de iep in Nederland|trans-title=Importance and future of the elm in the Netherlands|date=2007|publisher=Praktijkonderzoek Plant & Omgeving B.V.|location=Wageningen, Netherlands|url=http://edepot.wur.nl/21797|accessdate=26 October 2017}} 10. ^Gibbs, J. N., Brasier, C. M., McNabb Jnr., H.S., and Heybroek, H. M. (1975). Further studies on the pathenogenicity in Ceratocystis ulmi. Europ. Journ. Forest. Path. 5 (3): 161–174. 3 : Hybrid elm cultivar|Ulmus articles with images|Ulmus |
||||
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。