| 词条 | Uncinia |
| 释义 |
| image = Uncinia.jpg | image_caption = | taxon = Uncinia | authority = Pers. | type_species = Uncinia australis | type_species_authority = Pers.[1] | synonyms =
| synonyms_ref = [2] }}Uncinia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Cyperaceae, known as hook-sedges in Australia[3] and as hook grasses or bastard grasses in New Zealand.[4] The genus is characterised by the presence of a long hook formed by an extension of the rachilla,[5] which is used to attach the fruit to passing animals (epizoochory), especially birds,[5] and it is this feature which gives the genus its name, from the Latin uncinus, meaning a hook or barb.[6] SystematicsUncinia is a "satellite genus" of the very large genus Carex, alongside other satellites such as Cymophyllus, Kobresia, Schoenoxiphium, Vesicarex.[7] Uncinia seems to form a monophyletic group, with the most distinct species being U. kingii, a species which has sometimes been placed in the genus Carex.[5] Similarly, Carex microglochin has sometimes been included in Uncinia, as U. microglochin.[8]DistributionUncinia has a Gondwanan distribution,[9] with most species found Australia, New Zealand and South America,[3] as far north as Mexico and Jamaica.[10] Of the 50–60 species, 30 are endemic to New Zealand,[11] 6 are endemic to the east coast of Australia,[3] and 4 are endemic to the Juan Fernández Islands.[12] Smaller numbers of species are also found in New Guinea, Borneo, the Philippines, Hawaii, Tristan da Cunha, Kerguelen, Île Amsterdam, Île Saint-Paul, and the Prince Edward Islands, although none are known from the mainland of Africa.[10] This distribution suggests that the genus had an origin in Antarctica.[13]It contains the following species: {{div col|colwidth=24em}}
References1. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.anbg.gov.au/abrs/online-resources/flora/stddisplay.xsql?pnid=6099 |title=Uncinia |work=Flora of Australia Online |publisher=Australian National Botanic Gardens |accessdate=2009-11-19}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q7882664}}2. ^Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families 3. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&lvl=gn&name=Uncinia |title = Genus Uncinia |work = New South Wales Flora Online |author = National Herbarium of New South Wales |accessdate = 2009-11-17}} 4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/wetlands/4 |author=Peter Johnson |title=Wetlands — Reeds, rushes, sedges and low growers' |work=Te Ara — the Encyclopedia of New Zealand |year=2009}} 5. ^{{cite book |url=https://ars.usda.gov/SP2UserFiles/Place/64022000/Publications/Bryson/Brysonetal08Chpt2.pdf |chapter=The Significance of Cyperaceae as Weeds |author=Charles T. Bryson and Richard Carter |title=Sedges: Uses, Diversity, and Systematics of the Cyperaceae |pages=15–101 |year=2008 |publisher=Missouri Botanical Garden Press |ISBN=1-930723-72-5 |editor=Robert A. Naczi & Bruce A. Ford}} 6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.anbg.gov.au/abrs/online-resources/flora/stddisplay.xsql?pnid=7334 |title=Uncinia |work=Flora of Australia Online |publisher=Australian National Botanic Gardens |accessdate=2009-11-19}} 7. ^{{cite journal |url=http://herbaria.plants.ox.ac.uk/OPS_issues/OPS9.pdf |journal=Oxford Plant Systematics |author=Julian Richard Starr |title=Systematics of Uncinia Pers. (Cyperaceae) |pages=4–5 |volume=9 |year=2002}} 8. ^{{cite journal |journal=Systematic Botany |volume=29 |issue=3 |pages=528–544 |year=2004 |title=Phylogeny of the unispicate taxa in Cyperaceae Tribe Cariceae I: generic relationships and evolutionary scenarios |author=Julian R. Starr, Stephen A. Harris and David A. Simpson |url=http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1600/0363644041744455 |doi=10.1600/0363644041744455}} 9. ^1 2 {{cite journal |title=Phylogeny and evolution in Cariceae (Cyperaceae): current knowledge and future directions |journal=The Botanical Review |year=2009 |author=Julian R. Starr & Bruce A. Ford |url=http://www.springerlink.com/content/24m7215450168277/ |doi=10.1007/s12229-008-9020-x |volume=75 |issue=1 |pages=110–137}} 10. ^1 {{cite journal |title=Notes on Cyperaceae: XX. The genus Uncinia in Malaysia |author=E. Nelmes |journal=Kew Bulletin |volume=4 |issue=2 |year=1949 |pages=140–145 |jstor=4113666}} 11. ^{{cite book |url=http://floraseries.landcareresearch.co.nz/pages/Taxon.aspx?id=_16bb6a28-3e60-4989-915d-299cb5c2ff29&fileName=Flora%202.xml#_16bb6a28-3e60-4989-915d-299cb5c2ff29 |chapter = Uncinia Pers., 1807 |title = Flora of New Zealand. Volume II: Indigenous Tracheophyta — Monocotyledons except Graminae |author = L. B. Moore & E. Edgar |year = 1970 |ISBN = 0-477-01889-0}} 12. ^{{cite journal |journal=Darwiniana |volume=45 |issue=1 |year=2007 |pages= | title = Carex and Uncinia (Cyperaceae, Cariceae) from the Juan Fernández archipelago, Chile |author = Gerald A. Wheeler |url=http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?pid=S0011-67932007000100011&script=sci_arttext}} 13. ^{{cite journal |title=Facts and speculations on phylogeny in the Tribe Cariceae of the Cyperaceae |author=E. Nelmes |journal=Kew Bulletin |volume=6 |issue=3 |year=1951 |pages=427–436 |jstor=4118022}} 3 : Uncinia|Cyperaceae genera|Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
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