| 词条 | United Nations Security Council Resolution 986 |
| 释义 |
|number = 986 |organ = SC |date = 14 April |year = 1995 |meeting = 3,519 |code = S/RES/986 |document = https://undocs.org/S/RES/986(1995) |for = 15 |abstention = 0 |against = 0 |subject = Iraq |result = Adopted |image = US Navy 050701-N-4309A-242 As the sun-sets over the Khawr Al Amaya Oil Terminal (KAAOT), another day passes safely under the watchful eye of masters-at-arms assigned to Mobile Security Detachment Two Five (MSD-25).jpg |caption = Al Basrah Oil Terminal }}United Nations Security Council resolution 986, adopted unanimously on 14 April 1995, after reaffirming all resolutions on Iraq and noting the serious humanitarian situation with the Iraqi civilian population, the Council, acting under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter, established a mechanism whereby Iraqi oil exports would finance humanitarian aid to the country, which later became known as the Oil-for-Food Programme.[1] The Security Council was convinced of the need as a temporary measure to provide humanitarian assistance to the Iraqi people until the country complied with all relevant Security Council resolutions, including Resolution 687 (1991) which allowed for further measures to be taken concerning sanctions imposed in Resolution 661 (1991). ProvisionsFirstly, countries were authorised to permit the import of petroleum, petroleum products and related financial transactions originating in Iraq for a total sum of up to US$ 1 billion every 90 days, subject to the approval of the Committee established in Resolution 661 and that payments made for oil would be made into the escrow account created by the current resolution.[2] Turkey was permitted to charge fees for using the Kirkuk-Yumurtalik pipeline in its territory. The aforementioned would come into force at 00:01 EST the day after the President of the Security Council announced that he had received a report by the Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali, with the provisions remaining in force for an initial period of 180 days. A review would be conducted halfway through this period. The following provisions would come into immediate effect. Independent inspectors and the Committee would inspect oil sales and an escrow account would be established.[3] The account would: (a) finance the export of medicine, health supplies, foodstuffs, and materials and supplies for essential civilian needs, which the Government of Iraq should agree to their equitable distribution; (b) complement the distribution of humanitarian goods by the Iraqi government; (c) transfer the same percentage of the funds deposited in the escrow account to the United Nations Compensation Commission decided by Resolution 705 (1991); (d) finance the independent inspectors and certified public accountants and other activities; (e) meet the operational costs of the United Nations Special Commission; (f) meet other expenses and costs; (g) make available up to US$ 10 million every 90 days for payments envisaged in Resolution 778 (1992). Countries were authorised, notwithstanding the provisions of Resolution 661, to export parts and equipment which are essential for the safe operation of the Kirkuk-Yumurtalik pipeline in Iraq and activities associated with it. The costs may be paid by credit pending payment into the escrow account. The Secretary-General was requested to report at 90 days and 180 days during the process, while the Committee was required to develop procedures necessary to implement the above provisions. Both were urged to take effective action to ensure the implementation of the resolution. The Council provided immunity for the petroleum and petroleum products, the escrow account and all personnel working with the United Nations in accordance with the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the United Nations. The resolution concluded by reaffirming that none of its provisions should affect Iraq's obligations concerning the repayment of foreign debt, and at the same time should not infringe on its sovereignty and territorial integrity. AftermathIraq initially rejected the resolution on the grounds that it violated its sovereignty, and did not accept its provisions until January 1996.[4][5] The programme was formally terminated on 21 November 2003 following the 2003 invasion of Iraq, and its major functions turned over to the Coalition Provisional Authority.[6] See also
References1. ^{{cite book|last=United Nations|title=United Nations: Observations on the Oil for Food Program & Iraq’s Food Security|publisher=DIANE Publishing|date=2004|isbn=978-1-4223-1041-0}} 2. ^{{cite book|last=Bailey|first=Sydney Dawson|author2=Daws, Sam |title=The procedure of the UN Security Council|publisher=Oxford University Press|date=1998|page=370|isbn=978-0-19-828073-6}} 3. ^{{cite book|last=Allain|first=Jean|title=International law in the Middle East: closer to power than justice|publisher=Ashgate Publishing, Ltd|date=2004|page=174|isbn=978-0-7546-2436-3}} 4. ^{{cite book|last=Niblock|first=Tim|title="Pariah States" & Sanctions in the Middle East: Iraq, Libya, Sudan|publisher=Lynne Rienner Publishers|date=2002|page=118|isbn=978-1-58826-107-6}} 5. ^{{cite book|last=O'Sullivan|first=Meghan L.|title=Shrewd sanctions: statecraft and state sponsors of terrorism|publisher=Brookings Institution Press|date=2003|page=111|isbn=978-0-8157-0602-1}} 6. ^[https://www.un.org/Depts/oip/ UN Office of the Iraq Program – Oil-for-Food] External links
4 : 1995 United Nations Security Council resolutions|United Nations Security Council resolutions concerning Iraq|1995 in Iraq|April 1995 events |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。