“United States C-class submarine”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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United States C-class submarine

释义

Design
Service history
Ships
See also
References
Citations Sources
External links

{{For|ship classes with a similar name|C-class submarine (disambiguation){{!}}C-class submarine}}{{Infobox ship image

Ship image=

Ship caption=USS Tarpon (later C-3), 1909
}}{{Infobox ship class overview

Name=

Builders=*Electric Boat (design)

Fore River Shipyard, Quincy, Massachusetts

USA}}

Class before=B class

Class after=D class

Subclasses=

Cost=

Built range=1906–1909

In service range=

In commission range= 1908–1919

Total ships building=

Total ships planned=

Total ships completed=5

Total ships cancelled=

Total ships active=

Total ships laid up=

Total ships lost=

Total ships retired=5

Total ships preserved=
}}{{Infobox ship characteristics

Hide header=

Header caption=

Ship type=Submarine

238|LT|t|abbr=on}} surfaced

{{convert|275|LT|t|abbr=on}} submerged

105|ft|4|in|m|abbr=on}}

13|ft|11|in|m|abbr=on}}

10|ft|m|abbr=on}}

500|hp|abbr=on}} total^[1]

2 × Electro Dynamic electric motors, {{convert|300|hp|abbr=on}} total
2 × 60-cell batteries
2 shafts^[2]

10.5|kn|lk=in}} surfaced

{{convert|9|kn}} submerged

800|nmi}} (surfaced), {{convert|80|nmi}} (submerged)

200|ft|m|abbr=on}}

Ship complement=15 (1 officer and 14 enlisted)

18|in|abbr=on|0}} bow torpedo tubes, (4 torpedoes)

Ship notes=
}}

The C-class submarines were five United States Navy submarines built by the Fore River Shipbuilding Company in Quincy, Massachusetts, under a subcontract from the Electric Boat Company. Built between 1906 and 1909, and in commission from 1908 to 1919, all five were subsequently sold for scrap in 1920. They were considerably larger than the preceding B class at 275 tons submerged vs. 173 tons submerged, and were the first United States submarines with two-shaft propulsion, doubling the machinery of the B class.

Design

These vessels included some features intended to increase underwater speed that were standard on United States submarines of this era, including a small sail and a rotating cap over the torpedo tube muzzles. For extended surface runs, the small sail was augmented with a temporary piping-and-canvas structure. Apparently, the "crash dive" concept had not yet been developed, as this would take considerable time to deploy and dismantle. This configuration remained standard through the L class, commissioned 1916-1917. The streamlined, rotating torpedo tube muzzle cap eliminated the drag that muzzle holes would otherwise cause. In the stowed position, the submarine appears to have no torpedo tubes, as the holes in the cap are covered by the bow stem. This feature remained standard through the K class, after which it was replaced with shutters that were standard through the 1950s.

Service history

The C-class submarines served in the Atlantic Fleet. On 20 May 1913, the five C-class boats of the First Group, Submarine Flotilla, Atlantic Fleet, departed Norfolk, Virginia for Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. They exercised in Cuban waters, principally conducting torpedo exercises, until 7 December 1913. On that date the C-class boats, now of the redesignated First Division, escorted by four surface ships, sailed for Cristóbal in the Panama Canal Zone. Five days later the ships completed the {{convert|700|mi|adj=on}} passage, at that time the longest cruise made by United States submarines under their own power. The submarines remained at the Coco Solo submarine base until they were decommissioned in 1919 and scrapped in 1920.^[3]

Ships

{{USS|C-1|SS-9|3}} was laid down on 3 August 1905, launched on 4 October 1906 as Octopus and commissioned on 30 June 1908. Renamed C-1 on 17 November 1911, the submarine was decommissioned on 4 August 1919, and sold for scrap on 13 April 1920.^[4]
{{USS|C-2|SS-13|3}} was laid down on 4 March 1908, launched on 8 April 1909 as Stingray and commissioned on 23 November 1909. Renamed C-2 on 17 November 1911, the submarine was decommissioned on 23 December 1919, and sold for scrap on 13 April 1920.^[5]
{{USS|C-3|SS-14|3}} was laid down on 17 March 1908, launched on 8 April 1909 as Tarpon and commissioned on 23 November 1909. Renamed C-3 on 17 November 1911, the submarine was decommissioned on 23 December 1919, and sold for scrap on 12 April 1920.^[6]
{{USS|C-4|SS-15|3}} was laid down on 17 March 1908, launched on 17 June 1909 as Bonita and commissioned on 23 November 1909. Renamed C-4 on 17 November 1911, the submarine was decommissioned on 15 August 1919, and sold for scrap on 13 April 1920.^[7]
{{USS|C-5|SS-16|3}} was laid down on 17 March 1908, launched on 16 June 1908 as Snapper and commissioned on 2 February 1910. Renamed C-5 on 17 November 1911, the submarine was decommissioned on 23 December 1919, and sold for scrap on 13 April 1920.^[8]

References

Citations

1. ^Pigboats.com C-boats page
2. ^Gardiner, p. 127
3. ^{{cite DANFS | title = C-5 | url = http://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/c/c-5.html| accessdate = 17 July 2010}}
4. ^{{Cite web |url= http://www.navsource.org/archives/08/08009.htm |title=Octopus / C-1 (SS-12) |work=navsource.org |accessdate=17 July 2010}}
5. ^{{Cite web |url= http://www.navsource.org/archives/08/08013.htm |title=Stingray / C-2 (SS-13) |work=navsource.org |accessdate=17 July 2010}}
6. ^{{Cite web |url= http://www.navsource.org/archives/08/08014.htm |title=Tarpon / C-3 (SS-14) |work=navsource.org |accessdate=17 July 2010}}
7. ^{{Cite web |url= http://www.navsource.org/archives/08/08015.htm |title=Bonita / C-4 (SS-15) |work=navsource.org |accessdate=17 July 2010}}
8. ^{{Cite web |url= http://www.navsource.org/archives/08/08016.htm |title=Snapper / C-5 (SS-16) |work=navsource.org |accessdate=17 July 2010}}

Sources

Friedman, Norman US Submarines through 1945: An Illustrated Design History, Naval Institute Press, Annapolis:1995, {{ISBN|1-55750-263-3}}.
Gardiner, Robert, Conway's all the world's fighting ships 1906-1921, Conway Maritime Press, 1985. {{ISBN|0-85177-245-5}}.
Silverstone, Paul H., U.S. Warships of World War I (Ian Allan, 1970), {{ISBN|0-71100-095-6}}.
Navsource.org early submarines page
Pigboats.com C-boats page
{{DANFS}}

External links

{{Commons category-inline|C class submarines of the United States}}

pigboats.com — The C-boats (images and crew lists)

3 : Submarine classes|United States C-class submarines|World War I submarines of the United States

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