| 词条 | Forest Grove, Oregon |
| 释义 |
|name = Forest Grove |official_name = Forest Grove, Oregon |settlement_type = City |nickname = |motto = "A place where families and businesses thrive." |image_skyline = Downtown Forest Grove, Oregon.JPG |imagesize = |image_caption = Pacific Avenue in downtown Forest Grove |image_flag = |image_seal = Forest Grove, Oregon seal.png |image_map = Washington County Oregon Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Forest Grove Highlighted.svg |mapsize = 250px |map_caption = Location in Oregon |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = | pushpin_map = USA | pushpin_map_caption = Location in the United States | subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = United States |subdivision_type1 = State |subdivision_name1 = Oregon |subdivision_type2 = County |subdivision_name2 = Washington |government_type = |leader_title = Mayor |leader_name = Peter B. Truax (D)[1] |established_title = Incorporated |established_date = 1872 |area_magnitude = |area_total_sq_mi = 5.88 |area_footnotes = [2] |area_total_km2 = 15.23 |area_land_sq_mi = 5.74 |area_land_km2 = 14.87 |area_water_sq_mi = 0.14 |area_water_km2 = 0.36 |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_urban_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |population_footnotes = [3] |population_as_of = 2010 |population_est = 22419 |pop_est_as_of = 2013 |pop_est_footnotes = [2] |population_total = 21083 |population_urban = |population_metro = |population_density_km2 = 1418.2 |population_density_sq_mi = 3673.0 |timezone = Pacific | utc_offset = −8 |timezone_DST = Pacific | utc_offset_DST = −7 |coordinates = {{coord|45|31|11|N|123|6|38|W|region:US-OR_type:city(21083)_elevation:23_source:gnis-1162990|display=inline,title}} |elevation_ft = 210 |postal_code_type = ZIP code |postal_code = 97116 |area_code = 503 and 971 |blank_name = FIPS code |blank_info = 41-26200 |blank1_name = GNIS feature ID |blank1_info = 1162990[3] |website = City of Forest Grove |footnotes = }}Forest Grove is a city in Washington County, Oregon, United States, {{convert|25|mi|0}} west of Portland. Originally a small farm town, it is now primarily a bedroom suburb of Portland. Settled in the 1840s, the town was platted in 1850, then incorporated in 1872, making it the first city in Washington County. The population was 21,083 at the 2010 census, an increase of 19.1% over the 2000 figure (17,708).[4] Located in the Tualatin Valley, Oregon routes 8, and 47 pass through Forest Grove with 47 and 8 signed as the Tualatin Valley Highway south and east of the main part of the city, respectively, Oregon Route 8 signed as Gales Creek Road west of the city, and Oregon Route 47 signed as the Nehalem Highway north of the city. Pacific University has been the most distinctive aspect of the town throughout its history. Old College Hall on campus is listed on the National Register of Historic Places along with nine other structures in the city. Local employers include the university as well as Tuality Forest Grove Hospital. HistoryPrior to the 1840s when Euro-Americans settled the area, the Atfalati band of the Kalapuya Native American tribe lived on the Tualatin Plains in what is now Forest Grove.[5] In 1841, Alvin T. and Abigail Smith were among the earliest to use the Oregon Trail and settled on what was first known as West Tualatin Plain.[6] They overwintered with Henry Harmon Spalding, arriving in what is now Forest Grove in the fall. Intending to be missionaries, they found little potential as most of the natives had succumbed to European diseases. Smith served as the community's first postmaster beginning on February 1, 1850, and his log cabin served as the post office.[6] According to Oregon Geographic Names, the name Forest Grove was selected on January 10, 1851, at a meeting of the trustees of Tualatin Academy (later known as Pacific University). Resident and school trustee J. Quinn Thornton suggested the name, which he also had used for the name of his homestead.[6] The name referred to a grove of oak trees that still stand on what is now the campus of the university.[6] Previous post offices in the area were called Tuality Plains and Tualatin, with Forest Grove adopted on December 31, 1858.[6] The city was platted in 1850. In 1860, the population reached 430, but declined to 396 in 1870.[5] Forest Grove was incorporated by the state in 1872, the first in the county.[7] In 1880, the now Chemawa Indian School opened in the city to train Native Americans, but moved to Salem in 1884. The city started the Fire Department in 1894.[8] The population reached nearly 1,300 in 1900.[5] In November 1908, the Oregon Electric Railway (OE) began serving the city,[9][10] and in January 1914, competitor Southern Pacific (SP) followed suit, opening its own line, separate from OE's.[9] Both railroads provided freight and passenger service, SP's passenger service being known as the Red Electric. A company called the Forest Grove Transportation Company operated local streetcar service that linked downtown to Carnation, Oregon, where the Oregon & California Railroad built its depot, but the service lasted only from 1906–11.[5][9] The Red Electric passenger service to Forest Grove ended in 1929 and Oregon Electric's ceased in 1932.[9] There are 12 properties individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places and two historic districts: the 18-block Clark Historic District with homes dating as far back as 1854 (and several dozen pre-1900) and the Painter's Woods Historic District.[11] These include the Alvin T. Smith House, First Church of Christ, Scientist, and Old College Hall. The Oregon Army National Guard's 2nd Battalion-218th Field Artillery Regiment is headquartered in Forest Grove. GeographyForest Grove is located on the western edge of the Portland metropolitan area and the Willamette Valley. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of {{convert|5.88|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which {{convert|5.74|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is land and {{convert|0.14|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.[12] One of the largest Giant Sequoia trees of the state of Oregon can be found in Forest Grove.[13] ClimateThis region experiences warm (but not hot) and dry summers, with no average monthly temperatures above {{convert|71.6|F|C}}. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Forest Grove has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate, abbreviated "Csb" on climate maps.[14] {{Weather box|location = Forest Grove |single line = Y | Jan record high F = 67 | Feb record high F = 77 | Mar record high F = 82 | Apr record high F = 93 | May record high F = 98 | Jun record high F = 105 | Jul record high F = 109 | Aug record high F = 108 | Sep record high F = 104 | Oct record high F = 93 | Nov record high F = 75 | Dec record high F = 64 | year record high F = 109 | Jan high F = 44.7 | Feb high F = 49.9 | Mar high F = 55.4 | Apr high F = 61.9 | May high F = 68.9 | Jun high F = 74.9 | Jul high F = 82.3 | Aug high F = 82.6 | Sep high F = 76.4 | Oct high F = 64.3 | Nov high F = 52.1 | Dec high F = 45.6 | year high F = 63.3 | Jan low F = 31.9 | Feb low F = 33.7 | Mar low F = 35.9 | Apr low F = 38.9 | May low F = 43.7 | Jun low F = 48.6 | Jul low F = 51.8 | Aug low F = 51.6 | Sep low F = 47.6 | Oct low F = 41.5 | Nov low F = 36.8 | Dec low F = 33.6 | year low F = 41.3 | Jan record low F = -18 | Feb record low F = -15 | Mar record low F = 13 | Apr record low F = 23 | May record low F = 28 | Jun record low F = 32 | Jul record low F = 34 | Aug record low F = 33 | Sep record low F = 27 | Oct record low F = 21 | Nov record low F = 6 | Dec record low F = -15 | year record low F = -18 | precipitation colour = green | Jan precipitation inch = 7.31 | Feb precipitation inch = 5.72 | Mar precipitation inch = 4.77 | Apr precipitation inch = 2.72 | May precipitation inch = 2 | Jun precipitation inch = 1.35 | Jul precipitation inch = 0.4 | Aug precipitation inch = 0.65 | Sep precipitation inch = 1.51 | Oct precipitation inch = 3.43 | Nov precipitation inch = 7.38 | Dec precipitation inch = 8.21 | year precipitation inch = 45.45 | Jan precipitation days = 20 | Feb precipitation days = 17 | Mar precipitation days = 18 | Apr precipitation days = 14 | May precipitation days = 12 | Jun precipitation days = 8 | Jul precipitation days = 3 | Aug precipitation days = 4 | Sep precipitation days = 7 | Oct precipitation days = 13 | Nov precipitation days = 19 | Dec precipitation days = 20 | Jan snow inch = 5.2 | Feb snow inch = 2.2 | Mar snow inch = 0.9 | Apr snow inch = 0 | May snow inch = 0 | Jun snow inch = 0 | Jul snow inch = 0 | Aug snow inch = 0 | Sep snow inch = 0 | Oct snow inch = 0 | Nov snow inch = 0.5 | Dec snow inch = 2.1 | year snow inch = 10.8 |source 1 = [15] |date=November 2015 }} Demographics{{US Census population|1880= 547 |1890= 668 |1900= 1096 |1910= 1772 |1920= 419 |1930= 362 |1940= 2449 |1950= 4343 |1960= 5628 |1970= 8275 |1980= 11499 |1990= 13559 |2000= 17708 |2010= 21083 |estyear=2016 |estimate=24058 |estref=[16] |footnote=U.S. Decennial Census[17] 2013 Estimate[2] }} 2010 censusAs of the census of 2010, there were 21,083 people, 7,385 households, and 4,871 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|3673.0|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 7,845 housing units at an average density of {{convert|1366.7|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 78.8% White, 0.8% African American, 1.1% Native American, 2.6% Asian, 0.3% Pacific Islander, 12.5% from other races, and 3.9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 23.1% of the population.[18] There were 7,385 households of which 37.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.1% were married couples living together, 11.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 34.0% were non-families. 27.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.71 and the average family size was 3.31.[18] The median age in the city was 32.7 years. 26.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 13.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.6% were from 25 to 44; 22.2% were from 45 to 64; and 12.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.0% male and 52.0% female.[18] 2000 censusAs of the census of 2000, there were 17,708 people, 6,336 households, and 4,131 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,850.5 people per square mile (1,486.3/km²). There were 6,702 housing units at an average density of 1,457.3 per square mile (562.5/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 81.46% White, 0.43% African American, 0.89% Native American, 2.11% Asian, 0.24% Pacific Islander, 11.39% from other races, and 3.47% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 17.31% of the population.[18] There are 6,336 households out of which 35.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.3% were married couples living together, 10.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.8% were non-families. 27.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.64 and the average family size was 3.24.[18] In the city the population was spread out with 27.4% under the age of 18, 13.4% from 18 to 24, 28.7% from 25 to 44, 16.8% from 45 to 64, and 13.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.6 males.[18] The median income for a household in the city was $40,135, and the median income for a family was $47,733. Males had a median income of $36,139 versus $25,703 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,992. About 10.4% of families and 14.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.2% of those under age 18 and 11.4% of those age 65 or over.[18] EducationThe principal landmark of Forest Grove is Pacific University, a private school of higher education. Its significant buildings include Old College Hall and Marsh Hall. Forest Grove, as well as Cornelius, Gales Creek, and Dilley, are all part of the Forest Grove School District. Public transportationForest Grove is within the TriMet district, and public transit service is provided by TriMet's bus line 57-TV Highway/Forest Grove, which operates seven days a week.[19] Line 57 connects the city with Hillsboro and Beaverton, via the Tualatin Valley Highway, and links Forest Grove with the Portland region's light rail system (MAX) in Hillsboro. Yamhill County Transit Area (YCTA) bus line 33-Hillsboro/MAX also stops in Forest Grove weekdays, at the intersection of Pacific Avenue & Highway 47 (Quince Street), and runs from Hillsboro to Gaston, Cove Orchard, Yamhill, Carlton & McMinnville via Highway 47, where riders can transfer to other YCTA buses running throughout Yamhill County.[20] Forest Grove also has a free, non-profit bus service provided by Ride Connection called "GroveLink," which goes through the suburban areas of the city.[21] Sister citiesForest Grove has one sister city, located in Japan:[22][23]
Notable people
Film locationIn the 1990s, filming for the television show, Nowhere Man, took place in Forest Grove numerous times.[26] In 2015, an episode of The Librarians was filmed at Pacific University and two other sites in Forest Grove. The city's historic Forest Theater hosted a free public screening of the episode at the same time it aired on TV .[27] See also
References
1. ^{{cite web|title=Peter Truax|url=http://www.dpo.org/people/peter-truax|website=Democratic Party of Oregon|accessdate=2 October 2015}} 2. ^1 {{cite web|title=Population Estimates |url=https://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2013/SUB-EST2013-3.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140522161634/http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2013/SUB-EST2013-3.html |dead-url=yes |archive-date=2014-05-22 |publisher=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=2014-10-02 }} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|accessdate=2008-01-31|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=United States Geological Survey|date=2007-10-25}} 4. ^{{cite web |url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/41/4126200.html}} 5. ^1 2 3 Historic Landmarks Board: History. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111002222600/http://www.forestgrove-or.gov/city-hall/historic-landmarks-board-history.html |date=2011-10-02 }} City of Forest Grove. Retrieved on December 5, 2008. 6. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite news|title=Then & Now Forest Grove|last=Conway|first=Anne Kopel|date=July 20, 2000|newspaper=The Oregonian}} 7. ^{{cite news|title=Incorporation dates|date=October 19, 1976|work=The Hillsboro Argus|department=Communities |page=21}} 8. ^{{cite web|title=Fire Department|url=http://www.forestgrove-or.gov/city-hall/fire-department.html|website=Departments|publisher=City of Forest Grove|accessdate=21 June 2014|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140709203716/http://www.forestgrove-or.gov/city-hall/fire-department.html|archivedate=9 July 2014|df=}} 9. ^1 2 3 {{cite book |last=Thompson |first=Richard |date=2008 |title=Willamette Valley Railways |pages=29, 32, 59 and 77 |publisher=Arcadia Publishing |isbn=978-0-7385-5601-7}} 10. ^{{cite web | last=Thompson | first=Richard | title=Forest Grove streetcar system | work=The Oregon Encyclopedia | url=http://www.oregonencyclopedia.org/articles/forest_grove_streetcar_system/ | accessdate=August 25, 2011}} 11. ^{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.oregonencyclopedia.org/articles/forest_grove/ |title=Forest Grove |last=Gilman |first=Elias |encyclopedia=The Oregon Encyclopedia}} 12. ^1 {{cite web |title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=2012-12-21 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/64vfLAeJ2?url=http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archivedate=2012-01-24 |df= }} 13. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.monumentaltrees.com/en/usa-giantsequoia/oregon/ |title=Giant sequoias trees in Oregon |accessdate=May 19, 2010}} 14. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=726984&cityname=Forest+Grove%2C+Oregon%2C+United+States+of+America&units= |title=Climate Summary for Forest Grove, Oregon |work=Weatherbase}} 15. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?or2997 |title=FOREST GROVE, OR (352997) |accessdate=November 23, 2015 |publisher=Western Regional Climate Center }} 16. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2016.html|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|accessdate=June 9, 2017}} 17. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|author=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=September 25, 2013|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6YSasqtfX?url=http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|archivedate=May 12, 2015|df=}} 18. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite web|title=American FactFinder|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=2012-12-21}} 19. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.trimet.org/schedules/r057.htm |title=TriMet line 57 map and schedule}} 20. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.yctransitarea.org/pdf/north.pdf|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141014001604/http://www.yctransitarea.org/pdf/north.pdf|archivedate=2014-10-14|df=}} 21. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.oregonlive.com/forest-grove/index.ssf/2014/09/forest_grove_city_council_race_4.html|title=Forest Grove City Council race: Ron Thompson calls for Grovelink funding, downtown development.|last=Rios|first=Edwin|date=September 15, 2014|work=The Oregonian|accessdate=January 22, 2019}} 22. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.econ.state.or.us/oregontrade/sistercities.htm |title=Oregon Sister Relationships—Organized by Country |publisher=Oregon Economic & Community Development Department |accessdate=September 27, 2007 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20050313060419/http://www.econ.state.or.us/oregontrade/sistercities.htm |archivedate=March 13, 2005 |df= }} 23. ^{{cite news|last1=Miller|first1=Mark|title=Forest Grove marks 30 years of sister city ties with Nyuzen|newspaper=News-Times|date=April 9, 2018|url=https://pamplinmedia.com/fgnt/36-news/391891-283920-forest-grove-marks-30-years-of-sister-city-ties-with-nyuzen|accessdate=2018-04-16}} 24. ^Forest Grove grave draws 'Little House' lovers in Portland Tribune 25. ^[https://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=29922997 Nellie Owens] on Find a Grave 26. ^{{cite web|title=Nowhere Man filiming locations|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0663093/locations|website=Internet Movie Database|accessdate=20 May 2017}} 27. ^{{cite web|title=Free screening of 'The Librarians' episode filmed in Forest Grove at Forest Theater|url=http://www.oregonlive.com/forest-grove/index.ssf/2015/12/watched_the_librarians_episode.html|website=Oregon Live|publisher=The Oregonian|accessdate=20 May 2017}}
External links{{Commons category|Forest Grove, Oregon}}
6 : Forest Grove, Oregon|Portland metropolitan area|Cities in Washington County, Oregon|1841 establishments in Oregon|University towns in the United States|Cities in Oregon |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。