In Chinese, {{lang|zh|海石}} ({{lang|zh-Latn|Hǎi Dàn}}), meaning Sea Rock, refers to an asterism consisting of υ Carinae, ε Carinae, ι Carinae, HD 83183 and HD 84810.[1] Consequently, υ Carinae itself is known as {{lang|zh|海石五}} ({{lang|zh-Latn|Hǎi Dàn wǔ}}, {{lang-en|the Fifth Star of Sea Rock}}.)[2]
The primary component, υ Carinae A, has a stellar classification of A8 Ib, making it a supergiant star that has exhausted the hydrogen at its core and evolved away from its brief main sequence lifetime as an O9 V star.[5] With an apparent magnitude of +3.08,[4] it has an effective temperature of about 7,600 K,[5] giving it a white hue. The companion, υ Carinae B, is a giant star with a classification of B7 III,[4] although Mandrini and Niemela (1986) suggested it may be a subgiant star with a classification of B4–5 IV.[5] The outer envelope of this star has an effective temperature of around 23,000 K, resulting in the blue-white hue of a B-type star.
The two stars have an angular separation of 5.030 arcseconds. As a binary star system, they would have an estimated orbital period of at least 19,500 years and a present-day separation of around 2,000 Astronomical Units.[5] This system is roughly 12 million years old.[16]
In the next 7500 years, the south Celestial pole will pass close to this stars and Iota Carinae (8100 CE).[3]
References
1. ^{{zh icon}} 中國星座神話, written by 陳久金. Published by 台灣書房出版有限公司, 2005, {{ISBN|978-986-7332-25-7}}.
2. ^{{zh icon}} AEEA (Activities of Exhibition and Education in Astronomy) 天文教育資訊網 2006 年 7 月 28 日
3. ^http://moonkmft.co.uk/Precession.html
4. ^1 {{citation | title=XHIP: An extended hipparcos compilation | last1=Anderson | first1=E. | last2=Francis | first2=Ch. | journal=Astronomy Letters | volume=38 | issue=5 | pages=331 | year=2012 | bibcode=2012AstL...38..331A | doi=10.1134/S1063773712050015 | arxiv=1108.4971 | postscript=. }}
5. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 {{citation | last1=Samedov | first1=Z. A. | title=On the visual binary υ Car and the chemical composition of its brighter component | journal=Izvestiya Krymskoj Astronomicheskoj Observatorii | volume=79 | pages=57–63 | year=1988 | bibcode=1988IzKry..79...57S }}
6. ^1 2 {{citation | last1=Mandrini | first1=C. H. | last2=Niemela | first2=V. S. | title=On the visual binary Upsilon Carinae | journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society | volume=223 | pages=79–85 |date=November 1986 | bibcode=1986MNRAS.223...79M | doi = 10.1093/mnras/223.1.79 }}
7. ^1 2 3 {{citation | last1=Eggleton | first1=P. P. | last2=Tokovinin | first2=A. A. | title=A catalogue of multiplicity among bright stellar systems | journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society | volume=389 | issue=2 | pages=869–879 |date=September 2008 | doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13596.x | bibcode=2008MNRAS.389..869E |arxiv = 0806.2878 }}
8. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite journal | last1=Nicolet | first1=B. | year=1978 | title=Photoelectric photometric Catalogue of homogeneous measurements in the UBV System | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series | volume=34 | pages=1–49 | bibcode=1978A&AS...34....1N }}
9. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | title=CCDM J09471-6504AB -- Double or multiple star | work=SIMBAD | publisher=Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg | url=http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=Upsilon+Carinae | accessdate=2012-01-26 }}