| 词条 | Fort Kent, Maine | ||||||
| 释义 |
|official_name = Fort Kent, Maine |settlement_type = Town |nickname = |motto = The Little Town That Could[1] |image_skyline = FortKentWiki.JPG |imagesize = 197x147px |image_caption = Downtown Fort Kent |image_flag = |image_seal = |pushpin_map = USA Maine |pushpin_label = Fort Kent |pushpin_label_position = bottom |pushpin_map_caption = Location in Maine |image_map = |mapsize = |map_caption = |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = United States |subdivision_type1 = State |subdivision_name1 = Maine |subdivision_type2 = County |subdivision_name2 = Aroostook |parts_type = Villages |parts = Fort Kent Fort Kent Mills Bradburys |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |leader_title1 = |leader_name1 = |established_title = Incorporated |established_date = February 23, 1869 |unit_pref = Imperial |area_footnotes = [2] |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = 142.84 |area_land_km2 = 140.30 |area_water_km2 = 2.54 |area_total_sq_mi = 55.15 |area_land_sq_mi = 54.17 |area_water_sq_mi = 0.98 |population_as_of = 2010 |population_est = 4065 |pop_est_as_of = 2012[2] |population_footnotes = [4] |population_total = 4097 |population_density_km2 = 29.2 |population_density_sq_mi = 75.6 |timezone = Eastern (EST) |utc_offset = −5 |timezone_DST = EDT |utc_offset_DST = −4 |elevation_footnotes = |elevation_m = 186 |elevation_ft = 610 |coordinates = {{coord|47|14|31|N|68|34|20|W|region:US-ME|display=inline,title}} |postal_code_type = ZIP Codes |postal_code = 04743–04744 |area_code = 207 |blank_name = FIPS code |blank_info = 23-25755 |blank1_name = GNIS feature ID |blank1_info = 0582477 |website = {{URL|www.fortkent.org}} |footnotes = }} Fort Kent is a town in Aroostook County, Maine, United States. The population was 4,097 in the 2010 census. Fort Kent is home to an Olympic biathlete training center, an annual CAN-AM dogsled race,[3] and the Fort Kent Blockhouse, built in reaction to the Aroostook War and in modern times designated a national historic site. Principal industries include agriculture (particularly potatoes and forestry) and textiles. Fort Kent is the northern terminus of U.S. 1 and the ending point of the Northern Forest Canoe Trail. HistoryFort Kent was erected in the summer of 1839 as an American border outpost during the undeclared Aroostook War. The blockhouse, the first structure built in what is present-day city of Fort Kent, was named after then-governor of Maine Edward Kent.[4][5][6] The Saint John River was a log driving route from upstream forests to downstream sawmills and paper mills until the Bangor and Aroostook Railroad and trucks began transporting pulpwood.[7] 2008 floodingAfter receiving nearly {{convert|200|in|cm}} of snow during the 2007–2008 winter season, the Saint John River began to flood on April 29. Nearly two days of nonstop rain also contributed to the flooding. As the river rose, it poured into the downtown area. More than 600 of Fort Kent's 4,233 residents were evacuated. The river's water level rose to nearly {{convert|31|ft|m}}, which was {{convert|6|ft|m}} above flood stage.[8] Governor John Baldacci declared a state of emergency for the region, flying from Augusta to see the damage first-hand. The Fish River did most of the damage, flooding St. Louis Catholic church and an apartment building. Relationship with French CanadaThe town is economically and culturally linked to the Canadian towns of Clair and Saint-François-de-Madawaska, both in Madawaska County, New Brunswick, directly across the Saint John River. Most children on the Canadian side attend French-speaking school while their American counterparts are taught mainly in English. Sixty-two percent of the residents [9] of Fort Kent are habitual speakers of French. The variety of French spoken in Fort Kent and most of the Saint John River Valley closely resembles the French spoken in Quebec and New Brunswick. It is referred to as "Valley French" or "Brayon". Many residents have American-Canadian dual citizenship. GeographyAccording to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of {{convert|55.15|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which {{convert|54.17|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is land and {{convert|0.98|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.[10] Demographics{{see also|Fort Kent (CDP), Maine}}{{US Census population|1870= 1034 |1880= 1512 |1890= 1826 |1900= 2528 |1910= 3710 |1920= 4237 |1930= 4726 |1940= 5363 |1950= 5343 |1960= 4761 |1970= 4575 |1980= 4826 |1990= 4268 |2000= 4233 |2010= 4097 |estyear=2014 |estimate=4012 |estref=[11] |footnote=U.S. Decennial Census[12] }} 2010 censusAs of the census[13] of 2010, there were 4,097 people, 1,747 households, and 1,062 families residing in the town. The population density was {{convert|75.6|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 1,922 housing units at an average density of {{convert|35.5|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the town was 94.9% White, 0.8% African American, 0.8% Native American, 0.7% Asian, 0.1% from other races, and 2.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.7% of the population. There were 1,747 households of which 25.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.5% were married couples living together, 8.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.4% had a male householder with no wife present, and 39.2% were non-families. 31.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.23 and the average family size was 2.83. The median age in the town was 42.7 years. Of residents 19.9% were under the age of 18; 12.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 20.7% were from 25 to 44; 29.5% were from 45 to 64; and 17.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 48.0% male and 52.0% female. 2000 census
As of the census[15] of 2000, there were 4,233 people, 1,735 households, and 1,106 families residing in the town. The population density was 78.2 people per square mile (30.2/km²). There were 1,824 housing units at an average density of 33.7 per square mile (13.0/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 96.95% White, 0.38% Black or African American, 0.76% Native American, 0.87% Asian, 0.28% from other races, and 0.76% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.50% of the population. There were 1,735 households out of which 28.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.0% were married couples living together, 6.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.2% were non-families. Of all households 29.3% were made up of individuals and 13.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.34 and the average family size was 2.90. In the town, the population was spread out with 22.3% under the age of 18, 11.3% from 18 to 24, 26.9% from 25 to 44, 24.0% from 45 to 64, and 15.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.7 males. The median income for a household in the town was $29,547, and the median income for a family was $41,616. Males had a median income of $35,325 versus $19,146 for females. The per capita income for the town was $16,403. About 9.5% of families and 14.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.7% of those under age 18 and 18.2% of those age 65 or over. Climate{{Weather box|location = Fort Kent, Maine (1981–2010 normals, extremes 1893–present) |single line=Yes |Jan record high F = 59 |Feb record high F = 59 |Mar record high F = 77 |Apr record high F = 83 |May record high F = 95 |Jun record high F = 98 |Jul record high F = 96 |Aug record high F = 97 |Sep record high F = 92 |Oct record high F = 83 |Nov record high F = 73 |Dec record high F = 60 |year record high F = 98 |Jan high F = 18.5 |Feb high F = 23.4 |Mar high F = 33.3 |Apr high F = 46.5 |May high F = 61.3 |Jun high F = 70.8 |Jul high F = 75.5 |Aug high F = 74.0 |Sep high F = 65.0 |Oct high F = 51.7 |Nov high F = 37.9 |Dec high F = 25.3 |year high F = 48.7 |Jan mean F = 6.6 |Feb mean F = 10.1 |Mar mean F = 21.1 |Apr mean F = 36.3 |May mean F = 49.3 |Jun mean F = 59.1 |Jul mean F = 64.4 |Aug mean F = 62.2 |Sep mean F = 53.5 |Oct mean F = 41.4 |Nov mean F = 30.0 |Dec mean F = 15.8 |year mean F = 37.6 |Jan low F = -5.3 |Feb low F = -3.2 |Mar low F = 8.9 |Apr low F = 26.2 |May low F = 37.3 |Jun low F = 47.4 |Jul low F = 53.3 |Aug low F = 50.5 |Sep low F = 42.1 |Oct low F = 31.2 |Nov low F = 22.1 |Dec low F = 6.3 |year low F = 26.5 |Jan record low F = -42 |Feb record low F = -42 |Mar record low F = -34 |Apr record low F = -12 |May record low F = 17 |Jun record low F = 29 |Jul record low F = 33 |Aug record low F = 31 |Sep record low F = 14 |Oct record low F = 7 |Nov record low F = -13 |Dec record low F = -33 |year record low F = -42 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation inch = 2.48 |Feb precipitation inch = 1.95 |Mar precipitation inch = 2.33 |Apr precipitation inch = 2.88 |May precipitation inch = 3.25 |Jun precipitation inch = 3.93 |Jul precipitation inch = 4.39 |Aug precipitation inch = 3.90 |Sep precipitation inch = 3.77 |Oct precipitation inch = 3.81 |Nov precipitation inch = 3.34 |Dec precipitation inch = 3.03 |year precipitation inch = 39.06 |Jan snow inch = 21.6 |Feb snow inch = 19.8 |Mar snow inch = 17.2 |Apr snow inch = 6.1 |May snow inch = 0.1 |Jun snow inch = 0.0 |Jul snow inch = 0.0 |Aug snow inch = 0.0 |Sep snow inch = 0.0 |Oct snow inch = 1.1 |Nov snow inch = 9.4 |Dec snow inch = 21.8 |year snow inch = 97.1 |unit precipitation days = 0.01 in |unit snow days = 0.1 in |Jan precipitation days = 12.9 |Feb precipitation days = 10.5 |Mar precipitation days = 10.1 |Apr precipitation days = 11.4 |May precipitation days = 13.5 |Jun precipitation days = 13.5 |Jul precipitation days = 14.9 |Aug precipitation days = 13.2 |Sep precipitation days = 12.8 |Oct precipitation days = 13.6 |Nov precipitation days = 12.8 |Dec precipitation days = 13.7 |year precipitation days = 152.9 |Jan snow days = 8.6 |Feb snow days = 7.5 |Mar snow days = 6.0 |Apr snow days = 2.3 |May snow days = 0.2 |Jun snow days = 0.0 |Jul snow days = 0.0 |Aug snow days = 0.0 |Sep snow days = 0.0 |Oct snow days = 0.5 |Nov snow days = 4.0 |Dec snow days = 7.9 |year snow days = 37.0 |source 1 = NOAA[16][17] }} EducationFort Kent is served by Maine School Administrative District 27. Schools in the town include Fort Kent Elementary School, Valley Rivers Middle School and Fort Kent Community High School. The town is home to the campus of the University of Maine at Fort Kent. TransportationFort Kent signed a lease agreement with the Fish River Flying Club on July 8, 2011 to repair, maintain, and operate the local municipal airport, which had been closed since the 1980s.[18] Notable eventsInternational Muskie DerbyFort Kent is home to the International Muskie Fishing Derby. The Derby was started in 2003 to provide a platform showcase the new fishery and continues today. It has brought attention to the new fishery and helped bring attention to national TV shows such as ESPN 2's Beat Charlie Moore. This show and other future shows will help show case the fishery to not only potential derby contestants but for a more secure and expanded tourist based fishery. The St John Watershed is a unique muskie habitat. Several factors make it acceptable and necessary to remove some fish from the ecosystem for the fishery to remain healthy.[19] Ploye FestivalAlong with the Muskie Derby is the Fort Kent Ploye Festival, one of the featured events is the making of the world's largest ploye. This event attracts hundreds of spectators, making it the highlight of the Ploye Festival. The massive ploye, which thus far, measures 12 feet in diameter, can only be accomplished with the help of friends and family of Bouchard Family Farm, producers or the ploye mix. It requires approximately fifteen bags of charcoal to ready the metal pan to the accurate temperature in order for the ploye to be cooked to perfection. It also needs about fifty pounds of ploye mix, lots of water (which is then mixed in five-gallon pails) and plenty of muscle for stirring the mix. Five people are required to transport the mix from the pails to the awaiting pre-heated pan and also four people to spread the mix out as fast as possible. The thin batter cooks quickly, so time is of the essence. Once cooked, the enormous pan is then removed from the coals, and the ploye is taken off with huge spatulas. Pieces of the giant ploye are then plopped onto large trays and brought to nearby tables where they can be buttered with brushes, and distributed to the eagerly awaiting crowd.[20] World Cup IBUThe Fort Kent Outdoor Center (previously known as 10th Mountain) has hosted a multitude of World Cup biathlon events, including the largest events in 2004 and 2011, where racers from around the globe took part in various biathlon events in Fort Kent. During the 2011 World Cup Biathlon, Chicago Bulls superstar Scotty Pippen visited Fort Kent to witness the race. 2010–11 Biathlon World Cup – World Cup 8 The World Cup Biathlon will be returning to Northern Maine in 2016.[21] World Acadian CongressNorthern Maine and parts of New Brunswick and Quebec participated in the World Acadian Congress to celebrate the rich Acadians history of the area in 2014. Multiple family reunions and events took place during the time, including concerts, parades, and festivals.[22] Can Am Crown International Sled Dog RaceThe Can-Am Crown International Sled Dog Race was first held on Tuesday, February 16, 1993. Nine teams from Maine, Ontario, Quebec, and New Brunswick competed in that race. In 1994 sixteen teams competed in the 250-mile race and eleven in the newly introduced 60-mile race. In 1997 a 30-mile race was added to the itinerary. That same year, the first Saturday in March was established as the official start date for all three races. The race begins on Main Street in Fort Kent, sloping underneath the international bridge to Canada, then extending into the western parts of the Allagash wilderness, and finishes back in Fort Kent. Three races are part of the CAN-AM Crown, consisting of a 30-mile, 60 mile, and an Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race qualifying 250 mile race.[23] Notable people
See also{{Portal|Acadia}}References1. ^Stemming from a local during the 2004 Biathlon World Cup 2. ^{{cite web |title=Population Estimates |url=https://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2012/SUB-EST2012.html |publisher=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=2013-07-06 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6HQu4Spqa?url=http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2012/SUB-EST2012.html |archivedate=June 17, 2013 |df= }} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://can-am.sjv.net/ |title=CAN-AM CROWN INTERNATIONAL SLED DOG RACE |publisher=can-am.sjv.net |accessdate=2010-07-14 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100416064115/http://can-am.sjv.net/ |archivedate=April 16, 2010 |df= }} 4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.fortkentchamber.com/ |title=Fort Kent Chamber of Commerce |publisher=www.fortkentchamber.com |accessdate=2011-01-19 }} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.nps.gov/maac/planyourvisit/blockhouse.htm |work= NPS-Maine Acadian Culture |title= Fort Kent Blockhouse|publisher= U.S. National Park Service |accessdate=2011-01-19 }} 6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.nationalregisterofhistoricplaces.com/me/Aroostook/state.html |title= Maine - Aroostook County|publisher=National Register of Historical Places |accessdate=2011-01-19 }} 7. ^{{cite book| title=Rail Service in the Midwest and Northeast Region |author=United States Department of Transportation |publisher=United States Government Printing Office |year=1974 |isbn= |pages=}} 8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.pressherald.com/archive/a-flood-for-the-ages_2008-05-01.html |date=March 17, 2008 |title=A FLOOD FOR THE AGES |work=The Portland Press Herald / Maine Sunday Telegram |publisher=Maine Today Media |accessdate=2010-07-14 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728065344/http://www.pressherald.com/archive/a-flood-for-the-ages_2008-05-01.html |archivedate=July 28, 2011 |df=mdy-all }} 9. ^{{cite web |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/QTTable?_bm=y&-geo_id=06000US2300325755&-qr_name=DEC_2000_SF4_U_DP2&-ds_name=DEC_2000_SF4_U&-_lang=en&-redoLog=false&-_sse=on |title=Fort Kent town, Aroostook County, Maine - DP-2. Profile of Selected Social Characteristics: 2000 (Total population) |publisher=factfinder.census.gov |accessdate=2010-07-14 }} 10. ^1 {{cite web|title=US Gazetteer files 2010|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/gazetteer2010.html|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=2012-12-16}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2014/SUB-EST2014.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150523034651/https://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2014/SUB-EST2014.html |dead-url=yes |archive-date=May 23, 2015 |title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2014 |accessdate=June 4, 2015 }} 12. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html |title=Census of Population and Housing |publisher=Census.gov |accessdate=June 4, 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6YSasqtfX?url=http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html |archivedate=May 12, 2015 |df= }} 13. ^1 {{cite web|title=American FactFinder|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=2012-12-16}} 14. ^{{cite web|url=https://apps.mla.org/cgi-shl/docstudio/docs.pl?map_data_results}} 15. ^{{cite web|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov |publisher=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=2008-01-31 |title=American FactFinder |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130911234518/http://factfinder2.census.gov/ |archivedate=September 11, 2013 |df= }} 16. ^{{cite web| url = http://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=car| title = NowData - NOAA Online Weather Data| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration| accessdate = March 18, 2016}} 17. ^{{cite web| url = ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/1981-2010/products/station/USC00172878.normals.txt| title = ME FT Kent| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration| accessdate = March 18, 2016}} 18. ^{{cite web|url=http://theraf.org//|title=Recreational Aviation Foundation|website=theraf.org}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.fortkent-muskie.com/fkmuskweb_007.htm|title=Catch and Release|website=www.fortkent-muskie.com}} 20. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.ployes.com/news/festival.html |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2015-08-26 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150828065146/http://www.ployes.com/news/festival.html |archivedate=August 28, 2015 |df=mdy-all }} 21. ^{{cite web|url=http://10thmtskiclub.org/|title=Welcome to the Fort Kent Outdoor Center - Fort Kent Outdoor Center|website=Fort Kent Outdoor Center}} 22. ^{{cite web|url=http://cma2014.com/en/|website=2014 World Acadian Congress}} 23. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.can-am-crown.net/Stats.htm|title=Can-Am Crown Race Statistics|website=www.can-am-crown.net}} 24. ^{{cite web|title=Pinkham, Dora|url=http://maineanencyclopedia.com/pinkham-dora/}} 25. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?299080-1/qa-mike-daisey|title=Q&A Mike Daisey, Apr 15 2011 - Video - C-SPAN.org|website=C-SPAN.org}} External links{{Wikivoyage|Fort Kent}}
5 : French-Canadian culture in Maine|Fort Kent, Maine|Populated places on the Saint John River (Bay of Fundy)|Towns in Aroostook County, Maine|Towns in Maine |
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