| 词条 | Fort Perch Rock | ||
| 释义 |
|name = Fort Perch Rock |native_name = |partof = |location = New Brighton, United Kingdom |image = Fort Perch Rock, New Brighton-by-Tom-Pennington.jpg |image_size = 300px |caption = |pushpin_map = Merseyside |pushpin_map_caption = Location of Fort Perch Rock in Merseyside |pushpin_label = Fort Perch Rock |pushpin_label_position = left |coordinates = {{coord|53.4427|-3.0412|display=inline,title}} |map_size = |map_alt = |map_caption = |type = Coastal Fort |code = |built = {{Start date|1825}} |builder = |materials = Sandstone |height = |used = |demolished = |condition = Good, Grade II listed[1] |ownership = Museum |open_to_public = Special occasions |controlledby = United Kingdom |garrison = |current_commander = |commanders = |occupants = |battles = |events = |image2 = |caption2 = }}Fort Perch Rock is a former defence installation situated at the mouth of Liverpool Bay in New Brighton. Built in the 1820s to defend the Port of Liverpool, its function has changed from defensive, to tourist attraction and museum. It has been, and is still used as a venue for musical concerts and has been listed as a Grade II* Listed Building.[2] HistoryFort Perch Rock is a coastal defence battery built between 1825 and 1829, with the foundation stone being laid in 1826.[1][3] It was built to protect the Port of Liverpool and proposed as a fortified lighthouse to replace the old Perch Rock Light, however a separate lighthouse was built.[3] The fort was built on an area known as Black Rock, and was cut off at high tide.[3] However, coastal reclamation has made it fully accessible. It is currently open as a museum.[4] The Fort covers an area of about {{convert|4000|sqyd|m2}},[3] with enough space for 100 men. It was built with red sandstone from the Runcorn quarries.[3] The height of the walls ranges from {{convert|24|ft|m}} to {{convert|32|ft|m}}, and the towers are {{convert|40|ft|m}} high.[3] The Fort originally had a drawbridge, and a Tuscan portal which bore the coat of arms and the words 'Fort Perch Rock'.[3] At one point it was armed with 18 guns, of which 16 were 32-pounders,[3][5] mounted on platforms.[6] It was nicknamed the 'Little Gibraltar of the Mersey'.[3] The foundation stone reads: This foundation stone of the Rock Perch Battery, projected by and under the direction of John Sikes Kitson, Esquire, Captain in the Royal Engineers, for the defence of the port was laid on 31st March 1826 by Peter Bourne, Esquire, Mayor of Liverpool in the 7th year of the reign of His Majesty George IV. His Grace, the Duke of Wellington , Master General of the Ordnance.[7] The projected cost of building was £27,065.0s.8d. Kitson ensured that this budget was not exceeded, finishing the fort for a total cost of £26,965.0s.8d.[3] Modern useIn the late 1970s, the fort could be hired as a party venue. During this time Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark founder members Andy McCluskey and Paul Humphreys played there as members of the short lived Wirral group The Id. Since the 1990s, the fort has played host to various musical events including, in the summer of 2006, a number of rock concerts which were organised by a group of young Wallaseyans. The nights were called "Nautical" and were featured in the Guardian newspaper and named NME club of the week for the 1 September 2006 show, which featured British Sea Power and the Tiny Dancers.{{Citation needed|date=January 2008}} The fort features a museum with displays including military aviation, maritime history, and the Fort Perch Rock Marine Radio Museum with exhibits of marine wireless communications devices.[4][8] In Literature{{wikisource|Letitia Elizabeth Landon (L. E. L.) in Fisher's Drawing Room Scrap Book, 1832/Black-Rock|The Black-Rock Fort and Lighthouse,a poem by L. E. L.}} In the poem 'The Black-Rock Fort and Lighthouse', Letitia Elizabeth Landon imagines the beacon light as a welcoming sight to voyagers returning to their home in England. GallerySee also
References1. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.victorianforts.co.uk/pdf/datasheets/perchrock.pdf|title=Fort Perch Rock|work=victorianforts.co.uk|accessdate=26 June 2015}} 2. ^{{cite web |url=http://britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-444470-fort-perch-rock-wallasey |title=Fort Perch Rock - Wallasey - Merseyside - England |publisher=British Listed Buildings |accessdate=12 December 2010}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 {{cite web|url=http://www.merseyside.net/newbrighton/pages/fort.htm|title=The New Brighton Fort|work=merseyside.net|accessdate=26 June 2015}} 4. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.visitwirral.com/attractions-and-activities/fort-perch-rock-p44205|title=Fort Perch Rock|work=visitwirral.com|accessdate=26 June 2015}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.fortperchrock.org/Fort_Perch_Rock/Home.html|title=A brief history of Fort Perch Rock|work=fortperchrock.org|accessdate=26 June 2015}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.palmerstonfortssociety.org.uk/userassets/pfs%20journals/sample%20redan%202.pdf|title=Defences of the Mersey|first=Ian|last=Stevenson|work=palmerstonfortsociety.org.uk|page=104|accessdate=26 June 2015}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.old-merseytimes.co.uk/perchrock.html|title=Fort Perch Rock|work=old-merseytimes.co.uk|accessdate=26 June 2015}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.radioofficers.com/galleries/fort-perch-museum/|title=Fort Perch Rock Museum|work=radioofficers.com|accessdate=26 June 2015}} Bibliography
External links{{commonscat|Fort Perch Rock}}
7 : 19th-century forts in England|Forts in Merseyside|Museums in Merseyside|Telecommunications museums in the United Kingdom|New Brighton, Merseyside|Buildings and structures in the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral|Military and war museums in England |
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