| 词条 | USS Sioux (AT-75) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
USS Sioux (AT-75) was a {{sclass-|Navajo|fleet tug}} of the United States Navy that saw service during World War II, and in the Korean and Vietnam Wars.{{sfn|Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships: Sioux}} The ship was laid down on 14 February 1942 by United Engineering Co. of San Francisco, California, at Mare Island Navy Yard.{{sfn|Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships: Sioux}} Sioux was launched on 27 May 1942 sponsored by Mrs. Evelyn H. Sims of Jefferson, Texas, the mother of five sons serving in the Navy.{{sfn|Pacific Marine Review|(1942)|p=72}} USS Sioux commissioned on 6 December 1942, Lt (jg.) L. M. Jahnsen in command.{{sfn|Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships: Sioux}} World War II Pacific Theater operationsAfter a brief shakedown period off the Pacific coast of the United States, Sioux departed from the west coast on 3 February 1943; towed YO-8 to Pearl Harbor; and continued on to the South Pacific. Sioux was in the war zone by 30 June 1943 and participated in rear-echelon activities in support of the New Georgia operation.{{sfn|Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships: Sioux}} During the periods 1 November to 15 December 1943 and 25 December 1943 to 4 February 1944, she accompanied six reinforcement echelons to Cape Torokina on Bougainville in the Solomons. In January and February 1944, Sioux was active in support of the Kavieng and Rabaul raids. She was an element of the support unit for the ships engaged in the Battle for Leyte Gulf in late October 1944 and for the 3rd Fleet during the major portion of the following month.{{sfn|Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships: Sioux}} Supporting Iwo Jima operationsShe supported the Fast Carrier Task Force (Task Force 58) during its air strikes on Japan in mid-February 1945 and during the Iwo Jima assault later in the month. From March into June, Sioux was assigned to the Okinawa invasion support group; and, in July, she again supported carrier strikes on the Japanese homeland. On the afternoon of 14 May 1945, while on station in the waters between Okinawa and the Western Carolines, Sioux took her place beside her big sisters in the battle fleet when her gunners spotted a Kaiten, a Japanese two-man, suicide submarine, and sank it with 40 millimeter gunfire.{{sfn|Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships: Sioux}} End of War operationsFollowing the war's end, she did towing duty in the Surigao Strait and between Leyte and Okinawa. From January until September 1946, the tug was in the Marshall Islands supporting "Operation Crossroads", the atomic bomb tests conducted at Bikini Atoll. On 2 December 1946, Sioux began inactivation procedure at Terminal Island Naval Shipyard, Long Beach, California. She reported to the Commander, San Diego Group, Pacific Reserve Fleet on 22 April 1947 and was decommissioned the next day. She entered the Pacific Reserve Fleet and was berthed at San Diego.{{sfn|Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships: Sioux}} Recommissioning for Korean WarSioux recommissioned at San Diego on 15 October 1952, Lt. T. B. Hurtt in command. She was assigned to Service Squadron 1 at San Diego Naval Station. From recommissioning until 1965, her deployments were fairly evenly divided between the northern Pacific and western Pacific, with non-deployment periods taken up by routine operations along the Pacific coast of the United States.{{sfn|Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships: Sioux}} Nuclear Testing operationsIn 1954, Sioux participated in her second series of nuclear tests in the Pacific and returned again for the third series in 1956. Her deployment in 1958 was to the Aleutian Islands in the northern Pacific. In 1959, she deployed both to the Far East and to the northern Pacific, operating out of Adak, Alaska. In December 1962, she returned to the western Pacific, remaining until May 1963. Two months after her return to San Diego, she underwent a three-month overhaul; then resumed towing duties along the west coast. On the second day of 1964, she deployed to Adak again and remained until March, returning to San Diego, via Seattle, on the 25th. She resumed west coast operations and continued in that employment throughout the remainder of 1964 and for the first four months of 1965.{{sfn|Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships: Sioux}} Vietnam War activityThe tug's schedule of deployments changed after 1965 as a result of the escalation of the Vietnam War. Her overseas movements, from that time forward, were restricted to the western Pacific. On 10 May 1965, she departed San Diego for the Far East. While there, she visited Da Nang, South Vietnam, in July after towing YOG-196 there from Subic Bay; then, on 7 July, departed for a two-week tour of duty performing surveillance in the South China Sea. Sioux returned to operations out of Subic Bay until 10 September when she commenced another 18 days of surveillance in the South China Sea.{{sfn|Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships: Sioux}} For the next seven years, Sioux alternated between deployments to WestPac and routine operations out of San Diego. Between 1965 and 1972, 1969 was the only year during which she saw no service in the western Pacific. During each of her Far East tours, she entered the war zone around Vietnam, visiting Da Nang several times, Cam Ranh Bay at least once and other, less well known places such as Qui Nhơn and Vũng Tàu.{{sfn|Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships: Sioux}} Decommissioning and sale to the Turkish NavyOn 4 March 1972, upon her return to San Diego from her last WestPac cruise, Sioux commenced west coast operations again. This employment lasted until October when preparations were made for the transfer of Sioux to the Turkish Navy on lease. The transfer took place on 30 October 1972, and Sioux was renamed Gazal (A-587). In August 1973, Sioux was transferred back to the United States, then retransferred, by sale, to Turkey. All of this, including the striking of her name from the Navy List, occurred on 15 August 1973.{{sfn|Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships: Sioux}} Gazal is still in service as of April 2017 (Sedat EROL) AwardsUSS Sioux (ATF-75) earned four battle stars on the Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal for World War II service, and eight battle stars for service in the Vietnam War.{{sfn|Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships: Sioux}} See also
ReferencesBibliography{{refbegin}}
External links
4 : Cherokee-class fleet tugs|World War II auxiliary ships of the United States|Ships built in Vallejo, California|1942 ships |
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