| 词条 | Vachana sahitya |
| 释义 |
Vachana sahitya is a form of rhythmic writing in Kannada (see also Kannada poetry) that evolved in the 11th century CE and flourished in the 12th century,as a part of the Sharana movement. The word "vachanas" literally means "(that which is) said". These are readily intelligible prose texts. Devara Dasimayya who lived in the mid 10th century is considered the first proponent of lingayatism.{{Citation needed|date=August 2018}} Later poets, such as [Basava] (1160), the founder of Lingayatism, prime minister of [Kalachuris of Kalyani|Southern Kalachuri] [Bijjala II|King Bijjala II], considered Chennaiah to be his literary father. Vachanas and Sharana movementBasavaadi Sharana's Vachanas are their experiences in the process of God realization. About 800 sharanas practiced the technique and wrote their experiences in terms of Guru (Unmanifest Chaitanya), Linga (Manifest Chaitanya), Jangama (Pure consciousness of Lingatattva in one's prana), Padodaka (intimacy with the knower/source of Lingatattva), and Prasada (becoming lingatattva).{{citation needed|date=April 2015}} As per record, this form exchange of experience of the realization of the God in group discussion has happened only in Karnataka by the sharanas mainly under the guidance of Basavanna the founder of Lingayth religion, Channa Basavanna Allama Prabhu and Siddarameshwar. This fact has been attributed to the popularity of the movement. More than 200 Vachana writers (Vachanakaras) have been recorded and more than thirty of whom were women.[1][2] Vachanas{{quotation|{{indic |lang=kn|align = right||indic= ಉಳ್ಳವರು ಶಿವಾಲಯ ಮಾಡುವರು ನಾನೇನು ಮಾಡಲಿ ಬಡವನಯ್ಯಾ ಎನ್ನ ಕಾಲೇ ಕಂಬ, ದೇಹವೇ ದೇಗುಲ, ಶಿರವೇ ಹೊನ್ನ ಕಳಸವಯ್ಯಾ ಕೂಡಲಸಂಗಮದೇವಾ ಕೇಳಯ್ಯಾ, ಸ್ಥಾವರಕ್ಕಳಿವುಂಟು ಜಂಗಮಕ್ಕಳಿವಿಲ್ಲ |defaultaudio=Audio File.ogg|indicaudio=Audio File.ogg|trans= uLLavaru shiválaya máduvaru nánénu mádali badavanayyá enna kále kambha dehavé degula shiravé honna kaLashavayyá Kúdala Sangama Devá keLayya sthavarakkaLivunTu jangamakaLivilla The rich will make temples for Shiva. My legs are pillars, Listen, O lord of the meeting rivers, |source=Basava}} }} Vachanas are brief paragraphs, and they end with one or the other local names under which Shiva is invoked or offered Pooja. In style, they are epigrammatical, parallelistic and allusive. They dwell on the vanity of riches, the valuelessness of mere rites or book learning, the uncertainty of life and the spiritual privileges of Shiva Bhakta (worshiper of lord Shiva).[4] The Vachanas call men to give up the desire for worldly wealth and ease, to live lives of sobriety and detachment from the world and to turn to Siva for refuge.[4] Authors of a particular Vachana can be identified by the style of invocation of God (Basveshvara invokes "Kudala Sangama Deva", while Allama Prabhu invokes "Guheshwara", Akkamadevi invokes "Channa Mallikarjuna", Siddhrama (Siddheshwar) of Solapur invokes "Kapilasidda Mallikarjuna") in the vachana. The existing readings of the vachanas are mostly set by the European understanding of the Indian traditions. About 20,000 vachanas have been published. The government of Karnataka has published Samagra Vachana Samputa in 15 volumes. Karnataka University Dharwad has published collections of individual vachana poets. Jedara Dasimaiah is called the 'Adya Vachanakara' (The First Vachanakara). See also
Notes1. ^Sastri (1955), p361 2. ^Other well known Vachana writers were Chennabasava, Prabhudeva, Siddharama, Kondaguli Kesiraja etc. (Narasimhacharya 1988, p20) 3. ^Speaking of Siva, by A. K. Ramanujan. Penguin. 1973. {{ISBN|9780140442700}}. p. 1. 4. ^1 Edward Rice, A History of Kannada Literature, 1921, Asian Educational Services, (Reprinted 1982), pp 56 References
Further reading
External links{{Wikisource|ವಚನ_ಸಾಹಿತ್ಯ }}{{commons category|Vachana Sahitya}}
3 : Indian poetics|Kannada literature|Lingayatism |
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