| 词条 | Validation of marriage |
| 释义 |
In Catholic canon law, a validation of marriage or convalidation of marriage is the validation of a Catholic putative marriage. A putative marriage is one when at least one party to the marriage wrongly believes it to be valid.[1] Validation involves the removal of a canonical impediment, or its dispensation, or the removal of defective consent.[2][3] However, the children of a putative marriage are legitimate.[4] Dispensation{{see also|Canonical impediment}}The Pope or a bishop can give a dispensation to an impediment, giving the marriage retroactive validation called radical sanation or sanatio in radice (Latin: "healing in the root"). [Some impediments can only be dispensed by the pope, while all others can be dispensed by _____________or a bishop.][5] Sanatio in radice retroactively dispenses the impediment and makes a putative marriage valid from the time the sanatio is granted.[6] The sanatio revalidates a marriage by reason of a consent formerly given, but ineffective because of an impediment.[6] When the impediment is removed or dispensed, the consent is ipso facto ratified and no renovation is required. In such a case, it is requisite that the consent of both parties to the marriage had not ceased and that their marriage had had the external appearance of a true marriage. Renewal of consentIf the impediment to a marriage is a defective consent by one or both parties, a simple renewal of consent removes the impediment and can affect validation.[2] When a couple has received a dispensation, the partners may validate the marriage by a simple renewal of consent according to canonical form as a new act of the will.[7] When the impediment had affected only one of the parties and the other was unaware of the impediment, only the one aware of the impediment must renew consent.[7] If the impediment is known to both parties, or the impediment is public, then a public renewal of consent by both parties is required.[8] References1. ^can. 1061, 3 CIC/83 2. ^1 can. 1156, 1 CIC/83 3. ^Wm. Woestman, Canon Law of the Sacraments for Parish Ministry, 2007, 355 4. ^Wm. Woestman, Canon Law of the Sacraments for Parish Ministers, 2007, 278. 5. ^can. 1165 CIC/83 6. ^1 can. 1161, 1 CIC/83 7. ^1 can. 1157 CIC/83. 8. ^can. 1158, 1 CIC/83 BibliographyCode of Canon Law - Wm. Woestman, Canon Law of the Sacraments for Parish Ministry, Ottawa 2007. {{Catholic|wstitle=Validation of Marriage}} 2 : Matrimonial canon law|Marriage (Catholic Church) |
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