| 释义 |
- Location
- See also
- Maps
- References
Varna Peninsula (Poluostrov Varna \\po-lu-'os-trov 'var-na\\) is a roughly rectangular predominantly ice-covered peninsula forming the northeast extremity of Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. It is bounded by Hero Bay to the northwest, by Moon Bay to the southeast, and by McFarlane Strait to the northeast. The peninsula is approximately 14 km long in the southwest-northeast direction and 10 km wide, with a central area occupied by Vidin Heights. The north and east extremities of Varna Peninsula are formed by Phelps Promontory and Williams Point, and by Inott Point respectively. The coast is indented by Lister Cove and Dragon Cove to the northeast, and by Griffin Cove, Charybdis Cove and Eliseyna Cove to the northwest. Bezmer Point is also on the northwest coast of the peninsula. The area was visited by early 19th century sealers. Williams Point was the first land discovered in the Antarctic Treaty area, by the British navigator William Smith on 19 February 1819. Varna is the name of a major city on the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast. This is one of the Bulgarian names bestowed on previously nameless geographical features by the Tangra 2004/05 Expedition. LocationThe midpoint is located at {{coord|62|30|55|S|60|09|45|W|display=inline,title}} (British mapping in 1822 and 1968, Chilean in 1971, Argentine in 1980, Spanish mapping in 1991, and Bulgarian topographic survey Tangra 2004/05 and mapping in 2005 and 2009). See also- Vidin Heights
- Livingston Island
Maps- South Shetland Islands. Scale 1:200000 topographic map. DOS 610 Sheet W 62 60. Tolworth, UK, 1968.
- Islas Livingston y Decepción. Mapa topográfico a escala 1:100000. Madrid: Servicio Geográfico del Ejército, 1991.
- L.L. Ivanov. Livingston Island: Central-Eastern Region. Scale 1:25000 topographic map. Sofia: Antarctic Place-names Commission of Bulgaria, 1996.
- S. Soccol, D. Gildea and J. Bath. Livingston Island, Antarctica. Scale 1:100000 satellite map. The Omega Foundation, USA, 2004.
- L.L. Ivanov et al., Antarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich Island, South Shetland Islands (from English Strait to Morton Strait, with illustrations and ice-cover distribution), 1:100000 scale topographic map, Antarctic Place-names Commission of Bulgaria, Sofia, 2005
- L.L. Ivanov. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich, Robert, Snow and Smith Islands. Scale 1:120000 topographic map. Troyan: Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2010. {{ISBN|978-954-92032-9-5}} (First edition 2009. {{ISBN|978-954-92032-6-4}})
- Antarctic Digital Database (ADD). Scale 1:250000 topographic map of Antarctica. Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR). Since 1993, regularly upgraded and updated.
- L.L. Ivanov. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Smith Island. Scale 1:100000 topographic map. Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2017. {{ISBN|978-619-90008-3-0}}
References- [https://data.aad.gov.au/aadc/gaz/scar/display_name.cfm?gaz_id=105046 Varna Peninsula.] SCAR Composite Antarctic Gazetteer.
- Ivanov, L. General Geography and History of Livingston Island. In: Bulgarian Antarctic Research: A Synthesis. Eds. C. Pimpirev and N. Chipev. Sofia: St. Kliment Ohridski University Press, 2015. pp. 17-28. {{ISBN|978-954-07-3939-7}}
- Bulgarian Antarctic Gazetteer. Antarctic Place-names Commission. (details in Bulgarian, basic data in English)
{{Bulgarian-named Antarctic place}}{{LivingstonIsland-geo-stub}} 3 : Peninsulas of Livingston Island|Bulgaria and the Antarctic|Varna |