| 词条 | Viktor Hamburger |
| 释义 |
| name = Viktor Hamburger | image = | image_size = | caption = | birth_date = {{Birth date|1900|7|9}} | birth_place = Landeshut, Silesia | death_date = {{death date and age|2001|6|12|1900|7|9}} | death_place = St. Louis, Missouri | residence = | citizenship = | nationality = German | spouse = | children = | fields = Embryology | workplaces = Washington University in St. Louis | alma_mater = University of Freiburg | thesis_title = | thesis_url = | thesis_year = | doctoral_advisor = Hans Spemann | academic_advisors = | doctoral_students = | notable_students = | known_for = Nerve growth factor | signature = }}Viktor Hamburger (July 9, 1900 – June 12, 2001)[1] was a German professor and embryologist. In 1951 he co-authored the Hamburger-Hamilton stages. Hamburger lectured, among others, Nobel Prize-winning neurologist Rita Levi-Montalcini,[2] who identified nerve growth factor along with Hamburger when they collaborated. Hamburger began to work at Washington University in St. Louis in 1935; he retired from his professor position in 1969 and continued researching until the 1980s.[3] Early lifeHamburger was born on {{Birth date|1900|7|9}} in Landeshut, Silesia, Germany to Max Hamburger and Else Gradenwitz.[4] CareerIn the 1960s, Hamburger did embryological work that established that chick movements in embryo were spontaneous patterns, a finding that contradicted contemporary assertions of behavioral psychologists.[3][5] Hamburger later revisited nerve growth factor, demonstrating that it was required for the maintenance of neural cells.[6] Selected Awards
References
1. ^{{cite web|last = Noden|first = Drew M.|title = Viktor Hamburger (1900-2001)|publisher = Society for Developmental Biology|url = http://www.sdbonline.org/archive/SDBMembership/hamburger-obit.html|accessdate = 2008-05-09}} 2. ^{{Cite journal | last1 = Cowan | first1 = W. M. | doi = 10.1146/annurev.neuro.24.1.551 | title = Viktor Hamburger Andrita Levi-Montalcini: The Path to the Discovery of Nerve Growth Factor | journal = Annual Review of Neuroscience | volume = 24 | pages = 551–600 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11283321 | pmc = }} 3. ^1 {{Cite news | issn = 0362-4331 | last = Freeman | first = Karen | title = Viktor Hamburger, 100, Dies; Embryologist Revealed Architecture of Nervous System | work = The New York Times | accessdate = 2013-05-26 | date = 2001-06-14 | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2001/06/14/obituaries/14HAMB.html }} 4. ^{{Cite book| publisher = Society for Neuroscience| isbn = 0-916110-51-6| pages = 223| editor-first = Larry R.| editor-last = Squire| last = Hamburger| first = Viktor| authorlink = Viktor Hamburger| title = The history of neuroscience in autobiography| chapter = Viktor Hamburger| location = Washington DC| accessdate = 2013-08-05| year = 1996| chapterurl = http://www.sfn.org/about/history-of-neuroscience/~/media/SfN/Documents/Autobiographies/c7.ashx| ref = harv}} 5. ^{{Cite journal | last1 = Hamburger | first1 = V. | last2 = Wenger | first2 = E. | last3 = Oppenheim | first3 = R. | doi = 10.1002/jez.1401620202 | title = Motility in the chick embryo in the absence of sensory input | journal = Journal of Experimental Zoology | volume = 162 | issue = 2 | pages = 133 | year = 1966 | pmid = | pmc = }} 6. ^{{Cite encyclopedia | publisher = Arizona State University, School of Life Sciences, Center for Biology and Society. | last = Navis | first = Adam R. | title = Viktor Hamburger | encyclopedia = Embryo Project Encyclopedia | location = Tempe, Arizona | accessdate = 2013-05-26 | date = 2012-05-08 | url = http://hpsrepository.mbl.edu/handle/10776/1671 }} 7. ^http://www.uu.se/en/about-uu/traditions/prizes/honorary-doctorates/
| publisher = Society for Neuroscience | isbn = 0-916110-51-6 | pages = 222‒250 | editor-first = Larry R. | editor-last = Squire | last = Hamburger | first = Viktor | authorlink = Viktor Hamburger | title = The history of neuroscience in autobiography | chapter = Viktor Hamburger | location = Washington DC | accessdate = 2013-05-26 | year = 1996 | chapterurl = http://www.sfn.org/about/history-of-neuroscience/~/media/SfN/Documents/Autobiographies/c7.ashx | ref = harv }}{{refend}} External links
10 : German centenarians|German embryologists|Washington University in St. Louis faculty|National Medal of Science laureates|1900 births|2001 deaths|Recipients of awards from the United States National Academy of Sciences|University of Freiburg alumni|People from Kamienna Góra|People from the Province of Silesia |
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