| 词条 | Francis Granger |
| 释义 |
|name = Francis Granger |image = Francis Granger.jpg |state = New York |district = {{ushr|NY|26|26th}} |term_start = November 27, 1841 |term_end = March 3, 1843 |predecessor = John Greig |successor = Amasa Dana |term_start1 = March 4, 1839 |term_end1 = March 5, 1841 |predecessor1 = Mark H. Sibley |successor1 = John Greig |term_start2 = March 4, 1835 |term_end2 = March 3, 1837 |predecessor2 = John Dickson |successor2 = Mark H. Sibley |office3 = 10th United States Postmaster General |president3 = William Henry Harrison John Tyler |term_start3 = March 6, 1841 |term_end3 = September 18, 1841 |predecessor3 = John Milton Niles |successor3 = Charles A. Wickliffe |birth_date = {{birth date|1792|12|1}} |birth_place = Suffield, Connecticut, U.S. |death_date = {{death date and age|1868|8|31|1792|12|1}} |death_place = Canandaigua, New York, U.S. |party = Democratic-Republican (Before 1828) National Republican (1828–1834) Whig (1834–1860) Constitutional Union (1860-1861) |spouse = Cornelia Rutsen Van Rensselaer |children = 2 |relatives = Gideon Granger (Father) Amos Granger (Cousin) Robert Charles Winthrop (son-in-law) |residence = Francis Granger House |education = Yale University (BA) }}Francis Granger (December 1, 1792 – August 31, 1868)[1] was a Representative from New York and United States Postmaster General. He was a Whig Party vice presidential nominee in 1836 and is the only person to ever lose a contingent election in the U.S. Senate for Vice President.[2] Early lifeGranger was born in Suffield, Connecticut on December 1, 1792. Granger was born into a prominent political family, with his father, Gideon Granger, serving in the Connecticut House of Representatives before being appointed by Thomas Jefferson as the longest serving Postmaster General in United States history. His mother was Mindwell (née Pease) Granger (1770–1860) and his first cousin, Amos Phelps Granger, also served two terms in the United States House of Representatives.[3] Granger pursued classical studies at and graduated from Yale College in 1811.[1] He then moved with his father to Canandaigua, New York in 1814, where he studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1816 and commenced practice.[1] CareerGranger started his own political career as a member of the New York State Assembly from 1826 to 1828 and from 1830 to 1832.[1] He ran unsuccessful campaigns for Lieutenant Governor of New York in 1828, and for Governor of New York in both 1830 and 1832 with the National Republican Party.[2] National politicsHe was then elected as an Anti-Jacksonian to the 24th Congress serving from March 4, 1835 to March 3, 1837.[2] In 1836, the Whig Party was unable to settle on one set of candidates for its Presidential ticket. Granger was a regional Vice-Presidential nominee for the northern and border states on the same ticket as William Henry Harrison, though in Massachusetts he was on the Whig ticket headed by Daniel Webster. Though Democrat Martin Van Buren secured enough votes in the Electoral College to win the presidency, Virginia's 23 electors refused to vote for his running mate Richard M. Johnson, who had then lacked only one vote. As a result, votes were split among Johnson, Granger, John Tyler and William Smith with none getting the majority. This triggered a contingent election, the only contingent vice presidential election by the Senate in history, under the Twelfth Amendment with the U.S. Senate deciding between the top two vote-getters Johnson and Granger.[1] As the 25th Congress consisted of 35 Democrats and 17 Whigs, Granger could not hope to be elected and was defeated by Johnson 33-16. In the general election of the same year, Granger was also running as a Whig candidate for election to the 25th Congress, but failed in that bid as well.[2] He was re-elected to Congress as a Whig to the 26th and 27th Congresses serving from March 4, 1839 to March 5, 1841.[2] In 1841, Granger was appointed Postmaster General in the Cabinet of President William Henry Harrison and served from March 6 to September 18, 1841,[1] the day when almost all Whig Cabinet members left the government of new President John Tyler on the instruction of their party leader Henry Clay. Following that event, he was again elected to the Congress in a special election to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Representative John Greig. He served from November 27, 1841 to March 3, 1843 and was not a candidate for reelection in 1842.[1] Later careerA supporter of the Compromise of 1850, Granger led the pro-Fillmore group which became known as the Silver Gray Whigs after Granger's own silver hair. This faction would remain in conflict with the anti-Compromise Sewardites until the collapse of the Whig Party in the state in 1855. Chairman of the Whig National Executive Committee from 1856 to 1860, Granger joined in the call for the convention of the Constitutional Union Party that was held in May 1860. He was then a member of the peace convention of 1861 held in Washington, D.C. in an effort to devise means to prevent the impending war. Personal lifeHe married Cornelia Rutsen Van Rensselaer (1798–1823), the daughter of Jeremiah Van Rensselaer and Sybella Adeline (née Kane) Van Rensselaer.[3] She was also the granddaughter of Brigadier General Robert Van Rensselaer,[3][4][5] who was a member of the New York Provincial Congress from 1775 to 1777 and later a member of the New York State Assembly in the 1st, 2nd and 4th New York State Legislatures.[6]{{refn|group=lower-alpha|Robert Van Rensselaer was the son of Johannes Van Rensselaer, the proprietor and lord of the lower manor of Rensselaerwyck known as Fort Crailo. Robert was also the younger brother of both Jeremiah Van Rensselaer, the 3rd Lieutenant Governor of New York and Catherine Van Rensselaer, who married General Philip Schuyler.[4]}} The Grangers' home at Canandaigua from 1817 to 1827, now known as the Francis Granger House, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.[7] Together, they had a daughter, son, and an unnamed second daughter who died with her mother in childbirth in 1823.[8]
Granger died in Canandaigua on August 31, 1868.[4] He was buried at Woodlawn Cemetery.[2] References
1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web|last=Freehling|first=William|title=Francis Granger (1841): Postmaster General|url=http://millercenter.org/president/harrison/essays/cabinet/205|work=American President: An Online Reference Resource|publisher=University of Virginia|accessdate=14 December 2010|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101217083729/http://millercenter.org/president/harrison/essays/cabinet/205|archivedate=17 December 2010|df=}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web|title=GRANGER, Francis - Biographical Information|url=https://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=G000376|website=bioguide.congress.gov|publisher=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress|accessdate=5 May 2018}} 3. ^[https://archive.org/stream/vanrensselaerfam21spoo#page/197/mode/1up Spooner], pp. 197 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite book|last1=Reynolds|first1=Cuyler|title=Genealogical and Family History of Southern New York and the Hudson River Valley: A Record of the Achievements of Her People in the Making of a Commonwealth and the Building of a Nation|date=1914|publisher=Lewis Historical Publishing Company|page=1151|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iNIUAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA1158-IA3&lpg=PA1158-IA3|accessdate=25 July 2017|language=en}} 5. ^{{cite book|title=Americana: (American Historical Magazine).|date=1920|publisher=American Historical Company, Incorporated|page=294|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0UBHAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA294&lpg=PA294|accessdate=12 January 2018|language=en}} 6. ^{{cite book|last1=Hough, M.D.|first1=Franklin|title=The New York Civil List: containing the names and origin of the civil divisions, and the names and dates of election or appointment of the principal state and county officers from the Revolution to the present time|date=1858|publisher=Weed, Parsons and Co.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E3sFAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA33#v=onepage&q&f=false|accessdate=29 November 2017|language=en}} 7. ^{{NRISref|2009a}} 8. ^{{cite book|last1=Archives|first1=Episcopal Church General Convention Commission on|last2=Hobart|first2=J. H.|title=Archives of the General Convention|date=1804|publisher=Privately printed|page=243|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6GcQAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA243&lpg=PA243|accessdate=12 January 2018|language=en}} 9. ^{{cite news|title=DEATH OF R.C. WINTHROP; In Literature and Politics One of Boston's Great Men. DESCENDANT OF A NOTED FAMILY Representative in Congress for Many Years and Later a Senator -- A Famous Whig -- Noted as a Lecturer.|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1894/11/17/archives/death-of-rc-winthrop-in-literature-and-politics-one-of-bostons.html|accessdate=22 June 2017|work=The New York Times|date=17 November 1894}} 10. ^{{cite news|title=THE ONLY FOUR HUNDRED; WARD M'ALLISTER GIVES OUT THE OFFICIAL LIST. HERE ARE THE NAMES, DON'T YOU KNOW, ON THE AUTHORITY OF THEIR GREAT LEADER, YOU UNDER- STAND, AND THEREFORE GENUINE, YOU SEE.|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9B04EEDF173BEE33A25755C1A9649C94639ED7CF&legacy=true|accessdate=22 June 2017|work=The New York Times|date=16 February 1892}}
External links{{CongBio|G000376}}
{{small|Whig}}}} |-{{s-new|party}}{{s-ttl|title=Whig nominee for Vice President of the United States|years=1836|alongside=John Tyler¹}}{{s-aft|after=John Tyler}} |-{{s-bef|before=Amos Ellmaker}}{{s-ttl|title=Anti-Masonic nominee for Vice President of the United States {{small|Endorsed}}|years=1836}}{{s-aft|after=Daniel Webster}} |-{{s-par|us-hs}}{{s-bef|before=John Dickson}}{{s-ttl|title=Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New York's 26th congressional district|years=1835–1837}}{{s-aft|after=Mark H. Sibley}} |-{{s-bef|before=Mark H. Sibley}}{{s-ttl|title=Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New York's 26th congressional district|years=1839–1841}}{{s-aft|after=John Greig}} |-{{s-bef|before=John Greig}}{{s-ttl|title=Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New York's 26th congressional district|years=1841–1843}}{{s-aft|after=Amasa Dana}} |-{{s-off}}{{s-bef|before=John Milton Niles}}{{s-ttl|title=United States Postmaster General|years=1841}}{{s-aft|after=Charles A. Wickliffe}}{{s-ref|The Whig Party ran regional candidates in 1836; Tyler ran in Southern states and Granger ran in Northern states.}}{{USWhigVicePresNominees}}{{Unsuccessful major party VPOTUS candidates}}{{USPostGen}}{{William Henry Harrison cabinet}}{{Tyler cabinet}}{{United States presidential election, 1836}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Granger, Francis}} 20 : 1792 births|1868 deaths|19th-century American politicians|American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law|Anti-Masonic Party politicians from New York (state)|Members of the New York State Assembly|Members of the United States House of Representatives from New York (state)|New York (state) lawyers|New York (state) Whigs|People from Suffield, Connecticut|Politicians from Canandaigua, New York|National Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives|New York (state) National Republicans|Tyler administration cabinet members|United States Postmasters General|1836 United States vice-presidential candidates|Whig Party (United States) vice presidential nominees|Whig Party members of the United States House of Representatives|William Henry Harrison administration cabinet members|Yale University alumni |
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