“Viola Garvin”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Viola Gerard Garvin (1 January 1898^[1] – 1969) was an English poet and literary editor at The Observer.

Life and career

Viola Garvin was born at Benwell, the eldest daughter of J. L. Garvin, later the long-time editor of The Observer; her older brother Gerard was killed in the First World War. She was named for Francis Thompson's "The Making of Viola" and for Viola Meynell, the subject of the poem.^[2]^[3] She was educated at South Hampstead High School^[4] and at Somerville College, Oxford,^[5]^[6] and then became assistant literary editor at The Observer in 1926; she later became literary editor,^[7] but was let go when her father's contract was not renewed in 1942.^[8]^[9]^[10]^[11] She also worked as a translator from the French: for example in 1930 of Jacques Chardonne's Eva^[12] and after leaving The Observer, of Romain Gary's Forest of Anger (1944),^[13] Rémy's The Messenger (1954)^[14] and Constantin de Grunwald's Peter the Great (1956).^[15]

In the 1920s and 1930s, she repeatedly went into debt. In the early 1930s she was in a relationship with Humbert Wolfe, a poet who also reviewed for The Observer, but he was married.^[16] She died in January 1969.^[5]

Publications

Garvin published three books: As You See It (1922), Corn in Egypt (1926) and Dedication (1928).^[17]

References

1. ^According to Katharine Garvin, J. L. Garvin: A Memoir, London: Heinemann, 1948, {{OCLC|186300723}}, p. 60, of J. L. Garvin's second, third, and fourth children, two were born on 1 January and one on 2 January; she herself, the fourth, was born on 1 January (p. 44) and her older sister Una on 2 January (p. 41); therefore Viola, the second child, must be the other who was born on 1 January.
2. ^Katharine Garvin, p. 36.
3. ^David Ayerst, Garvin of the Observer, London / Sydney: Croom Helm, 1985, {{ISBN|9780709905608}}, p. 26.
4. ^Katharine Garvin, p. 71.
5. ^¹Constance Savery, "Work Diary. 2nd-4th February 1969". Manuscript collection, Knight Library, University of Oregon. Savery remembered Garvin's "dark haunting eyes" and recalled that "she shone like a planet at Somerville. No glitter, just 'the soft journey that a planet goes'".
6. ^Giles Brindley, Oxford: Crime, Death and Debauchery, Stroud: Sutton, 2006, {{ISBN|9780750938204}}, [https://books.google.com/books?id=tDETDQAAQBAJ&pg=PT153&dq=Viola+Garvin&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi2_5jo5szRAhXlxlQKHRD6Bp0Q6AEIPzAH#v=onepage&q=Viola%20Garvin&f=false n. p.].
7. ^Katharine Garvin, pp. 58, 62.
8. ^Ayerst, pp. 219, 280.
9. ^"Briefs", The Bookseller, 30 June 1979, [https://books.google.com/books?id=7b4qAQAAIAAJ&dq=Viola+Garvin+died&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Viola+Garvin%2C+on+the+Observer%2C+has+never+been+bettered%2C+but+occasionally+the+Diary+in+the+Evening+Standard+excels p. 2946].
10. ^Jeremy Lewis, David Astor: A Life in Print, London: Jonathan Cape, {{ISBN|9780224090902}}, [https://books.google.com/books?id=dfXaCgAAQBAJ&pg=PT158&dq=Viola+Garvin&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj7hdew9urRAhXDw1QKHadNAw44ChDoAQhLMAg#v=onepage&q=Viola%20Garvin&f=false p. 123].
11. ^Stephen E. Koss, The Rise and Fall of the Political Press in Britain, Volume 2 The Twentieth Century, London: Hamish Hamilton, 1984, {{ISBN|9780241105610}}, [https://books.google.com/books?id=HOcLAQAAMAAJ&q=Viola+Garvin&dq=Viola+Garvin&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwimncG3-OrRAhXDx1QKHYgrD8Q4KBDoAQhMMAg p. 612].
12. ^Carlos Peacock, Painters and Writers: An Anthology, London: Tate Gallery, 1949, {{OCLC|869923636}}, [https://books.google.com/books?id=2Bk2AAAAMAAJ&q=Viola+Garvin+Eliot&dq=Viola+Garvin+Eliot&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj786nij5HSAhWCgVQKHaIcAR84ChDoAQghMAI p. 18].
13. ^David Bellos, Romain Gary: A Tall Story, London: Harvill Secker, 2010, {{ISBN|978-1-84343-170-1}}, [https://books.google.com/books?id=ARuZ1-tsZr8C&pg=PA102&dq=Viola+Garvin&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjP8sn_6MzRAhVLwWMKHQNmAjE4ChDoAQgrMAQ#v=onepage&q=Viola%20Garvin&f=false p. 102].
14. ^Publishers Weekly 166.14 (1954) [https://books.google.com/books?id=xSlSAQAAMAAJ&dq=Viola+Garvin+R%C3%A9my+The+Messenger&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=REMY%2C+pseud.+*FIC+%5BGilbert+Renault-Roulier%2C+Raymond%2C+pseud.%5D+The+messenger%3B+tr.+from+the+French+by+Viola+Gerard+Garvin.+199p.+O+54-13038+%2754+Westminster%2C+Md.%2C+Newman+Press+2.50+A+young+priest+goes+behind+the+Iron+Curtain p. 2361].
15. ^C. Bickford O'Brien, [https://www.jstor.org/stable/3001346 "Review: Peter the Great by Constantin de Grunwald, Viola Garvin"], The American Slavic and East European Review 16.1 (February 1957), 91–92, {{doi|10.2307/3001346}}.
16. ^Ayerst, pp. 232–34.
17. ^Jane Dowson and Alice Entwistle, A History of Twentieth-Century British Women's Poetry, Cambridge / New York: Cambridge University, 2005, {{ISBN|9780521819466}}, [https://books.google.com/books?id=JMtqyxmo5j8C&pg=PA317&dq=Viola+Garvin+poet&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjL28qd-urRAhUIslQKHdiHC5kQ6AEIODAG#v=onepage&q=Viola%20Garvin%20poet&f=false p. 318].
18. ^M. J. Elliott, "Introduction", R. E. Howard, The Right Hand of Doom and Other Tales of Solomon Kane, Ware, Hertfordshire: Wordsworth Editions, 2007, {{ISBN|978-1-84022-611-9}}, pp. 7–11, [https://books.google.com/books?id=7xEeRSBVJCgC&pg=PA7&dq=Viola+Garvin&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjxiJai9-rRAhWEs1QKHe2yDEI4FBDoAQgrMAI#v=onepage&q=Viola%20Garvin&f=false p. 7].