| 词条 | Vladimir Raitz |
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Vladimir Gavrilovich Raitz (born Moscow, 23 May 1922 – 31 August 2010) was the co-founder of the Horizon Holiday Group, who pioneered the first mass package holidays abroad. His family were White Russian Jews who left the Soviet Union when he was six, and variously passed through Berlin and Warsaw, before they settled in London. He attended Mill Hill School, London and studied Economics at London School of Economics. After graduating in 1942, he started work as a journalist, first for British United Press and then for Reuters between 1943 and 1949. {{Citation needed|date=September 2010}} EntrepreneurOn holiday in Calvi on Corsica in 1949, he was asked by a socialite with local connections, Nicholas Steinheid, to encourage British the following year. Having calculated he could charter an aircraft and provide an all-in two-week holiday in Corsica for less than £35, he set up Horizon Holidays on 12 October 1949, and initiated the package holiday industry. The name was chosen to reflect the blue horizon that passengers would see from a plane window. {{Citation needed|date=September 2010}} With inheritance money, he chartered aircraft and made the relevant local connections with the airport at Calvi. However, after considerable delay, it was only in March 1950 that the Ministry of Civil Aviation permitted the flights on the stipulation that they would only be for "students and teachers". A brief advertising campaign in teaching and nursing magazines offered the opportunity for a flight, sleep under canvas, sample local wines and eat a meal containing meat twice a day - this was especially attractive due to the continuing austerity measures in post-war United Kingdom. The all inclusive price was £32.10s.-, or roughly half the cost of the return flight to Nice, the closest airport served by BEA. {{Citation needed|date=September 2010}} First FlightThe first charter flight between Gatwick airport and Corsica was on 20 May 1949. After arranging to pick up passengers from King's Cross Station, eleven "teachers" (paying passengers) and 21 "friends" (guests who returned immediately) were taken by Dakota. {{Citation needed|date=September 2010}} After a refuelling stop in Lyon, the passengers arrived at Calvi 6 hours later. The holidaymakers were taken to the camping grounds of Club Franco-Britannique. Much of the canvas used in the camping were remainders from the US navy which constructed the airport in 1943. {{Citation needed|date=September 2010}} RetirementHe left Horizon in 1972 after it was taken over by Court Line (which had also previously taken over Clarksons) and became a travel consultant. Court Line went into liquidation in August 1974. He was inducted into the British Travel Industry Hall of Fame. His personal memoir, Flight to the Sun, was published in 2001. Personal lifeRaitz had 3 daughters and 5 grandchildren. References
6 : 1922 births|2010 deaths|People educated at Mill Hill School|Alumni of the London School of Economics|British businesspeople|British people of Russian descent |
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