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词条 Vuosaari shipyard
释义

  1. History

  2. Ships built in Vuosaari

  3. Notes

  4. References

Vuosaari shipyard was a shipyard located in the district of Vuosaari in Helsinki, Finland. Built by the Finnish state-owned company Valmet Oy in the early 1970s, the shipyard delivered 33 newbuildings and participated in building around 100 other vessels before it was closed in 1987 following the bankruptcy of Wärtsilä Marine. Later, the longest dry dock in Finland was used by various ship repair companies until the construction of the new Vuosaari harbour cut the connection to the sea in 2004. Despite various plans to re-use the old dry dock, now located inside the harbour perimeter, it remained without use until the basin was backfilled in 2015–2016.

History

In 1946 a number of Finnish state-owned heavy industry enterprises were combined to a single conglomerate called Valtion Metallitehtaat (State Metalworks), which acquired several shipyards in Helsinki, Turku and Uusikaupunki. The first ships were oceangoing fishing trawlers built in Suomenlinna for the Soviet Union as part of the Finnish war reparations. In 1950 the company was incorporated and its name was shortened to Valmet Oy, and in the following year a new shipyard was built in Katajanokka in downtown Helsinki. After the war reparations had been paid in full, the future of the state-owned shipyard remained uncertain until the Suez Crisis in 1956, which increased the worldwide demand for new ships and brought new contracts for Valmet as well. Later the company constructed a long series of accommodation ships for the Soviet Union.[1]

However, Valmet was not able to compete with private companies in the newbuilding market, and in 1963 a decision was made to switch focus on repairing existing ships and maintain only limited newbuilding capability on a single shipyard.[1] When demand for new ships increased considerably in the mid-1960s, the shipbuilding strategy of Valmet changed considerably.[2] As the size of new ships was expected to increase in the future, there was a danger that the state-owned shipbuilding company would not be able to compete in the lucrative newbuilding market. Since expanding the shipyard located in the middle of the capital city was deemed impossible, a decision was made to construct a completely new shipyard in Vuosaari.[1]

The Vuosaari shipyard was built in 1971–1974. The new dry dock was {{convert|56|m|ft|0|abbr=out}} wide and {{convert|9.5|m|ft|0|abbr=out}} deep, but only {{convert|260|m|ft|0|abbr=out}} long at first. However, during the construction it was decided to lengthen it to {{convert|380|m|ft|abbr=out}} due to the growing demand of large crude oil tankers, making it the longest dry dock in Finland.[3] Blocks weighing up to 500 tons could be constructed in the production halls and lifted to the construction basin with four 150-ton cranes. When the new shipyard was opened, Valmet also moved its two floating docks of 5,000 and 12,000 tons, used for maintenance and repair docking of smaller vessels, from Katajanokka to Vuosaari. An intermediate gate was built in 1984 so that part of the shipyard could be flooded while the other part was used for docking.[2]

Between 1974 and 1987 Vuosaari shipyard delivered 33 new ships and participated in building around 100 other vessels. These include four 153,000 DWT crude oil tankers for Norwegian shipping company Klaveness in 1977–1979, four large barge carriers, ten SA-15 and SA-15 Super class Arctic cargo ships in 1983–1987, and the first large cruiseferry, Birka Princess for Birka Line, in 1986. The majority of the newbuildings were built for the Soviet Union. The last newbuilding, barge Espa for ESL Shipping, was delivered in 1987.[2]

Vuosaari shipyard was merged with Wärtsilä in 1986 to form Wärtsilä Marine of which Valmet owned 30%. After the downturn in shipbuilding in the mid-1980s, the company decided to close the Vuosaari shipyard on 13 January 1987 and move the shipbuilding to Helsinki Shipyard in Hietalahti. In 1987–1991 various shipping companies rented the old shipyard from Wärtsilä for routine dockings. The cranes were sold in 1991, two to Germany and two to Rauma shipyard. Several ship repair companies operated in and around the old dry dock until 2004, when the construction of the new harbour cut the connection to the sea.[2]

The old shipyard area has since been occupied by other companies. ABB Marine used the old block assembly halls for the construction of Azipods until 2007,[4] Aker Arctic opened a new ice model test facility next to the old dry dock in 2006,[5] and Paulig constructed a modern coffee roasting plant where the main gate of the Vuosaari shipyard once stood.[6] Over the years most of the old buildings, such as the design office close to the dry dock gate, have been demolished. The intermediate gate was also later scrapped and its steel plating re-used in a barge.

While several ideas for re-using the old dry dock were presented over the years, nothing significant was ever realized. In 2008, the floor and walls of the basin were strengthened with concrete and a new wall was built in front of the old steel gate in preparation of using the basin for storage of empty shipping containers, but it was never used for this purpose.[7] In late 2015, the Port of Helsinki began backfilling the dry dock in order to create an above-ground storage area for containers. The work was completed in 2016 and the area has now been paved over.[8]

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Ships built in Vuosaari

Between 1974 and 1987 the following vessels were delivered from the Vuosaari shipyard with the exception of one crude oil tanker that received a yard number but was later cancelled. {{Asof|2018}}, less than half of the newbuildings built at Vuosaari remain in service.

Ship name(s)DWTYear Type (as built) Yard numberIMO numberStatus (1/2016)NotesImageRef
Magnitogorsk (1976–1996)
Euroshipping Two (1996–1997)
Daisy (1997–2000)
Rosanne (2000–2004)
Rosario (2004–2006)
Naesborg (2006–2011)		 22,690 1976 Ro-ro 282 7359553 Scrapped in 2011Sister ships: Komsomolsk, Anatoliy Vasilyev and Smolensk. [9]
Komsomolsk (1976–1995)
Kotlini (1995–1997)
Nicole (1997–2000)
Roxanne (2000–2006)
Nordborg (2006–2009)		 22,690 1976 Ro-ro 283 7359565 Scrapped in 2009[10]
Tebostar (1974–1994)
Azerot (1994–2003)
B.F.C.-I (2003)
Delta I (2003–2004) 		6,060 1974 Product tanker 284 7359577 Scrapped in 2004The last ship launched from Katajanokka shipyard and the first ship delivered from Vuosaari shipyard. Broke in two after collision with container ship APL Pusan on 13 September 2004. Towed to Sachana, India, for scrapping.[11][12]
Sommerstad (1977–1983)
Tornado (1983)
Goktürk (1983–1996)
Eliki (1996–2001) 		153,200 1977 Crude oil tanker 285 7359589 Scrapped in 2001Sister ships: Solstad, Sangstad, Siljestad and a cancelled fifth tanker. When the shipping company filed for bankruptcy in 1983, the ships were returned to Valmet, which resold them in 1983–1984.[13][14]
Solstad (1977–1983)
Buyuk Hun (1983–1984) 		153,200 1977 Crude oil tanker 286 7359591 Scrapped in 1986Attacked by Iraqi fighters on 3 June 1984 while underway in ballast from Tutunciftlik, Turkey to Kharg Island, Iran. Two Exocet missiles hit the superstructure and the engine room, starting a fire, killing three crew members and injuring two. Later towed to Bushir, Iran, where declared total loss and sold to Taiwanese breakers in 1986.[15]
Sangstad (1978-1983)
Altano (1983–1984)
Avar (1984–1998)
Ava (1998–1999)
Eagle (1999–2003)		 153,200 1978 Crude oil tanker 287 7359606 Scrapped in 2003[16][17]
Siljestad (1978–1983)
Caldereta (1983-1984)
Buyuk Timur (1984–1995)
Westgate (1995–1996)
Enalios Thetis (1996–2001)
Glory Sea (2001–2003)		 153,200 1978 Crude oil tanker 288 7359618 Scrapped in 2003[18][19]
NB Westfal-Larsen 153,200 — Crude oil tanker 289 — Cancelled
Yulius Fuchik (1978–1998)
Production Driller (1998–2002)
Asian Alliance (2002–2003)
Alliance (2003)		 37,850 1978 Barge carrier 290 7505322 Scrapped in 2003Featured in the novel Red Storm Rising by Tom Clancy. Sister ship: Tibor Szamueli.[20]
Tibor Szamueli (1979–1998)
Development Driller (1998–2002)
Asian Reliance (2002–2003)
Reliance (2003)
C Reliance (2003) 		37,850 1979 Barge carrier 291 7505334 Scrapped in 2003[21]
Sibirskiy-2101 3,162 1980 Dry cargo ship 2928862284|disp=no}} In service"Project 292" dry cargo river/sea ships built by Valmet for the Soviet Union, named Sibriskiy-2101–2109 and 2120–2129. [22]
Sibirskiy-2103 (1980–2013){{br}}Isabelle I (2013–2014){{br}}Madeleine I (2014–) 3,162 1980 Dry cargo ship 2937801855|disp=no}} In service[23]
Sibirskiy-2105 (1980–2002)
Kapitan Orlov (2002–)		 3,162 1980 Dry cargo ship 2947801879|disp=no}} In service[24]
Sibirskiy-2107 (1980–2000)
Kapitan Pashnin (2000–) 		3,162 1980 Dry cargo ship 2957801893|disp=no}} In service(?)Classification suspended by Russian Maritime Register of Shipping since 2005.[25]
Tebo Olympia (1980–2005)
Angeles B (2005–2011) 		11,474 1980 Product tanker 296 7813327 Scrapped in 2011[26]
Järvsaar{{br}}Arctic Sun 60 1979 Winter trawler 2977817062|disp=no}} In service
L-915 (1979–??)
Kupeli		 — 1979 Tugboat 298 — In service
Hankoniemi — 1980 Transport boat 299 — DecommissionedHauki class transport boat constructed in Kotka but delivered from the Vuosaari shipyard for the Finnish Navy. Decommissioned and sold to reservist organization in 2007. Sister vessels: Hirsala and Houtskär.[27]
Hirsala — 1980 Transport boat 300 — In service
Houtskär — 1980 Transport boat 301 — In service
Ahven 1
Ahven 2
Ahven 3
Ahven 4
Ahven 5
Ahven 6		 — 1979 Training boat 302 — DecommissionedSix training and work boats for the Finnish Navy. Constructed in Kotka but delivered from the Vuosaari shipyard. Decommissioned and sold to civilians in the 2000s.
Julanta (FIN-137-U) 60 1979 Winter trawler 303 — Scrapped in 2005[28]
Anatoliy Vasilyev (1981–1997)
Katsina (1997–1999)
Jolly Celeste (1999–2000)
Laura Delmas (2000–2002)
Repubblica de La Boca (2002)
Laura (2002–2004)
Nds Prospector (2004–2008)
Niledutch Prospector (2008–2010)
Spector (2010) 		22,447 1981 Ro-ro 304 7910656 Scrapped in 2010[29][30]
Smolensk (1981–1995)
Euroshipping Three (1995–1996)
Alyona (1996–2010) 		22,447 1981 Ro-ro 305 7910668 Scrapped in 2010[31]
Vikla (1982–2004)
Vikland (2004–2007)
Lister (2007–2014) 		8,288 1982 Product tanker 306 7924176 Scrapped in 2014Sold to an undisclosed buyer in auction after a 76-day detention in Gibraltar in 2009. Classification withdrawn by Det Norske Veritas in 2009.[32][33]
Shelltrans (1982–1994)
Acila (1994–1999)
Bacalan (1999–2001)
Vega Desgagnés (2001–2015)
Fort Abel (2015–2016)
Chukotka+ (2016–)		 11,548 1982 Product tanker 3077927960|disp=no}} In service[34]
Arctic Scan (1982–1983)
Melkki (1983–2004)
Sinimeri (2004–2005)
Aegean Pride I (2005–2010)
Pride (2010) 		11,538 1982 Product tanker 308 8027195 Scrapped in 2010[35]
Polar Scan (1982–1983)
Rankki (1983–2000)
Omega af Donsö (2000–2006)
Kingston (2006–2012){{br}}Reem-1 (2012–2014){{br}}Syros II (2014–2019){{br}}Lady Noor (2019–)		 11,538 1982 Product tanker 3098027200|disp=no}} In service[36]
Nizhneyansk (1983–1996)
Magdalena Oldendorff (1996–2003)
Ocean Luck (2003–2010)
Captain Kurbatskiy (2010–2011) 		20,000 1983Ro-ro/General cargo 310 8013065 Scrapped in 2011SA-15 class arctic cargo ship. Sister ships built at Vuosaari: Okha, Bratsk, Kemerovo and Anadyry.[37]
Okha (1983–1995)
Speybank (1995–2006)
Mahinabank (2006–2009) 		20,000 1983 Ro-ro/General cargo 311 8013077 Scrapped in 2009[38]
Bratsk (1983–1995)
Arunbank (1995–2006)
Tikeibank (2006–2009) 		20,000 1983 Ro-ro/General cargo 312 8013089 Scrapped in 2009[39]
Rossvik 60 1981 Trawler 3138027212|disp=no}} In serviceConstructed in Kotka but delivered from the Vuosaari shipyard.
Boris Polevoy (1984–2000)
Smit Express (2000–2002)
Midnight Express (2002–2006)
Express (2006–2013){{br}}Lewek Express (2013–)		 8,770 1984 Barge carrier 3148116049|disp=no}} In serviceConverted to a pipe-laying ship in 2002. Sister ship: Pavel Antokolskiy.[40]
Pavel Antokolskiy (1984–1999)
Smit Explorer (1999–2003)
Explorer (2003–2011)
Karadeniz Powership Zeynep Sultan (2011–) 		8,770 1984 Barge carrier 3158116051|disp=no}} In serviceConverted to floating power station in 2011.[41]
Kemerovo (1983–2000)
Marathon II (2000–2005)
Professor Barabanov (2005–2012)		 20,000 1983 Ro-ro/General cargo 316 8120662 Scrapped in 2012[42]
Anadyry (1984–2000)
Emerald Sea (2000–2011)		 20,000 1984 Ro-ro/General cargo 317 8120674 Scrapped in 2011[43]
Anatoliy Kolesnichenko 19,500 1985 Ro-ro/General cargo 318 8406688 Scrapped in 2012SA-15 Super class arctic cargo ship. Sister ships: Kapitan Man, Yuriy Arshenevskiy, Vasiliy Burkhanov and Kapitan Danilkin.[44]
Kapitan Man 19,500 1985 Ro-ro/General cargo 319 8406690 Scrapped in 2012[45]
Yuriy Arshenevskiy 19,500 1986 Ro-ro/General cargo 3208406705|disp=no}} In service[46]
Birka Princess (1986–2006)
Sea Diamond (2006–2007)		 2,441 1986 Cruiseferry 321 8406731 Sank in 2007Sank on 5 April 2007 after running aground near the Greek island of Santorini on the previous day. Two French passengers remain missing.[47]
Vasiliy Burkhanov 19,500 1986 Ro-ro/General cargo 322 8406717 Scrapped in 2013[48]
Kapitan Danilkin 19,500 1987 Ro-ro/General cargo 3238406729|disp=no}} In service[49]
Espa 8,540 1987 Barge 3248618322|disp=no}} In serviceLast newbuilding from the Vuosaari shipyard.[50]

Notes

1. ^1 2 Luoma-aho, Jarmo: Valmet Oy, Helsingin telakka 1918-1987. 8 August 2003. {{retrieved | accessdate=2012-03-08}}
2. ^1 2 3 Valkonen, M. Vuosaaren telakka-altaan kuntotutkimus ja käyttömahdollisuudet Vuosaaren sataman yhteydessä. Diplomityö. Rakennus- ja ympäristötekniikan osasto, Teknillinen Korkeakoulu, 2005.
3. ^The {{convert|380|m|ft|adj=on}} dry dock of the former Vuosaari shipyard was longer than the dry docks at Perno shipyard ({{convert|365|m|ft|abbr=on}}), Helsinki New Shipyard ({{convert|280|m|ft|abbr=on}}), Turku Repair Yard ({{convert|265|m|ft|abbr=on}}) and Rauma shipyard ({{convert|260|m|ft|abbr=on}}).
4. ^ABB laajentaa Vuosaaressa. Tekniikka & Talous, 30 June 2005. {{retrieved | accessdate=2012-03-08}}
5. ^History. Aker Arctic. {{retrieved | accessdate=2017-05-10}}
6. ^Pauligin uusi kahvipaahtimo vihittiin käyttöön {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100122235550/http://www.paulig.fi/paulig_news/3/pauligin_uusi_kahvipaahtimo_vihittiin_kayttoon |date=2010-01-22 }}. Paulig, 21 January 2010. {{retrieved | accessdate=2012-03-08}}
7. ^Vuosaaren vanha telakka-allas jatkaa uudessa tehtävässä. Kunnallis-Suomi, 5/2009.
8. ^Vuosaaren sataman ilme muuttuu. Port of Helsinki, 18 April 2016. {{retrieved|accessdate=2017-05-10}}
9. ^From January 1st to May 6th, 2011. Robin Des Bois, May 19th, 2011. {{Retrieved | accessdate=2011-06-20}}
10. ^From April 4th to June 26th, 2009. Robin Des Bois, July 9th, 2009. {{Retrieved | accessdate=2011-06-20}}
11. ^{{csr|register=E|id=7359577|shipname=Delta I|accessdate=2011-06-21}}
12. ^TEBOSTAR {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111112183931/http://www.aanimeri.fi/index.php?q=gallery&g2_itemId=995 |date=2011-11-12 }}. Äänimeri. {{Retrieved | accessdate=2011-06-21}}
13. ^{{csr|register=E|id=7359589|shipname=Eliki|accessdate=2011-06-21}}
14. ^TORNADO (2) {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111112183755/http://www.aanimeri.fi/index.php?q=gallery&g2_itemId=1458 |date=2011-11-12 }}. Äänimeri. {{Retrieved | accessdate=2011-06-21}}
15. ^SOLSTAD/MELTEMI (3) {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111112170013/http://www.aanimeri.fi/index.php?q=gallery&g2_itemId=1448 |date=2011-11-12 }}. Äänimeri. {{Retrieved | accessdate=2011-06-21}}
16. ^{{csr|register=E|id=7359606|shipname=Eagle|accessdate=2011-06-21}}
17. ^MT ALTANO (2) OIQK {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120516080104/http://www.aanimeri.fi/ALTANO_2 |date=2012-05-16 }}. Äänimeri. {{Retrieved | accessdate=2011-06-21}}
18. ^{{csr|register=E|id=7359618|shipname=Glory Sea|accessdate=2011-06-21}}
19. ^CALDERETA (2) {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111112183759/http://www.aanimeri.fi/index.php?q=gallery&g2_itemId=1483 |date=2011-11-12 }}. Äänimeri. {{Retrieved | accessdate=2011-06-21}}
20. ^{{csr|register=E|id=7505322|shipname=Alliance|accessdate=2011-06-21}}
21. ^{{csr|register=E|id=7505334|shipname=C Reliance|accessdate=2011-06-21}}
22. ^{{csr|register=E|id=8862284|shipname=Sibirskiy-2101|accessdate=2011-06-21}}
23. ^{{csr|register=E|id=7801855|shipname=Madeleine I|accessdate=2014-05-18}}
24. ^{{csr|register=E|id=7801879|shipname=Kapitan Orlov|accessdate=2011-06-21}}
25. ^{{csr|register=E|id=7801893|shipname=Kapitan Pashnin|accessdate=2011-06-21}}
26. ^{{csr|register=E|id=7813327|shipname=Angeles B|accessdate=2011-06-21}}
27. ^Uusi alus M/S Pirkanmaan tukisäätiölle. Tampereen Reserviupseerit ry. {{Retrieved | accessdate=2011-06-22}}
28. ^Event Information : CFR FIN000010030. European Commission. {{Retrieved | accessdate=2011-06-21}}
29. ^From July 2nd to October 15th, 2010. Robin Des Bois, November 2nd, 2010. {{Retrieved | accessdate=2011-06-20}}
30. ^{{csr|register=E|id=7910656|shipname=Spector|accessdate=2011-06-20}}
31. ^From April 5th to July 1st, 2010. Robin Des Bois, July 21st, 2010. {{Retrieved | accessdate=2011-06-20}}
32. ^{{csr|register=E|id=7924176|shipname=Lister|accessdate=2011-06-21}}
33. ^mt. Lister. ICAP Shipping. {{retrieved | accessdate=2011-11-26}}
34. ^{{csr|register=E|id=7927960|shipname=Fort Abel|accessdate=2015-08-04}}
35. ^{{csr|register=E|id=8027195|shipname=Pride|accessdate=2011-06-21}}
36. ^{{csr|register=E|id=8027200|shipname=Syros II|accessdate=2014-07-04}}
37. ^{{csr|register=E|id=8013065|shipname=Captain Kurbatskiy|accessdate=2011-02-03}}
38. ^{{csr|register=E|id=8013077|shipname=Mahinabank|accessdate=2011-01-01}}
39. ^{{csr|register=E|id=8013089|shipname=Tikeibank|accessdate=2011-01-01}}
40. ^{{csr|register=E|id=8116049|shipname=Lewek Express|accessdate=2013-08-26}}
41. ^{{csr|register=E|id=8116051|shipname=Karadeniz Powership Zeynep Sultan|accessdate=2011-02-03}}
42. ^{{csr|register=E|id=8120662|shipname=Professor Barabanov|accessdate=2011-02-03}}
43. ^{{csr|register=E|id=8120674|shipname=Emerald Sea|accessdate=2011-02-03}}
44. ^{{csr|register=E|id=8406688|shipname=Anatoliy Kolesnichenko|accessdate=2011-02-03}}
45. ^{{csr|register=E|id=8406690|shipname=Kapitan Man|accessdate=2011-02-03}}
46. ^{{csr|register=E|id=8406705|shipname=Yuriy Arshenevskiy|accessdate=2011-02-03}}
47. ^{{csr|register=E|id=8406731|shipname=Sea Diamond|accessdate=2011-06-19}}
48. ^{{csr|register=E|id=8406717|shipname=Vasiliy Burkhanov|accessdate=2011-02-03}}
49. ^{{csr|register=E|id=8406729|shipname=Kapitan Danilkin|accessdate=2011-02-03}}
50. ^BARGE ESPA. ESL Shipping Ltd. {{Retrieved | accessdate=2011-06-19}}

References

{{reflist|30em}}{{coord missing|Finland}}

4 : Shipyards of Finland|Valmet|Wärtsilä|Vuosaari
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