| 词条 | Vyshnivets | |||
| 释义 |
| official_name = Vyshnivets | native_name = Вишнівець | settlement_type = Urban-type settlement | image_skyline = | imagesize = 250px | image_caption = | image_flag = | image_shield = Vyshnivets gerb.png | nickname = | motto = | image_map = | mapsize = 250px | map_caption = | pushpin_map = Ukraine Ternopil Oblast#Ukraine | pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_map_caption = Location of Vyshnivets | coordinates = {{coord|49|54|00|N|25|44|00|E|region:UA|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{UKR}} | subdivision_type2 = Oblast | subdivision_name2 = {{flag|Ternopil Oblast}} | subdivision_type3 = Raion | subdivision_name3 = Zbarazh Raion | established_title = First mentioned | established_date = 1395 | established_title1 = Town status | established_date1 = 1960 | leader_title = | leader_name = | area_total_km2 = 6 | area_land_km2 = | area_water_km2 = | elevation_m = | population_footnotes = | population_total = 3469 | population_as_of = 1994 | population_density_km2 = 555 | population_metro = | population_note = | timezone = EET | utc_offset = +2 | timezone_DST = EEST | utc_offset_DST = +3 | postal_code_type = Postal code | postal_code = 47313 | area_code = +380 | blank_info = | blank1_info = | website = {{URL|1=http://gska2.rada.gov.ua:7777/pls/z7502/A005?rdat1=10.03.2007&rf7571=30897}} | footnotes = }} Vyshnivets ({{lang-uk|Вишнівець}}, translit. Vyshnivets’; {{lang-pl|Wiśniowiec}}) is an urban-type settlement in the Zbarazh Raion (district) of the Ternopil Oblast (province) of western Ukraine. Vyshnivets is better known as a family estate of the Polish royal house of Wiśniowiecki (originally Ruthenian princes), which is known for switching from Eastern Orthodoxy to Catholicism (as part of Polonization) as well as a pro-Muscovite Cossack Hetman Dmytro "Baida" Vyshnevetsky. History{{also|Galicia–Volhynia Wars}}Early History, to 1939The area was first mentioned in 1395 soon after annexation of the Kingdom of Galicia-Volhynia by the Kingdom of Poland when the first defensive castle was constructed in the area by Dmytro Korybut who had acquired the land from Great Prince Vitautas[1] The town is located on the Horyn River, a right tributary of the Prypiat. Before World War II the village was located in Poland. The town served as a family seat of the Polish princely Wiśniowiecki family, as of the 15th century, and received its name from the family. The town was noted for its extensive cherry orchards.[2] In the mid-1500s, one of the family's descendants, Dmytro Vyshnevetsky (1516-1563), was distinguished by his service to Ivan the Terrible. His grandson, Jeremi Wiśniowiecki, also known as Yarema Vyshnevetsky (1612-1651) was also a distinguished military commander. During the time of the leadership of Princes Michael and Valusah Wiśniowiecki, as of 1674, the town was on the verge of becoming a Russian capital.[2] Architectural landmarks in the town include a 15th-century castle; and palace and park, constructed in the 18th century by the Vyshnevetskyi family. 1939-1945The town is historically associated with the Holocaust. Prior to the commencement of World War II, approximately 5,000 persons of Jewish faith were residents of the town.[2] The town was directly in the path of the German invasion of Russia in June 1941, following the repudiation by Germany of the Ribbentrop-Molotov Pact.[2] On August 11–12, 1942, German troops and Ukrainian Auxiliary Police executed nearly 2,700 Jewish men, women and children. Of those executed, approximately 900 were children.[3] It is estimated that less than 100 of the town residents of Jewish faith ultimately survived the Holocaust.[2] Post-1945In 1960, Vyshnivets was changed from the status of a village, to that of an Urban-type settlement. The population of the town was 3,469 as of 1994. See also
References1. ^Uncredited, Vyshnivets; baltia.com. Retrieved 2016-09-09. 2. ^1 2 3 4 Louis Parnes, The Vanishing Generations (1954), as extracted by Arlene Parnes,Vishnevets. JewishGen, KehilaLinks. Retrieved 2016-09-05. 3. ^Martin Dean, [https://www.ushmm.org/m/pdfs/20130500-holocaust-in-ukraine.pdf German Ghettoization in Occupied Ukraine: Regional Patterns and Sources]. Paper presented at [https://www.ushmm.org/m/pdfs/20130500-holocaust-in-ukraine.pdf The Holocaust in Ukraine: New Sources and Perspectives]. Centre for Advanced Holocaust Studies, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, 2013. Retrieved 2016-09-05. External links
7 : Urban-type settlements in Ternopil Oblast|Wiśniowiecki family|Volhynian Voivodeship|Shtetls|Mass murder in 1942|Holocaust locations in Ukraine|Populated places in Zbarazh Raion |
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