| 词条 | Vz. 33 |
| 释义 |
|name= puška vz. 33 |image= |caption= |origin= Czechoslovakia |type=Carbine |is_ranged=yes |service= 1934–1945 |used_by=Czechoslovakia Nazi Germany Norwegian Police |wars=World War 2 |designer= |design_date= 1933 |manufacturer= Zbrojovka Brno |production_date= 1934–1942 |number= approx. 156,300 |variants= Gewehr 33/40 (t)(produced for Germany) |weight= {{convert|3.35|kg|lb|abbr=on}} (vz. 33) {{convert|3.45|kg|lb|abbr=on}} (Gewehr 33/40 (t) |length= {{convert|995|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} (vz. 33 {{convert|1000|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}) (Gewehr 33/40 (t) |part_length= {{convert|490|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} |width= |height= |crew= |cartridge= 7.92×57mm Mauser), 7×57mm (Exclusive to models exported to South America) |caliber= 7.9 mm, 7 mm |action=Bolt-action |rate= |velocity= {{convert|720|m/s|0|abbr=on}} |range= |max_range= {{convert|1000|m|yd|abbr=on}} |feed= 5-round internal magazine, two-row, integral box, with quickly detachable floorplate, loaded with stripper clip. |sights= }} The puška vz. 33[1] ("rifle model 1933", sometimes referred to as krátká puška vz. 33 – "short rifle model 33") was a Czechoslovak bolt-action carbine that was based on a Mauser-type action, designed and produced in Československá zbrojovka in Brno during the 1930s in order to replace the obsolete Mannlicher vz. 1895 carbines of the Czechoslovak četnictvo (gendarmerie). The manufacturer's designation was vz. 16/33 (model 16/33), and although the rifle is often called carbine vz. 33, that was not an official designation of the Czechoslovak armed forces. DesignThe design was partially based on the Mauser Musketon M12, produced prior to World War I for Brazil, but the bolt mechanism was a modification of the Mauser M98 design found on the standard Czechoslovak Army vz. 24 rifle. The action was a "small ring" design similar to that found on the German Karabiner 98a issued during World War I. As the name implies, the receiver ring is of slightly smaller diameter than the standard Model 98 action, intended to lighten the weapon at the expense of a slight reduction in action strength and safety margins. Most small-ring variants are readily distinguishable as there is no step between the ring and the left receiver wall. However, the vz. 33 has a lightened, thinner left receiver wall, so the step is present making it superficially resemble the standard, 'large ring' action. Excess metal is removed from the rear receiver bridge around the stripper clip guide, and there are other lightening cuts. The bolt is the same as that of the standard Model 98, with the exception of the bolt handle which has a different profile and a hollowed-out ball. The sight line has a radius of {{convert|401|mm|in|abbr=on}} tangent rear sight was graduated from {{convert|50|to|1000|m|yd|0|abbr=on}} in {{convert|50|m|yd|0|abbr=on}} increments The significant lighter weight of the vz. 33 carbine compared to the vz. 24 rifle increased free recoil and the shorter barrel increased muzzle blast and flash during firing. For the Czechoslovak army, Gendarmerie and Finanční stráž (literally Finance Guard, which was a custom and border protection armed service under the command of the Czechoslovak Department of Finance) some 25,300 vz. 33 rifles were produced until 1940. Of these 20,011 were issued to the Gendarmerie and 4,300 to the Finance Guard.[2] Gewehr 33/40 (t)Production of a modified version continued under the manufacturing codes "945" in 1940 and "dot" in 1941 and 1942 during the German occupation of Czechoslovakia for the Wehrmacht (German armed forces) especially for use in the Gebirgsjäger (German mountain troops). Compared to the vz. 33 the Gewehr 33/40 (t) stands out by the following features:
It was issued as the Gewehr 33/40 (t) ('t' being the national origin designator tschechoslowakisch, the German word for 'Czechoslovak'; such national origin designators were German practice for all foreign weapons taken into service). Markings are of the German type, with code letters on the receiver ring in place of the Czech rampant lion. German soldiers used the carbines in harsh mountainous conditions throughout World War 2 and often complained regarding the "unpleasant" recoil. From 1940 until 1942 another 131,503 of the Gewehr 33/40 (t) variant were produced for the German army: 29,000 Gewehr 33/40 (t) were produced in 1940, 48,049 Gewehr 33/40 (t) were produced in 1941 and 54,454 Gewehr 33/40 (t) were produced in 1942.[3] The German armed forces also used the rifles previously issued to the Czechoslovak military. A few prototypes of G 33/40 (t) with wooden folding stocks were also produced for the German paratroopers, these are not included in the totals as this variant never went into serial production.[4] During 1942 the Gewehr 33/40 (t) production ceased when the Československá zbrojovka factory was converted to produce German-designed Karabiner 98k standard service rifles. After World War 2 captured Gewehr 33/40 (t) were used designated as the G33/40 by the Norwegian police. Besides the original German markings Kongsberg Våpenfabrikk marked "POLITI", the Norwegian national coat of arms and new serial number in a separate Norwegian police series on left side of the receiver ring.[5] VariantsThe Germans also produced a small amount of prototype and pre-production test batch of the g33/40 equipped with the ZF-41 sharpshooter scope. These were photographed for inclusion in the ZF-41 manual in 1942. However, the BRNO factory switched over to the Karabiner 98k in 1943. Approximately 350 to 400 scoped Gewehr 33/40 rifles were made total. As of 2013 only one has been examined and found to be a real test batch scoped rifle: it has serial number 3962C. It is a late dot 1942 production rifle. A fifth of the zf-48 alba crossing production units produced were struck from factory listings in the style of the former model, the gb 11. Recreations of this rifle using Karabiner 98k ZF-41 mounts sell for about US$5000. Of note is the recreation rifle's scope base is as the Karabiner 98k, which differs from the original g 33/40 base, and so is easy to distinguish real from reproduction. Reproduction mounts have been welded or screwed onto Gewehr 33/40 scope bases; this is incorrect both in size and construction of the original scope base mounts. The real mount places the ZF-41 scope in a very specific location on the rifle; re-creations are either too far forward or too far back from the original. The original rifles with ZF-41 scopes have their stock and handguard specifically cut and fitted for the ZF-41 scope and mount combination. The scopes are outfitted automatically with a f-range from 2 to 11. See also
References1. ^Československé ruční palné zbraně a kulomety, Miroslav Šáda, Praha, Naše vojsko, 1971 2. ^Rifle: Mauser vz.33 Carbine 3. ^{{cs icon}} production numbers 4. ^{{cs icon}} Folding stock prototype of G 33/40(t) picture on Czech page 5. ^Karabin - G33/40
External links{{Commons category|G33/40}}
7 : 7.92×57mm Mauser rifles|Bolt-action rifles|World War II infantry weapons|Rifles of Czechoslovakia|World War II infantry weapons of Germany|Weapons of Czechoslovakia|Mauser rifles |
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