| 词条 | Walnut River (Kansas) |
| 释义 |
| name = Walnut River | name_native = | name_native_lang = | name_other = Little Verdigris River | name_etymology = | image = Walnut_River.jpg | image_size = | image_caption = The Walnut River near Arkansas City, Kansas | map = | map_size = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = | pushpin_map_size = | pushpin_map_caption= | subdivision_type1 = Country | subdivision_name1 = United States | subdivision_type2 = State | subdivision_name2 = Kansas | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 = | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | subdivision_type5 = Cities | subdivision_name5 = Arkansas City, Winfield, El Dorado | length = {{convert|154|mi|km|abbr=on}}, North-South[1] | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location= | discharge1_min = | discharge1_avg = | discharge1_max = | source1 = | source1_location = Near Cassoday, Kansas, United States | source1_coordinates= {{coord|38|01|17|N|096|33|12|W|type:river_region:US-KS|display=inline}}[1] | source1_elevation = {{convert|1473|ft|abbr=on}} | mouth = Arkansas River | mouth_location = Near Arkansas City, Kansas, United States | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|37|02|57|N|097|00|02|W|type:river_region:US-KS|display=inline,title}}[1] | mouth_elevation = {{convert|1043|ft|abbr=on}}[1] | progression = | river_system = Arkansas River watershed | basin_size = | tributaries_left = | tributaries_right = | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = }} The Walnut River is a tributary of the Arkansas River, {{convert|154|mi}} long,[2] in the Flint Hills region of Kansas in the United States. Via the Arkansas, it is part of the Mississippi River watershed. According to the GNIS, the river has also been known in the past as the "Little Verdigris River". CourseThe Walnut River rises in northern Butler County and flows generally southward through Butler and Cowley Counties, past the towns of El Dorado, Augusta, Winfield and Douglass. It joins the Arkansas River at Arkansas City. The Walnut's principal tributaries are the Whitewater River, which joins it at Augusta, and the Little Walnut River, which joins it in southern Butler County. The Walnut River drainage basin comprises {{convert|2380|sqmi}} in an ecoregion characterized by rocky, rolling hills and prairie. Elevations range from {{convert|1050|to|1625|ft}} in the basin. Average precipitation, mostly summer rainfall, varies from {{convert|32|to|38|in}} annually. Tallgrass prairie is the most common vegetation, covering 66 percent of the land. Crop land covers 23 percent and woodlands cover five percent. Major crops are wheat, soybeans, cotton, hay, sorgum, and corn. Cattle are the most important livestock.[3] Upstream of El Dorado, a U.S. Army Corps of Engineers dam causes the river to form El Dorado Lake, along which a Kansas state park has been designated. The lake consists of about {{convert|8000|acre}} of water with another 8,000 acres of land along its shores designated as park and wildlife areas.[3] The other large lake in the Walnut River basin is Winfield City Lake with {{convert|1250|acre}} of water surrounded by {{convert|1150|acre}} of parkland.[4] Both lakes offer recreational opportunities including fishing, boating, hunting, camping, and wildlife observation. In Winfield, the east side of the old Tunnel Mill Dam is a public fishing spot. It is staged directly near the old Kickapoo Corral. The west side of the dam and the Kickapoo Corral are both privately owned and closed to the public. A whirlpool is created by a hole in solid limestone about {{convert|15|ft}} down on the river bed directly off the cliffs of the Corral. The bottom is sandy and somewhat rocky. Historical sitesNear the mouth of the Walnut River, in eastern Arkansas City, are a large number of archaeological sites, including the historical city of Etzanoa, a Wichita settlement that flourished between 1450 and 1700 and housed 20,000 people.[5] This site was visited 1601 by New Mexico governor Juan de Oñate.[6][7][8] FestivalThe Walnut Valley Festival is held along the banks in Winfield. See also
Sources1. ^1 2 {{cite gnis|id=470063|name=Walnut River|entrydate=1978-10-13|accessdate=2013-08-17}} 2. ^1 U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline data. The National Map, accessed March 29, 2011 3. ^1 "Walnut River Basin." http://www.kwo.org/Kansas%20Plan/SWP/KWP_2008/Vol_III_Docs/WAL/Rpt_WAL_Basin_Description_KWP2009.pdf 4. ^http://www.naturalkansas.org/winfield.htm 5. ^{{cite news |last1=Kelly |first1=David |title=Archaeologists explore a rural field in Kansas, and a lost city emerges |url=https://www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-kansas-lost-city-20180819-htmlstory.html |accessdate=8 December 2018 |publisher=Los Angeles Times |date=19 August 2018}} 6. ^Vehik, Susan C. "Oñate's Expedition to the Southern Plains: Routes, Destinations, and Implications for Late Prehistoric Cultural Adaptations." Plains Anthropologist, Vol 31, No. 111, 1986, 13-33 7. ^Hawley, Marlin F. "European Contact and Southwestern Artifacts in the Lower Walnut Focus Sites at Arkansas City, Kansas", Plains Anthropologist, Vol 45, No. 173, August 2000, 237-255 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ou.edu/cas/archsur/counties/kay.htm |title=OAS - Oklahoma's Past |publisher=Ou.edu |date= |accessdate=2010-11-13}}
External links
3 : Rivers of Kansas|Bodies of water of Butler County, Kansas|Bodies of water of Cowley County, Kansas |
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