| 词条 | Walter Zapp |
| 释义 |
| name = Walter Zapp | image = Walter Zapp 2000.jpg | imagesize = | caption = Walter Zapp (2000) | birth_name = | birth_date = {{OldStyleDate|4 September|1905|22 August}} | birth_place = Riga, Russian Empire (now Latvia) | death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|2003|07|17|1905|08|22}} | death_place = Binningen, Switzerland | occupation = Inventor | education = Autodidact | employer = Valsts Elektrotehniskā Fabrika (VEF) Minox GmbH | known_for = Invention of Minox subminiature camera | nationality = | spouse = | religion = | partner = | children = | relatives = | signature = | website = | footnotes = }}Walter Zapp ({{lang-lv|Valters Caps}}; {{osd|4 September|1905|22 August}} – 17 July 2003)[1] was a Baltic German inventor.[2] His greatest creation was the Minox subminiature camera.[2] BiographyZapp was born in Riga, Governorate of Livonia (now Latvia).[3] In 1932, living in Estonia, he began developing the then subminiature camera by first creating wooden models, which led to the first prototype in 1936.[2] It was introduced to the market in 1938. Minox cameras were made by VEF (Valsts Elektrotehniskā Fabrika) in Latvia. VEF made 17,000 Minox cameras. During the Spring 1941 Resettlement of Baltic Germans, Walter Zapp moved to Germany. From 1941 to 1945, he worked on the development of electron microscopy at AEG in Berlin. After World War II, in 1945, he founded the Minox GmbH in Wetzlar, Germany. The company still exists. In 2001, when he went to Latvia for the last time, he said that he had gone to celebrate his 100th birthday in Latvia. He died aged 97, in Binningen near Basel, Switzerland.[3] PatentsThe innovative design and technical solutions of Zapp's camera were patented around the world. VEF received 66 patents in 18 countries for Zapp's inventions.[4] Later in the 60's, Zapp was named as the inventor in several patents granted to Minox GmbH for improvements and modifications of a subminiature camera.{{Citation needed|date=March 2014}} On the beginning of 90's, Zapp patented his last invention, the Minox T8 pocket telescope.{{Citation needed|date=March 2014}} Publications{{cite journal| author = Walter Zapp | year = 1944 | title = Ein russisches Galvanometer | journal = Physikalische Blätter | volume = 1 | issue = 9 | pages = 138–140 | doi =10.1002/phbl.19440010907 | language = German Awards and honorsIn 2001, Walter Zapp received a honorary doctorate of the Latvian Academy of Sciences and was decorated with the Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana for his special services to the Republic of Estonia.[5] Eesti Post has issued a Europa postage stamp in 1994 to commemorate Walter Zapp and his patented invention (Estonian patent No. 2628), the Minox subminiature camera.[6] See also
References1. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/7724479|title=Walter Zapp|work=Find A Grave|accessdate=20 December 2010}} 2. ^1 {{cite journal|title=Rangefinder|date=December 2010|volume=59|number=12|page=98}} 3. ^1 2 {{Cite book |last=Apinis |first=Pēteris |title=A Hundred Great Latvians. |language= |publisher=Nacionālais apgāds |location=Riga |page=126 |year=2006 |isbn=978-9984-26-288-8 |oclc=238892134 |quote=Walter Zapp was born on 4 September 1905 in the family of a Riga merchant. His father was a British subject, but his mother was a Baltic German.}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://peteris.skorovs.lv/historical-patents/minox-patents/|title=Minox Patents|work=Historical patents|author=Pēteris Skorovs|accessdate=24 February 2014}} 5. ^Teenetemärkide kavalerid: Walter Zapp Retrieved 24 August 2013. 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.post.ee/?id=1595&prod_id=739|title=EUROPA. Eesti patendid/ 072-06-1994|work=Postmargid|publisher=Eesti Post|accessdate=25 August 2013}} Further reading
External links
10 : 1905 births|2003 deaths|People from Riga|People from the Governorate of Livonia|Baltic-German people|Estonian inventors|Latvian inventors|German inventors|Swiss inventors|20th-century inventors |
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