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词条 Weinan
释义

  1. Etymology

  2. History

     Ancient   Modern 

  3. Administration

  4. Demographics

  5. Transportation

     Public Transportation  Roads   Rail   Air 

  6. Tourism

  7. Education

     Schools   Universities  

  8. Notable people

  9. International relations

  10. External links

  11. References

{{Other uses}}{{Infobox settlement
|name = {{raise|0.2em|Weinan}}
|official_name =
|native_name = {{lower|0.1em|{{nobold|{{lang|zh|渭南市}}}}}}
|settlement_type = Prefecture-level city
|total_type =
|image_skyline = WeiNan.JPG
|image_caption =
|image_map = Location of Weinan Prefecture within Shaanxi (China).png
|map_caption = Location of Weinan City jurisdiction in Shaanxi
|coordinates =
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = People's Republic of China
|subdivision_type1 = Province
|subdivision_name1 = Shaanxi
|seat_type = Municipal seat
|established_title = Settled
|established_date = 668 BC
|parts_type = Divisions
County-level:


Township-level:
|parts =
2 district
2 county-level cities
7 counties
143 towns and villages
|leader_title = CPC Ctte Secretary
|leader_name = Li Mingyuan
|leader_title1 = Mayor
|leader_name1 = Li Yi
|area_land_km2 = 13134
|area_water_km2 =
|area_water_percent =
|area_metro_km2 =
|area_blank1_title =
|area_blank1_km2 =
|elevation_footnotes =
|elevation_m =
|elevation_max_m =
|elevation_min_m =
|population_as_of =2010
|population_footnotes =
|population_note =
|population_total = 5520772
|population_density_km2 = auto
|population_metro =
|population_density_metro_km2 =
| area_urban_km2 = 78
|area_urban_footnotes =  (2018)[2]
| population_urban = 660000
| population_urban_footnotes =  (2018)[2]
|population_density_urban_km2 = auto
|population_blank1_title =
|population_blank1 =
|population_density_blank1_km2 =
|population_demonym =Guanzhong dialect
|timezone = China Standard
|utc_offset = +8
|postal_code_type = Postal code
|postal_code = 714000
|area_code = 0913
|iso_code = CN-SN-05
|blank_name_sec1 = GDP
|blank_info_sec1 = 2011
|blank1_name_sec1 =  - Total
|blank1_info_sec1 = CNY1,119.0 billion
(USD177.6 billion)
|blank2_name_sec1 =  - Per capita
|blank2_info_sec1 = CNY19,424
(USD3,007)
|blank4_name_sec1 = Licence plate prefixes
|blank4_info_sec1 = {{lang|zh-cn|陕E}}
|website = {{zh icon}} www.weinan.gov.cn
{{en icon}} en.weinan.gov.cn
}}

Weinan ({{zh|c=渭南 |p=Wèinán}}) is a prefecture-level city in the east of Shaanxi province, China. The city lies about {{convert|60|km|abbr=on}} east of the provincial capital Xi'an.

Etymology

The name "Weinan" (渭南) describes the location of the city as "the south bank of the Wei River", although despite the name, the majority of the city area lies north of the Wei River.

History

As a significant area between the ancient Chinese capital Xi'an and Luoyang, Weinan has a long history.

Ancient

The ancient Dali Man lived in the modern area of Weinan. The Xiagui county was settled in the year of 668 BC by the state of Qin. Weinan got its name in the year of 360 by the Former Qin regime. In the Tang Dynasty, 10 emperors were buried in Weinan after their death. On the morning of 23 January 1556, the deadliest earthquake on record with its epicenter in Huaxian killed approximately 830,000 people, destroying an 840 kilometre-wide (520 mi) area.[3]

Modern

The Weinan prefecture-level city was established in 1995, in replacement of the Weinan prefecture. Due to the construction of the Sanmenxia Dam, the economy of the city was restricted to agricultural sections and therefore the development level of the city is much lower than other cities in the province. The city developed rapidly after economic reform in China. The east part of Guanzhong Plain now belongs to the city, making Weinan the second most populated city in the Shaanxi province, after the capital Xi'an.

Administration

The municipal executive, legislature and judiciary are in Linwei District, together with the CPC and Public Security bureaux.

Administrative divisions of Weinan City
{{Image label begin|image=Administrative Division Weinan.png|width=495|link=}}{{Image label|x=360|y=1060|scale=495/1100|text=Linwei}}{{Image label|x=510|y=1180|scale=495/1100|text=Huazhou}}{{Image label|x=835|y=1100|scale=495/1100|text=Tongguan
County}}{{Image label|x=665|y=870|scale=495/1100|text=Dali
County}}{{Image label|x=780|y=560|scale=495/1100|text=Heyang
County}}{{Image label|x=530|y=530|scale=495/1100|text=Chengcheng
County}}{{Image label|x=400|y=745|scale=495/1100|text=Pucheng
County}}{{Image label|x=360|y=495|scale=495/1100|text=Baishui
County}}{{Image label|x=135|y=825|scale=495/1100|text=Fuping
County}}{{Image label|x=900|y=260|scale=495/1100|text=Hancheng
{{small|(city)}}}}{{Image label|x=690|y=1090|scale=495/1100|text=Huayin
{{small|(city)}}}}
Division code[4]English nameChinese namePinyinArea
（km）		SeatPostal codeSubdivisions[5]
SubdistrictsTownsResidential communitiesVillages
610500 Weinan City{{lang|zh|渭南市}}}}p=Wèinán Shì|labels=no}} 13030.56 Linwei District 714000 12 130 215 3218
610502 Linwei Districtzh-hans|临渭区}}p=Línwèi Qū|labels=no}} 1263.76 zh-hans|杜桥街道}}) 714000 8 16 56 514
610503 Huazhou Districtzh-hans|华州区}}p=Huàzhōu Qū|labels=no}} 1132.46 zh-hans|华州街道}}) 714100 1 9 15 242
610522 Tongguan Countyzh-hans|潼关县}}p=Tóngguān Xiàn|labels=no}} 427.35 zh-hans|城关街道}}) 714300 1 4 15 78
610523 Dali Countyzh-hans|大荔县}}p=Dàlì Xiàn|labels=no}} 1690.60 zh-hans|城关街道}}) 715100 1 15 26 400
610524 Heyang Countyzh-hans|合阳县}}p=Héyáng Xiàn|labels=no}} 1317.15 zh-hans|城关街道}}) 715300 1 11 19 353
610525 Chengcheng Countyzh-hans|澄城县}}p=Chéngchéng Xiàn|labels=no}} 1121.64 zh-hans|城关街道}}) 715200 1 9 14 266
610526 Pucheng Countyzh-hans|蒲城县}}p=Púchéng Xiàn|labels=no}} 1579.81 zh-hans|城关街道}}) 715500 1 15 8 373
610527 Baishui Countyzh-hans|白水县}}p=Báishuǐ Xiàn|labels=no}} 983.95 zh-hans|城关街道}}) 715600 1 7 11 194
610528 Fuping Countyzh-hans|富平县}}p=Fùpíng Xiàn|labels=no}} 1245.99 zh-hans|城关街道}}) 711700 1 14 9 337
610581 Hancheng Cityzh-hans|韩城市}}p=Hánchéng Shì|labels=no}} 1591.60 zh-hans|新城街道}}) 715400 2 10 26 275
610582 Huayin Cityzh-hans|华阴市}}p=Huàyīn Shì|labels=no}} 676.26 zh-hans|太华路街道}}) 714200 2 4 16 186
Note：The statistic of Linwei District inclouds the 2 subdistricts of Weinan High-Tech Industrial Development Zone.

Demographics

Breakdown of Weinan population by district and county (2010 census)
DivisionPermanent residents[6]（November 2010）Hukou residents[7]
(by end of 2010)
TotalPercentagePopulation density (persons/km2)
Weinan City 5286077 100 405.67 5600599
Linwei District 877142 16.59 694.07 976822
Huazhou District 322148 6.09 284.47 347913
Tongguan County 155463 2.94 363.79 165860
Dali County 693392 13.12 410.15 718340
Heyang County 436441 8.26 331.35 451983
Chengcheng County 386150 7.31 344.27 404663
Pucheng County 743000 14.06 470.31 782571
Baishui County 279679 5.29 284.24 294823
Fuping County 743385 14.06 596.62 791246
Hancheng City 391164 7.40 245.77 399696
Huayin City 258113 4.88 381.68 266682
Note:The permanent residents of Linwei district include the 49209 permanent residents of Weinan High-Tech Industrial Development Zone.

According to the sixth National Population Census of the People's Republic of China, there are 5,286,077 people resident in Weinan.[8] Compared to the previous census data from 2000, the population has decreased by 108,729 persons. Among the residents, 50.75% are males and 49.25% are females. The number of male and female residents are separately 2,682,710 and 2,603,367. The sex ratio is 103.05.[8]

Transportation

Due to its location on the plain, Weinan is well connected, especially to the provincial capital Xi'an.

Public Transportation

As of March 2015, there are 20 bus routes operated in the urban area of the city. Apart from line 1 and 2 with air-conditioning carrying a fare of 2 RMB, all other bus route fares are 1 RMB.

There are also 1000 taxis in the urban city, The base fare is currently ¥5 which covers the first 2.5 km. Additional kilometers cost ¥1.4 or ¥1.5 each.

Roads

China National Highway 108 and China National Highway 310 pass through the city. Major expressways in the city are G5 Beijing–Kunming Expressway, G30 Lianyungang–Khorgas Expressway and G65E Yulin–Lantian Expressway. 5 bridges connect north and south part of the city on the Wei River, there are also 3 road bridges connecting the city to the neighboring Shanxi Province on the Yellow River.

Rail

The urban city of Weinan owns 4 railway stations. Weinan Railway Station was open in 1934. Located on the important Longhai Railway, almost all Chinese major cities can be reached through the train. Weinan North Railway Station is a station for high-speed rail, it is located on the Xuzhou–Lanzhou High-Speed Railway and Datong–Xi'an Passenger Railway. The station is part of the Weinan Weihe Grand Bridge, one of the longest bridges in the world. Weinan South Railway Station and Weinan West Railway Station are on the Nanjing–Xi'an Railway, they are both only served by the slowest trains.

In the suburban area, there are also 2 stations for high-speed railway:Huashan North Railway Station and Dali Railway Station, there are as well also stations for conventional rail like the Huashan Railway Station and Hancheng Railway Station.

Air

There is no commercial passagenger airport in Weinan, the nearest airport is Xi'an Xianyang International Airport. A shuttle bus connects the Weinan Railway Station with the airport frequently throughout the day. A smaller airport is under construction in Huazhou District to serve the tourism of Hua Mountain.

Tourism

  • Mount Hua, one of China's Five Great Mountains, which has a long history of religious significance.
  • Xiyue Temple, Temple for the God of Mount Hua.
  • Tong Pass, an important strategic pass with historical significance.

Education

Schools

As of end in 2012, there are 2859 schools of all kinds; 75 high schools, 70 vocational schools, 310 junior high schools, 1266 primary schools, 1002 kindergartens and 7 special education schools.

Universities

Weinan has 3 higher educational institutions. The Weinan Normal University is a comprehensive multi-discipline research university. Weinan has 2 other tertiary institutions, they are Shaanxi Railway Institute and Weinan Vocational and Technical College.

Notable people

  • Sima Qian, historian of the Han Dynasty, widely considered the father of Chinese historiography for his work, the Records of the Grand Historian.
  • Emperor Wen of Sui, founder of the Sui Dynasty.
  • Guo Ziyi, general during the Tang Dynasty, ended the An Shi Rebellion.
  • Bai Juyi, renowned Chinese poet and Tang Dynasty government official.
  • Kou Zhun, a much-praised official of Song Dynasty.
  • Yang Hucheng, general who conducted the famous Xi'an Incident in 1936.
  • Xi Zhongxun, communist revolutionary and a political leader of PRC, father of Xi Jinping.

International relations

{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in China}}

Weinan's twin towns and sister cities are:

  • {{flagicon|HUN}} Szeged, Hungary (since 1999)
  • {{flagicon|ROK}} Gumi, South Korea (since 2014)
  • {{flagicon|USA}} North Las Vegas, United States (since 2015)
  • {{flagicon|ROK}} Changwon, South Korea (since 2015)
  • {{flagicon|RUS}} Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Russia (since 2016)[9]

External links

  • Weinan Government Website {{en icon}} {{zh icon}}
  • Website of Weinan Normal University Website {{en icon}} {{zh icon}}{{ru icon}}

References

1. ^
2. ^1 {{Cite book|url=http://www.demographia.com/db-worldua.pdf|title=Demographia World Urban Areas. 14th Annual Edition|last=Cox|first=W|publisher=Demographia|year=2018|isbn=|location=St. Louis|page=22}}
3. ^{{cite web |url= http://deathby1000papercuts.com/2008/05/china-earthquake-chinas-histor-of-massive-quakes/|title= China's History of Massive Earthquakes|accessdate=16 June 2008 |work= |date=12 May 2008| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20080514005335/http://deathby1000papercuts.com/2008/05/china-earthquake-chinas-history-of-massive-quakes/| archivedate= 14 May 2008 }}
4. ^{{cite web|script-title=zh:国家统计局统计用区划代码|url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjbz/cxfldm/2011/index.html|publisher=National Bureau of Statistics of China|accessdate=2015-06-26|language=Chinese}}
5. ^{{cite book |language=zh-hans |author=Ministry of Civil Affairs of the People's Republic of China|script-title=zh:《中国民政统计年鉴2014》|publisher=China Statistics Print ({{lang|zh-hans|中国统计出版社}})|isbn= 978-7-5037-7130-9}}
6. ^{{cite book |language=zh-hans |author=National Bureau of Statistics of China|script-title=zh:《中国2010年人口普查分县资料》|publisher=China Statistics Print ({{lang|zh-hans|中国统计出版社}}) |isbn=978-7-5037-6659-6}}
7. ^{{cite book |language=zh-hans |author=Ministry of Public Security of China|script-title=zh:《中华人民共和国全国分县市人口统计资料2010》|publisher=群众出版社|isbn=978-7-5014-4917-0}}
8. ^1 {{Cite web| title = 渭南市2010年第六次全国人口普查主要数据公报 (Weinan population)| url=http://www.wnpop.gov.cn/danyeman.php?id=1311&cat_id=7 | publisher=Bureau of Health and Family Planning of Weinan City, in Chinese | accessdate=2015-06-26}}
9. ^{{Cite web| title = 我市与俄罗斯阿穆尔共青城结为友好城市| url=http://www.weinan.gov.cn/news/bdyw/510928.htm | accessdate=2016-05-14}}
{{Weinan}}{{Navboxes
|list ={{Shaanxi}}{{Major cities along the Yellow River}}{{Metropolitan cities of the People's Republic of China}}{{Regions and cities of China}}
}}{{Authority control}}{{coord|34|30|N|109|30|E|display=title|source:frwiki}}

2 : Cities in Shaanxi|Weinan
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