| 词条 | Wendell Smith |
| 释义 |
Wendell Smith (March 23, 1914 – November 26, 1972) was an African American sportswriter who was influential in the choice of Jackie Robinson to become the first African American player in Major League Baseball in the 20th century. In 1993 Smith was named the winner of the J. G. Taylor Spink Award, which was awarded at the 1994 Baseball Hall of Fame induction ceremonies. Life and careerA Detroit native, Smith graduated from West Virginia State College where he pitched on the baseball team. One day after winning a game, a major league scout approached him and said that he wished that he could sign him, but couldn't due to baseball's color barrier, and instead signed the opposing pitcher. Thereafter, Smith promised himself that he'd do whatever he could to see an African-American play major league baseball. He also became the sports editor for the college's newspaper his junior year. He began his professional writing career in 1937 with the Pittsburgh Courier, then the most popular paper within the black community in the country.[1] He started as a sports writer and then a sports editor the year after. He covered the Homestead Grays and Pittsburgh Crawfords of baseball's Negro Leagues for the Courier.[2] Smith also petitioned the Baseball Writers' Association of America for membership but was turned down because he was with the Courier and not one of the white-owned papers. Smith is credited with recommending Jackie Robinson to Brooklyn Dodgers general manager Branch Rickey who was searching for the individual with strong character to successfully execute the integration of baseball. The Courier offered to pay for Smith to travel with Robinson, who had to stay in separate hotels from his teammates due to segregation policies prevalent at the time. Smith traveled with Robinson in the minors in 1946 and with the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1947.[3] In 1948 Smith released his book, Jackie Robinson: My Own Story. Later Smith moved on to Chicago and joined the white-owned Chicago Herald-American. Smith left his baseball beat and covered mostly boxing for the American. In 1948, his application to join the BBWAA was approved, and he became the first African American member of the organization, though he would become the second member of the BBWAA behind Sam Lacey. Smith moved to television in 1964 when he joined Chicago television station WGN as a sports anchor, though he continued to write a weekly column for the Chicago Sun-Times. Smith died of pancreatic cancer at age 58 in 1972, just a month after Robinson. Smith had been too ill to attend Robinson's funeral, but he wrote Robinson's obituary.[4] In 1993, he was a posthumous recipient of the J. G. Taylor Spink Award for excellence in journalism. In 1994 Smith was inducted into The Baseball Hall of Fame. His widow Wyonella Smith donated his papers to the Hall of Fame's archives in 1996, providing invaluable research material on the subject of baseball's integration. DePaul University and the University of Notre Dame have presented the Wendell Smith Award to the best player of each game between the schools' men's basketball teams since the 1972–73 season.[5] In 2014, Smith was the recipient of sports journalism's prestigious Red Smith Award. In popular cultureAndre Holland portrayed Smith in the 2013 film 42, which tells the story of Jackie Robinson's selection to play for the Dodgers, his professional ordeals, and his early minor and major league play. See also{{Portal|Baseball}}References1. ^{{cite book|last=Greenwald, Maurine Weiner|first=and Margo J. Anderson|title=Pittsburgh surveyed: social science and social reform in the early twentieth century|year=1996|publisher=University of Pittsburgh Press|location=Pittsburgh, Pa|page=282|url=http://digital.library.pitt.edu/cgi-bin/t/text/text-idx?idno=31735037864620;view=toc;c=pittpress|edition=Digital|accessdate=10 October 2013}} 2. ^{{cite book|last=Buni|first=Andrew|title=Robert L. Vann of the Pittsburgh courier: politics and Black journalism|year=1974|publisher=University of Pittsburgh Press|location=Pittsburgh|page=145|url=http://digital.library.pitt.edu/cgi-bin/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=pittpress&cc=pittpress&idno=31735057893509&q1=robert+vann&node=31735057893509%3A1.12&frm=frameset&view=image&seq=163}} 3. ^[https://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/22/sports/baseball/widows-of-bill-veeck-and-wendell-smith-keep-a-pioneering-legacy-alive.html?pagewanted=all Strauss, Ben. "Friendship as Priceless as the National Pastime," The New York Times, Wednesday, August 22, 2012.] 4. ^Plaschke, Bill. "As Jackie Robinson was making history, Wendell Smith wrote it." The Los Angeles Times, April 14, 2013. 5. ^DePaul Basketball A-to-Z – DePaul University Athletics. External links
10 : 1914 births|1972 deaths|American sportswriters|Baseball writers|J. G. Taylor Spink Award recipients|Place of death missing|West Virginia State Yellow Jackets baseball players|20th-century American writers|Jackie Robinson|Writers from Detroit |
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