| 词条 | Frederick Robertson Aikman |
| 释义 |
|honorific_prefix = |name =Frederick Robertson Aikman |honorific_suffix = VC |image =Frederick Robertson Aikman VC.jpg |image_size = |alt = |caption = |birth_date ={{birth date|1828|02|06|df=y}} |death_date ={{Death date and age|1888|10|05|1828|02|06|df=y}} |birth_place =Ross, South Lanarkshire |death_place =Hamilton, South Lanarkshire |placeofburial =Kensal Green Cemetery, London |placeofburial_label = |placeofburial_coordinates = |nickname = |birth_name = |allegiance ={{flag|United Kingdom|23px}} |branch = Bengal Army {{flag|British India|23px}} {{army|United Kingdom|23px}} |serviceyears = |rank = |servicenumber = |unit = |commands = |battles =First Anglo-Sikh War Second Anglo-Sikh War Indian Mutiny |battles_label = |awards = Victoria Cross |memorials = |spouse = |relations = |laterwork =Member of The Honourable Corps of Gentlemen at Arms |signature = }} Colonel Frederick Robertson Aikman VC (6 February 1828 – 5 October 1888) was a Scottish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. Early lifeAikman was born on 6 February 1828, and later baptised on 4 May.[1] He was the son of Captain George Robertson Aikman, and decided to follow his father into military service.[2] Military careerAikman joined the Bengal Army, and went on to serve for eighteen years. He fought in the First Anglo-Sikh War, including being present at the Battle of Sobraon. During the Second Anglo-Sikh War, he was assigned to Major-General Hugh Wheeler's forces until the Indian Rebellion of 1857. During that war, he fought in a number of battles including the Siege of Delhi and the Capture of Lucknow.[3] At the age of 30 years, and while a lieutenant in the 4th Bengal Native Infantry, Bengal Army during the Indian Mutiny when the following deed took place on 1 March 1858 near Amethi, India, for which he was awarded the VC: {{quote|This Officer, Commanding the 3rd Sikh Cavalry on the advanced Picquet, with one hundred of his men, having obtained information, just as the Force marched on the morning of the 1st of March last, of the proximity, three miles off the high road, of a body of 500 Rebel Infantry, 200 Horse, and 2 Guns, under Moosahib All Ctiuckbdar, attacked and utterly routed them, cutting up more than 100 men, capturing two guns, and driving the survivors into, and over, the Goomtee. This feat was performed under every disadvantage of broken ground, and partially under the flanking fire of an adjoining Fort. Lieutenant Aikman received a severe sabre cut in the face in a personal encounter with several of the enemy.[3]}}He ended his military career with the rank of Colonel in the Service of the Middlesex Regiment Volunteers after retiring on half pay due to the injury he sustained in the Victoria Cross action.[3] On 4 March 1862, Aikman married Louisa Grace Hargreaves at St. Stephen's, Paddington.[4] He was appointed a member of The Honourable Corps of Gentlemen at Arms,[5] the Queen’s official bodyguard, on 13 May 1865, having been nominated by Lord Thomas Foley.[6] While a member of the Guard, he was charged with being drunk and disorderly while in charge of four horses and a coach. He and a group of his friends and servants had been returned from a trip to the Epsom Races when he was arrested after driving recklessly.[7] Aikman was one of the jurers in Tichborne v. Lushington.[8] Death and legacyAikman was one of 55 men awarded the Victoria Cross who were painted by Louis Desanges between 1859 and 1862. These paintings went on display at the Crystal Palace in the 1860s and 70s.[9] Aikman's painting is now owned by and stored in the National Army Museum.[9] Their collection also holds a second painting of Aikman; a portrait by Captain George Agnew Goldinham which was created around 1860.[10] There are four photographic portraits of Aikman held by the National Portrait Gallery.[8] Colonel Aikman, died suddenly on 5 October 1888 during the County Ball at Hamilton, Lanarkshire.[11] He is buried in Kensal Green Cemetery in London.[12] He remained one of the Queen's Bodyguard until his death.[13] References1. ^{{cite web|title=British India Office Birth and baptismal certificates in Cadet Papers Transcription|url=http://search.findmypast.co.uk/record?id=bl%2fbind%2fl-mil-9%2f19031&highlights=%22%22|publisher=Findmypast|accessdate=29 September 2014|subscription=yes}} 2. ^{{cite news|title=Deaths|url=http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000275/18881008/105/0002|accessdate=29 September 2014|work=Evening Telegraph & Star|page=2|issue=417|publisher=British Newspaper Archive|date=8 October 1888|subscription=yes}} 3. ^London Gazette 4. ^{{cite news|title=Marriages|url=http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000609/18620306/059/0007|accessdate=29 September 2014|work=London Evening Standard|publisher=British Newspaper Archive|page=7|issue=11721|date=6 March 1862|subscription=yes}} 5. ^{{cite web|title=Royal Household Index 1660-1901 Transcription|url=http://search.findmypast.co.uk/record?id=gbprs%2fhrh%2f88000892%2f1&highlights=%22%22|publisher=Findmypast|accessdate=29 September 2014|subscription=yes}} 6. ^{{cite news|title=St. Jame's Palace, 13 May|url=http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000433/18650517/034/0004|accessdate=29 September 2014|work=Dublin Evening Mail|publisher=British Newspaper Archive|date=17 May 1865|page=4|issue=8769|subscription=yes}} 7. ^{{cite news|title=A Lt.-Col Of Her Majesty's Body Guard On The Box|url=http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000654/18770605/030/0004|accessdate=29 September 2014|work=Sussex Agricultural Express|publisher=British Newspaper Archive|date=5 June 1877|page=4|issue=3019|subscription=yes}} 8. ^1 {{cite web|title=Frederick Robertson Aikman|url=http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/portrait/mw191517/Frederick-Robertson-Aikman?LinkID=mp120606&role=sit&rNo=0|publisher=National Portrait Gallery|accessdate=29 September 2014}} 9. ^1 {{cite web|title=Lieutenant Frederick Aikman, 4th Regiment [Bengal] Native Infantry, commanding 3rd Regiment Irregular Cavalry, winning the VC at Lucknow, 1 March 1858.|url=http://www.nam.ac.uk/online-collection/detail.php?acc=1962-03-1-1|publisher=National Army Museum|accessdate=29 September 2014}} 10. ^{{cite web|title=Major (later Lieutenant Colonel) Frederick Robertson Aikman (1828–1888), VC, 4th Bengal Native Infantry|url=https://artuk.org/discover/artworks/major-later-lieutenant-colonel-frederick-robertson-aikman-18281888-vc-4th-bengal-native-infantry-182685|publisher=Art UK|accessdate=29 September 2014}} 11. ^1 2 {{cite news|title=Obituary|url=http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000517/18881013/012/0003|accessdate=29 September 2014|work=Cheltenham Chronicle|publisher=British Newspaper Archive|date=13 October 1888|page=3|issue=4107|subscription=yes}} 12. ^{{cite web|title=Monuments at Kensal Green|url=http://www.kensalgreen.co.uk/documents/KG_monuments_commerce.html|publisher=Friends of Kensal Green Cemetery|accessdate=29 September 2014}} 13. ^{{cite news|title=St. Jame's Palace, May 5.|url=http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000174/18890511/039/0005|accessdate=29 September 2014|work=The Morning Post |publisher=British Newspaper Archive|date=11 May 1889|issue=36474|page=5|subscription=yes}} External links
12 : British recipients of the Victoria Cross|Indian Rebellion of 1857 recipients of the Victoria Cross|British Indian Army officers|British East India Company Army officers|1828 births|1888 deaths|Burials at Kensal Green Cemetery|People from South Lanarkshire|British military personnel of the First Anglo-Sikh War|British military personnel of the Second Anglo-Sikh War|Honourable Corps of Gentlemen at Arms|Middlesex Regiment officers |
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