| 词条 | Westland PV-3 | ||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Westland PV-3 was a British two-seat torpedo bomber of the 1930s built by Westland Aircraft Works. The aircraft was a private venture development and based on the Westland Wapiti. It never entered production. The aircraft is best known as one of the first two to fly over Everest as part of the Houston-Mount Everest Flight Expedition. HistoryThe PV-3 design was produced in 1930 as a private venture two-seat aircraft that could be used as either a carrier-based torpedo bomber intended to carry a new lightweight torpedo being developed by the Admiralty, or as an army-co-operation aircraft.[1] As such, it was a development of the Wapiti, with an all-metal structure and folding two-bay wings. It was powered by a 575 hp (429 kW) Bristol Jupiter XFA radial engine, having a defensive armament of one forward-firing Vickers machine gun and a Lewis gun on a Scarff ring on the observer's cockpit. It could carry either the planned 1,000 lb (455 kg) torpedo under the fuselage or an equivalent weight of bombs under the wings.[2] It first flew in February 1931, showing good performance (in particular, a high ceiling) and handling when tested by the Aeroplane and Armament Experimental Establishment at Martlesham Heath. Despite this, no orders resulted, and the lightweight torpedo was cancelled.[3] In November 1932, the PV-3 was chosen, together with the Westland PV-6 (the prototype of the Westland Wallace) for the Houston Mount Everest Flying Expedition to fly over and photograph Mount Everest.[3] The aircraft, now registered G-ACAZ, was remodelled with a rear cabin and a 630 hp Bristol Pegasus engine driving a large diameter propeller.[4] It was test flown from Yeovil in the new configuration, and on 25 January 1933 reached a height of 35,000 ft.[5] Flown by Lord Clydesdale with Stewart Blacker as observer and photographer,[6] it was accompanied by the Wallace as, on 3 April 1933, the two aircraft became the first to fly over Mount Everest, flying over Kangchenjunga on 4 April and making a second flight over Everest (as the initial flight had produced inadequate photographs for map-making) on 19 April 1933.[7] The PV-3 was later exhibited at Selfridges department store in London in July 1933. In December 1933 the aircraft, given the military serial K4048, was issued to Bristol Aircraft as an engine testbed.[8] The aircraft is also referred to as the Houston-Westland in honour of Lady Houston who had financed the 1933 expedition. Operators
Specifications (Houston Westland){{aircraft specifications|plane or copter?=plane |jet or prop?=prop |ref=Westland Aircraft since 1915 [9] |crew=two |capacity= |length main= 34 ft 2 in |length alt= 10.42 m |span main= 46 ft 6 in |span alt= 14.18 m |height main= 11 ft 8 in |height alt= 3.56 m |area main= 500 ft² |area alt= 46.5 m² |airfoil= |empty weight main= 3,420 lb |empty weight alt= 1,555 kg |empty weight more= |loaded weight main= 5,100 lb |loaded weight alt= 2,318 kg |useful load main= |useful load alt= |max takeoff weight main= |max takeoff weight alt= |more general= |engine (prop)= Bristol Pegasus IS3 |type of prop= nine-cylinder radial engine |number of props= 1 |power main= 630 hp |power alt= 470 kW |power original= |max speed main= 163 mph |max speed alt= 142 knots, 262 km/h |max speed more= |cruise speed main= |cruise speed alt= |never exceed speed main= |never exceed speed alt= |stall speed main= |stall speed alt= |range main= |range alt= |ceiling main= 35,000 ft |ceiling alt= 15,900 m |climb rate main= |climb rate alt= |climb rate more= |loading main= 10.2 lb/ft² |loading alt= 49.8 kg/m² |thrust/weight= |power/mass main= 0.12 hp/kg |power/mass alt= 0.20 kW/kg |more performance= *Climb to 20,000 ft (6,100 m): 20 min |armament= |avionics= }} References1. ^Mason 1994, p.221. 2. ^James 1991, pp.195–197. 3. ^1 James 1991, p.197. 4. ^James 1991, p.198. 5. ^James 1991, p.200. 6. ^{{citation |magazine=Flight |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1933/1933%20-%201200.html |title=Book Reviews |date=7 December 1933 |page=1248}} 7. ^James 2008, pp24-25. 8. ^Jackson 1988, p.365. 9. ^James 1991, pp.200–201.
External links{{commons category|Westland PV-3}}
5 : British bomber aircraft 1930–1939|Westland aircraft|Single-engined tractor aircraft|Biplanes|Aircraft first flown in 1931 |
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