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词条 Freedom Award
释义

  1. Recipients

  2. Notes

  3. References

{{Distinguish|IRI Freedom Award|Association of Former Intelligence Officers Freedom Award}}{{Infobox award
| name = Freedom Award
| current_awards =
| image =
| imagesize =
| alt =
| caption =
| description = "extraordinary contributions to the cause of refugees and human freedom"[1]
| presenter = International Rescue Committee
| country = United States
| location =
| year = 1957
| year2 = 2013
| holder =
| website = IRC Freedom Award
}}

The International Rescue Committee (IRC) bestows its Freedom Award for extraordinary contributions to the cause of refugees and human freedom. According to the IRC, "The Freedom Award reveals the remarkable ability of an individual to shape history and change for the better a world moving toward freedom for all."[1]

The IRC was founded in 1933 at the request of Albert Einstein,[1] and made its first Freedom Award in 1957, to German politician Willy Brandt, who went on to win the Nobel Peace Prize.[2] The following year, the award was presented to Winston Churchill, British prime minister during the Second World War, for his "dedicated and devoted service to the cause of human liberty".[5] The first joint recipients of the award were Lane Kirkland and his wife Irena who won the prize in 1981.[6] Lane was honored for his "long devotion to the cause of refugees" while Irena was described as "very much a human rights activist".[6] Chinese dissidents Li Shuxian and Fang Lizhi were jointly honored in 1991;[1][3] two American Presidents, George H.W. Bush and Bill Clinton took the prize as a pair in 2005, and film actress Angelina Jolie and United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees High Commissioner António Guterres received the award together in 2007.[10]

Since the first award presentation in 1957, the IRC has made it to 46 recipients, 24 of which were American; the majority of awards have been to politicians. The 1995 presentation was made in absentia to Burmese pro-democracy campaigner and leader of the opposition National League for Democracy (NLD) party, Aung San Suu Kyi.[4][12] The 2011 award ceremony was held in New York City, at the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel in November, where the presentation was made to the Brokaw family.[5] In 2012, John C. Whitehead received the prize for a second time, the only person to do so.[1]

Recipients

YearImageRecipientNationalityReferences
1957Willy|Brandt}}GER|name=German}} [6]
1958Winston|Churchill}}GBR|name=British}} [7]
1959William Joseph|Donovan}}USA|name=American}} [8]
1960Richard Evelyn|Byrd}}USA|name=American}} [8]
1965George|Meany}}USA|name=American}} [19]
1966David|Dubinsky}}USA|name=American}} [8]
1967David|Sarnoff}}USA|name=American}} [21]
1969Lucius D.|Clay}}USA|name=American}} [8]
1970Jacob K.|Javits}}USA|name=American}} [21]
1975Bruno|Kreisky}}AUT|name=Austrian}} [9]
1976—Leo|Cherne}}USA|name=American}} [8]
1977Hubert|Humphrey}}USA|name=American}} [19]
1978—Joseph|Buttinger}}AUT|name=Austrian}} [8]
1979—Mary Pillsbury |Lord}}{{anchor|ref_A}}[A]USA|name=American}} [8]
1981Lane|Kirkland|Lane Kirkland}}
Irena Kirkland		USA|name=American}}
{{flag|USA|name=American}}		 [6]
1987Elie|Wiesel}}ROM|name=Romanian}} [19]
1987—John C.|Whitehead}}USA|name=American}} [10]
1989Prince Sadruddin|Aga Khan}}FRA|name=French}}
{{flag|IRN|name=Iranian}}
{{flag|SUI|name=Swiss}}		 [8]
1989Lech|Wałęsa}}POL|name=Polish}} [11]
1990Violeta|Chamorro}}NIC|name=Nicaraguan}} [8]
1991—Fang|Lizhi}}
Li Shuxian		CHN|name=Chinese}}
{{flag|CHN|name=Chinese}}		 [8]
1991Javier|Pérez de Cuéllar}}PER|name=Peruvian}} [12]
1992Cyrus|Vance}}USA|name=American}} [21]
1993George|Soros}}{{anchor|ref_B}}[B]HUN|name=Hungarian}} [13]
1993—Dwayne|Andreas}}{{anchor|ref_C}}[C]USA|name=American}} [8]
1994—Theodore J.|Forstmann}}{{anchor|ref_B}}[B]USA|name=American}} [14]
1994—Felix|Rohatyn}}{{anchor|ref_C}}[C]AUT|name=Austrian}} [14]
1995Aung San|Suu Kyi}}{{anchor|ref_D}}[D]Burma|1974|name=Burmese}} [12]
1995Sadako|Ogata}}JPN|name=Japanese}} [12]
1995Richard|Holbrooke}}USA|name=American}} [8]
1997—Robert P.|De Vecchi}}USA|name=American}} [21]
1999Madeleine|Albright}}USA|name=American}} [15]
2001John|McCain}}USA|name=American}} [16]
2002—Reynold|Levy}}USA|name=American}} [17]
2002Hamid|Karzai}}AFG|name=Afghan}} [18]
2003Václav|Havel}}CZE|1936|name=Czech}} [12]
2004Roméo|Dallaire}}{{anchor|ref_B}}[B]CAN|name=Canadian}} [19]
2005
George H.W.|Bush}}
Bill Clinton		USA|name=American}}
{{flag|USA|name=American}}		 [20]
2006Ellen Johnson|Sirleaf}}Liberia|name=Liberian}} [21]
2007
António|Guterres}}
Angelina Jolie		POR|name=Portuguese}}
{{flag|USA|name=American}}		 [22]
2008Kofi|Annan}}GHA|name=Ghanaian}} [23]
2011Brokaw|family|Tom Brokaw|Brokaw}}USA|name=American}} [5]
2012—John C.|Whitehead}}USA|name=American}} [24]
2013George|Soros}}{{anchor|ref_B}}[B]HUN|name=Hungarian}} [13][25]
2014 The humanitarian aid worker [26]
2015Shimon PeresISR|name=Israeli}}
2016Spyros GalinosGRE|name=Greek}}[27]
2017Leopoldo|López}}VEN|name=Venezuelan}} [28][29]

Notes

{{ref begin}}
  • A {{anchor|endnote_A}}^ Lord's award was made posthumously.[8]
  • B {{anchor|endnote_B}}^ Distinguished Humanitarian Award[8]
  • C {{anchor|endnote_C}}^ Distinguished Public Service Award[8]
  • D {{anchor|endnote_D}}^ Special Freedom Award Recipient, in absentia[8]
{{ref end}}

References

1. ^{{Cite web | url = http://www.theirc.org/irc-a-glance | title = IRC at a glance | publisher = International Rescue Committee | accessdate=2010-04-22}}
2. ^{{cite web |url=http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1971/index.html |title=The Nobel Peace Prize 1971 |accessdate=2010-04-22|publisher=Nobel Foundation}}
3. ^{{Cite web |url = https://www.nytimes.com/1990/06/26/world/statements-by-chinese-dissidents-and-beijing.html?pagewanted=1| work = The New York Times| accessdate=2010-05-01|date=1990-06-26| title = Statements by Chinese Dissidents and Beijing}}
4. ^{{Cite web | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/1950505.stm | title = Profile: Aung San Suu Kyi| publisher = BBC News|accessdate=2010-05-01|date=2009-08-11}}
5. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://www.rescue.org/blog/2011-freedom-award-honoring-brokaw-family |title=2011 Freedom Award: Honoring the Brokaw Family |publisher=International Rescue Committee |accessdate=2013-03-27 |date=2011-11-10 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130720162027/http://www.rescue.org/blog/2011-freedom-award-honoring-brokaw-family |archivedate=2013-07-20 |df= }}
6. ^1 2 3 {{Cite web | url = https://www.nytimes.com/1981/04/07/nyregion/notes-on-people-kirklands-to-get-awards.html | work = The New York Times | accessdate=2010-04-22|date=1981-04-07| title = Notes on people; Kirklands to Get Awards| first=Albin|last=Krebs}}
7. ^1 {{Cite web | url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=71YmAAAAIBAJ&sjid=h_8FAAAAIBAJ&pg=6651,1916795&dq=freedom+award+churchill+1958&hl=en | title = Give Churchill Freedom Award| work = Gettysburg Times | date=1958-05-30| accessdate=2010-04-22|page=2}}
8. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 {{Cite web |url = http://www.theirc.org/irc-freedom-award | title = IRC Freedom Award | publisher =International Rescue Committee|accessdate=2010-04-22}}
9. ^{{Cite web | url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1873&dat=19750410&id=A0YfAAAAIBAJ&sjid=ftEEAAAAIBAJ&pg=752,4006334| work=The Daytona Beach News-Journal| accessdate=2010-04-22|date=1975-04-10|page=35| title=Austria's Kreisky Will Get Freedom Award}}
10. ^{{Cite web | url = https://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2000/20001115.sgsm7625.doc.html | publisher = United Nations | accessdate=2010-04-22|date=2000-11-15| title = Press Release – SG/SM/7625}}
11. ^1 2 3 {{Cite web | url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1665&dat=19891117&id=8xoaAAAAIBAJ&sjid=YyQEAAAAIBAJ&pg=6576,4265665 | title = Walesa says West to blame if Poland fails| work=Times-News | accessdate=2010-04-22|date=1989-11-17|page=2}}
12. ^{{Cite web |url = https://www.nytimes.com/1991/11/03/style/social-events.html?pagewanted=1 | work = The New York Times | accessdate=2010-04-22| date = 1991-11-03|title = Social Events}}
13. ^1 2 {{Cite web | url = http://www.unhcr.org/473055832.html| title = High Commissioner and Angelina Jolie to receive IRC Freedom Award| publisher = United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees | accessdate=2010-04-22| date=2007-11-06}}
14. ^1 {{Cite web | url = https://www.nytimes.com/1994/11/20/style/benefits-872687.html?pagewanted=1 | work = The New York Times | accessdate=2010-04-22| date = 1994-11-20| title = Benefits}}
15. ^1 2 3 4 {{Cite web |url = http://www.theirc.org/news/madeleine-albright-receives-international-rescue-committees-freedom-award-3837 | title = Madeleine Albright receives International Rescue Committee's Freedom Award|publisher = International Rescue Committee| accessdate=2010-04-22|date=1999-11-10}}
16. ^{{Cite web |url = http://mccain.senate.gov/public/index.cfm?FuseAction=PressOffice.Speeches&ContentRecord_id=958c32e7-3044-4620-bec4-a46d4a859a42&Region_id=&Issue_id=e2d83197-0adb-4a53-994a-9eb58268b452 | title = Remarks of Senator John McCain – The International Rescue Committee's 2001 Freedom Award Dinner| accessdate=2010-04-22|date=2001-11-14| publisher=U.S. Senator John McCain – Arizona}}
17. ^{{Cite web|url=http://aysps.gsu.edu/nsp/2355.html |publisher=Georgia State University |accessdate=2010-04-22 |title=2008 UPS Lecture on Nonprofit Leadership, Governance and Economic Stewardship |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100630072347/http://aysps.gsu.edu/nsp/2355.html |archivedate=2010-06-30 |df= }}
18. ^{{Cite web |url = http://www.afghanembassyjp.com/en/government/ | title = His Excellency President Hamed Karzai| publisher = The Embassy of Afghanistan – Tokyo | accessdate=2010-04-22}}
19. ^{{Cite web |url = http://www.hks.harvard.edu/cchrp/pdf/IRCSpeech.pdf |format = pdf |accessdate = 2010-04-22 |title = Samantha Power – IRC Freedom Award Dinner – November 10, 2004 |publisher = Harvard University |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20100630233849/http://www.hks.harvard.edu/cchrp/pdf/IRCSpeech.pdf |archivedate = June 30, 2010 |df = }}
20. ^{{Cite web | url = http://www.theirc.org/news/irc-honors-former-presidents-bush-and-clinton-tsunami-katrina-relief-efforts-3690| title = IRC Honors Former Presidents Bush and Clinton for Tsunami, Katrina Relief Efforts| publisher = International Rescue Committee|accessdate=2010-05-14|date=2005-11-10}}
21. ^{{Cite web | url = http://emansion.gov.lr/content.php?sub=President%27s%20Biography&related=The%20President | title = Biographical Brief of Ellen Johnson Sirleaf | publisher = Government of the Republic of Liberia – Executive Mansion | accessdate = 2010-04-22 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20100423155204/http://www.emansion.gov.lr/content.php?sub=President%27s%20Biography&related=The%20President | archivedate = 2010-04-23 | df = }}
22. ^1 2 3 4 {{Cite web | url = https://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=24590&Cr=freedom&Cr1=award | publisher = United Nations | accessdate=2010-04-22 | title = UN refugee agency, Angelina Jolie receive Freedom Award|date=2007-11-08}}
23. ^{{Cite news |url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/features/give-til-it-hurts/story-e6frg6z6-1111118257963 |title=Give 'til it hurts |newspaper=The Australian |author2=Harris, Bret |access-date=2010-05-19 |date=2008-12-09 |first=Stephen |last=Lunn}}
24. ^{{Cite web | url = https://blogs.wsj.com/speakeasy/2012/11/08/international-rescue-committee-honors-john-c-whitehead/ | work = Wall Street Journal | date = 2012-11-08 | accessdate = 2013-09-06 | title = Kissinger, Bloomberg Honor IRC at Freedom Award Dinner | first = Monika | last = Anderson}}
25. ^{{cite web |last1=International Rescue Committee |title=Freedom Award: Honoring George Soros |url=http://www.rescue.org/blog/freedom-award-honoring-george-soros |website=Rescue.org |publisher=International Rescue Committee |access-date=22 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150203001404/http://www.rescue.org/blog/freedom-award-honoring-george-soros |archive-date=2015-02-03}}
26. ^Honoring the humanitarian aid worker {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906092026/http://www.rescue.org/video/honoring-humanitarian-aid-worker |date=2015-09-06 }}, Rescue, 2014
27. ^{{cite web|title=International Rescue Committee honors Mayor Spyros Galinos of Lesbos and the Mack family at annual Rescue Dinner benefit|url=https://www.rescue.org/press-release/international-rescue-committee-honors-mayor-spyros-galinos-lesbos-and-mack-family|accessdate=26 December 2016}}
28. ^{{cite web |title=Governor Scott Joins Venezuelan Expats In Doral; Says Maduro, 'Thugs' Have To Go |url=http://wlrn.org/post/governor-scott-joins-venezuelan-expats-doral-says-maduro-thugs-have-go/|accessdate=2017-05-08}}
29. ^{{cite web |title=Freedom Award: Leopoldo López fue homenajeado con el Freedom Award en Miami |url=http://www.caraotadigital.net/nacionales/leopoldo-lopez-fue-homenajeado-con-el-freedom-award-en-miami/|accessdate=2017-05-08}}
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3 : Human rights awards|Humanitarian and service awards|Awards established in 1957
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