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词条 Wightman Cup
释义

  1. History

  2. Results

  3. See also

  4. References

  5. External links

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| status = Inactive
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| country = USA, UK
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| first = {{Start date|1923|df=y}}
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| last = {{Start date|1989|df=y}}
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The Wightman Cup was an annual team tennis competition for women contested from 1923 through 1989 (except during World War II) between teams from the United States and Great Britain.

History

U.S. player Hazel Hotchkiss Wightman wanted to generate international interest in women's tennis the way Davis Cup did for men's. In 1920, she donated a sterling silver vase to the United States Lawn Tennis Association (USLTA) as a prize for an international team competition.[1] Initial efforts to involve teams from all over the world, and in particular France with Suzanne Lenglen, proved unsuccessful due to financial constraints.[2] The USLTA decided to invite Great Britain to challenge for the prize. Each match consisted of seven 'rubbers': five singles rubbers and two doubles.[3] The top two players from each team would face each other in singles, with the matches then reversed. A third singles player from each team would play each other once. Two doubles teams would compete, but no player could play more than one doubles match. The cup always ended with the doubles match played between the two top pairs from each team.

The inaugural competition was played on 11 and 13 August 1923 in the newly constructed stadium at the West Side Tennis Club in Forest Hills, New York.[4] The matches were played in even years in Britain and in odd years in the U.S. The U.S. matches were played at the West Side Tennis Club in Forest Hills, New York from the first year, 1923, through 1947, and the British matches were played at Wimbledon from the first year, 1924, through 1972.[5] The competition was a two-day event until 1967 when the U.S. event was held over three days in order to generate more revenue. A record 16,000 spectators attended that year.[2] Until 1960 all editions of the Wightman Cup were played on grass courts, in later years also clay courts, cement and synthetic carpet were used.[2] In 1978, the competition moved indoors to the Royal Albert Hall,[6] was sponsored for the first time,[5] and was called the Carnation Wightman Cup.[6]

The competition was continued through 1989. The USTA and the Lawn Tennis Association jointly announced on February 20, 1990, that the competition would be suspended indefinitely, citing low interest following years of American domination.[7][8][9]

Results

Total wins: {{USA}} 51–10 {{GBR}}[10]
YearLocationWinnerScore
1923[11] Forest Hills, New York City {{USA}} 7–0
1924[12] Wimbledon, England {{GBR}} 6–1
1925[13] Forest Hills, New York City {{GBR}} 4–3
1926[14] Wimbledon, England {{USA}} 4–3
1927[15] Forest Hills, New York City {{USA}} 5–2
1928[16] Wimbledon, England {{GBR}} 4–3
1929[17] Forest Hills, New York City {{USA}} 4–3
1930[18] Wimbledon, England {{GBR}} 4–3
1931[19] Forest Hills, New York City {{USA}} 5–2
1932[20] Wimbledon, England {{USA}} 4–3
1933[21] Forest Hills, New York City {{USA}} 4–3
1934[22] Wimbledon, England {{USA}} 5–2
1935[23] Forest Hills, New York City {{USA}} 4–3
1936[24] Wimbledon, England {{USA}} 4–3
1937[25] Forest Hills, New York City {{USA}} 6–1
1938[26] Wimbledon, England {{USA}} 5–2
1939[27] Forest Hills, New York City {{USA}} 5–2
1940[28]–
1945[29] 		not held (World War II)
1946[30] Wimbledon, England {{USA}} 7–0
1947[31] Forest Hills, New York City {{USA}} 7–0
1948[11] Wimbledon, England {{USA}} 6–1
1949[32] Haverford, Pennsylvania {{USA}} 7–0
1950[11] Wimbledon, England {{USA}} 7–0
1951[11] Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts {{USA}} 6–1
1952[11] Wimbledon, England {{USA}} 7–0
1953[33] Rye, New York {{USA}} 7–0
1954[11] Wimbledon, England {{USA}} 6–0
1955[11] Rye, New York {{USA}} 6–1
1956[11] Wimbledon, England {{USA}} 5–2
1957[11] Edgeworth, Pennsylvania {{USA}} 6–1
1958[34] Wimbledon, England {{GBR}} 4–3
1959[11] Edgeworth, Pennsylvania {{USA}} 6–1
1960[5][35] Wimbledon, England {{GBR}} 4–3
1961[36] Chicago, Illinois {{USA}} 6–1
1962[11] Wimbledon, England {{USA}} 4–3
1963[11] Cleveland, Ohio {{USA}} 6–1
1964[37] Wimbledon, England {{USA}} 5–2
1965[38] Cleveland, Ohio {{USA}} 5–2
1966[11] Wimbledon, England {{USA}} 4–3
1967[11] Cleveland, Ohio {{USA}} 6–1
1968[11] Wimbledon, England {{GBR}} 4–3
1969[11] Cleveland, Ohio {{USA}} 5–2
1970[11] Wimbledon, England {{USA}} 4–3
1971[11] Cleveland, Ohio {{USA}} 4–3
1972[11] Wimbledon, England {{USA}} 5–2
1973[11] Brookline, Massachusetts {{USA}} 5–2
1974[11] Queensferry, Wales {{GBR}} 6–1
1975[39] Cleveland, Ohio {{GBR}} 5–2
1976[5][11][40] Crystal Palace, London, England {{USA}} 5–2
1977[11] Oakland, California {{USA}} 7–0
1978[6][41][42] Royal Albert Hall, London, England {{GBR}} 4–3
1979[11] West Palm Beach, Florida {{USA}} 7–0
1980[43][11][41] Royal Albert Hall, London, England {{USA}} 5–2
1981[11] Chicago, Illinois {{USA}} 7–0
1982[11] Royal Albert Hall, London, England {{USA}} 6–1
1983[11] Williamsburg, Virginia {{USA}} 6–1
1984[11][41][44] Royal Albert Hall, London, England {{USA}} 5–2
1985[11] Williamsburg, Virginia {{USA}} 7–0
1986[41][45] Royal Albert Hall, London, England {{USA}} 7–0
1987[11] Williamsburg, Virginia {{USA}} 5–2
1988[41][46] Royal Albert Hall, London, England {{USA}} 7–0
1989[10][11] Williamsburg, Virginia {{USA}} 7–0

See also

  • Fed Cup

References

1. ^{{cite news|title=Wightman Cup Up Again|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1922/01/15/109831946.pdf|newspaper=The New York Times|date=January 15, 1922}}
2. ^1 2 {{cite book|title=The Encyclopedia of Tennis|year=1974|publisher=George Allen & Unwin Ltd|location=London|isbn=0047960426|editor=Max Robertson|pages=343–346}}
3. ^{{cite news|title=Lady Tennis Stars in International Contest|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qwZTAAAAIBAJ&sjid=0jcNAAAAIBAJ&dq=wightman%20tennis%20wills%20mollary&pg=4621%2C1430912|newspaper=The Morning Leader|date=Aug 11, 1923}}
4. ^{{cite book|last=USTA|first=United States Tennis Association|title=Official Encyclopedia of Tennis|year=1979|publisher=Harper & Row|location=New York|isbn=0060144785|edition=Rev. and updated 1st|editor=Bill Shannon|page=362}}
5. ^1 2 3 {{cite web| title = The LTA 1945 to 1988| work = History| publisher = LTA| url = http://www.lta.org.uk/AboutUs/History/19451988/ | accessdate =2008-04-23 }}
6. ^1 2 {{Cite journal| title = Wightman Cup official programme 1978| date =1978-11-02}}.
7. ^"No Contest: Wightman Cup Is Canceled", Washington Post, February 21, 1990
8. ^{{cite news|title=Wightman Cup Stopped|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/02/21/sports/wightman-cup-stopped.html|newspaper=The New York Times|date=February 21, 1990}}
9. ^{{cite web|title=British Cancel '90 Wightman Cup|url=http://articles.dailypress.com/1990-02-21/sports/9002210055_1_wightman-cup-format-usta-president-david-markin|publisher=Daily Press|date=February 21, 1990}}
10. ^1 Guinness Tennis Book of World Records {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724192630/http://www.tennislovers.com/Content/guiness_noframes.htm |date=July 24, 2011 }}
11. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 {{cite book |author=Collins, Bud |title=The Bud Collins History of Tennis: An Authoritative Encyclopedia and Record Book |publisher=New Chapter Press |location=New York, N.Y |year=2008 |pages=517–522 |isbn=0-942257-41-3 |oclc= |doi= |accessdate=}}
12. ^Time magazine, June 30, 1924.
13. ^Time magazine, August 24, 1925.
14. ^[https://www.nytimes.com/1926/06/19/archives/us-women-take-the-wightman-cup-wrest-tennis-trophy-from-british.html New York Times, June 19, 1926.]
15. ^Time magazine, August 22, 1927.
16. ^Time magazine, June 25, 1928.
17. ^Time magazine, August 19, 1929.
18. ^Time magazine, June 23, 1930.
19. ^Time magazine, August 17, 1931.
20. ^Time magazine, June 20, 1932.
21. ^Time magazine, August 13, 1933.
22. ^Time magazine, June 25, 1934.
23. ^Time magazine, August 26, 1935.
24. ^Time magazine, June 22, 1936.
25. ^Time magazine, August 30, 1937.
26. ^Time magazine, June 20, 1938.
27. ^Time magazine, September 4, 1939.
28. ^Time magazine, June 24, 1940
29. ^Time magazine, September 2, 1946 "For the first time since 1938, the top five U.S. women players...headed for England to play Britain's top women in Wightman Cup competition."
30. ^Time magazine, June 24, 1946.
31. ^Time magazine, August 25, 1947.
32. ^Time magazine, September 19, 1949.
33. ^Time magazine, August 10, 1953.
34. ^Time magazine, June 23, 1958.
35. ^Time magazine, June 20, 1960.
36. ^Time magazine, September 1, 1961.
37. ^[https://www.nytimes.com/1964/06/15/us-and-british-split-2-matches.html New York Times, June 15, 1964.]
38. ^[https://www.nytimes.com/1965/08/10/archives/us-beats-britain-in-wightman-cup-tennis-for-31st-time-5-matches-to.html New York Times, August 10, 1965.]
39. ^[https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost_historical/access/171317262.html?dids=171317262:171317262&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=NOV+14%2C+1976&author=&pub=The+Washington+Post&desc=Evert's+Win+Insures+Wightman+Cup+Return&pqatl=google Washington Post, November 14, 1976.] "...to bring the Wightman Cup back to the United States for the first time since 1973."
40. ^[https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost_historical/access/171317262.html?dids=171317262:171317262&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=NOV+14%2C+1976&author=&pub=The+Washington+Post&desc=Evert's+Win+Insures+Wightman+Cup+Return&pqatl=google Washington Post, November 14, 1976.]
41. ^1 2 3 4 International Herald Tribune, April 25, 1995. "...discontinued in 1990 after the Americans won their 11th straight."
42. ^{{cite web| last = McDermott| first = Barry| title = A Grim Grip On The Cup| work = SI Vault| publisher = Time Inc.| date =1979-11-12| url = http://vault.sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1126296/index.htm | accessdate =2008-04-23 }}
43. ^{{Cite magazine| title = Wightman Cup official programme 1980| date =1980-10-30}}.
44. ^{{cite web | title = Wightman Cup Tennis Tied| work = The New York Times| publisher = The New York Times | date = 1984-11-02| url = http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F60610FA385D0C718CDDA80994DC484D81 | accessdate =2008-04-23 }}
45. ^{{cite web| title = Scouting; Lloyd Out of Wightman | work = The New York Times| publisher = The New York Times Company | date = 1986-10-15| url = https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9A0DE6D91538F936A25753C1A960948260 | accessdate =2008-04-23 }}
46. ^{{cite web| title = Results Plus| work = The New York Times| publisher = The New York Times Company| date = 1998-11-06| url = https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=940DE4DE1E3EF935A35752C1A96E948260 | accessdate =2008-04-23 }}

External links

  • British Pathé – Newsreels Wightman Cup
{{Wightman Cup}}{{All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club}}{{tennis box}}

6 : Tennis tournaments in England|Tennis tournaments in Wales|Tennis tournaments in the United States|Wightman Cup|Recurring sporting events established in 1923|Recurring sporting events disestablished in 1990
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